Publications

29 Jan 2019
First Look

New Research and Ideas, January 29, 2019

forthcoming Journal of International Economics Corporate Debt, Firm Size and Financial Fragility in Emerging Markets By: Alfaro, Laura, Gonzalo Asis, Anusha Chari, and Ugo Panizza Abstract— The post-Global Financial Crisis period shows a... View Details

Keywords: Dina Gerdeman

May 2025
Case

Windsurf and the AI Code Assistant Market

By: Suraj Srinivasan, Sudhanshu Nath Mishra and Radhika Kak

In April 2025, the founding team of Windsurf, an AI start-up specializing in code generation gathered in Mountain View, California, to assess its remarkable year of growth. The company had scaled from a niche GitHub Copilot alternative to a breakout player with over... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Venture Capital; Innovation Leadership; Technological Innovation; Business Growth and Maturation; Competition; Business Strategy; Technology Industry; United States

July 2021
Teaching Note

Digital Transformation 2.0: CEO Elie Girard at Atos

By: Tsedal Neeley

Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 421-024. Elie Girard has taken the helm as CEO of multinational IT giant Atos to lead the company into the next era of digital transformation. Noticing that customers’ digital needs were evolving to become even more specialized and global... View Details

Keywords: Restructuring; Leading Change; Mergers and Acquisitions; Environmental Sustainability; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Digital Transformation; Information Technology Industry

September 2009
Article

Are You Having Trouble Keeping Your Operations Focused?

By: Robert S. Huckman

As a business broadens over time, it can lose the operational edge that led to its original success. Core strengths atrophy, efficiency or quality suffers, and sharper rivals close in to take advantage of the loss of focus. In his classic article "The Focused Factory"... View Details

Keywords: Business Units; Business Growth and Maturation; Goals and Objectives; Resource Allocation; Operations; Performance Efficiency

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March 2021 (Revised January 2023)
Case

The Trouble with TCE

By: Vincent Pons, Rafael Di Tella and Galit Goldstein

Trichloroethylene, or TCE, was a chemical used by tens of thousands of businesses in the United States. It was an affordable tool for many. Yet, TCE had been associated with important health risks, including cancer and autoimmune disease. TCE potentially posed other... View Details

Keywords: Trichloroethylene; Toxicity; Lobbying; Chemicals; Health Disorders; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Ethics; Business and Government Relations; Chemical Industry; United States

09 Apr 2019
First Look

New Research and Ideas, April 9, 2019

regulation. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=55884 April 2019 Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence By: Blasco,... View Details

Keywords: Dina Gerdeman

08 Jun 2010
First Look

First Look: June 8

Product Market Competition Lead Firms to Decentralize? Authors:Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen Publication:American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 100, no. 2 (May 2010) Abstract There is a widespread sense... View Details

Keywords: Martha Lagace

14 Apr 2021
Research & Ideas

The High Cost of the Slow COVID Vaccine Rollout

Associate Professor of Business Administration at HBS. “You are losing hundreds of billions in raw economic activity each month—and that’s not even accounting for all the other forms of loss the pandemic has caused. So you can put a lot... View Details

Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Health

18 Sep 2018
First Look

New Research and Ideas, September 18, 2018

paper: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=54967 Does Context Trump Individual Drivers of Voting Behavior? Evidence from U.S. Movers By: Cantoni, Enrico, and Vincent Pons Abstract—This paper assesses the relative influence of contextual drivers of voter... View Details

Keywords: Dina Gerdeman

January 2021
Case

Digital Transformation 2.0: CEO Elie Girard at Atos

By: Tsedal Neeley and James Barnett

Elie Girard has taken the helm as CEO of Atos—multinational IT giant—to lead the company into the next era of digital transformation. Noticing that customers’ digital needs were evolving to become even more specialized and global in scope, he made a bold first step as... View Details

Keywords: Restructuring; Change; Leadership; Technology Industry

18 Sep 2007
First Look

First Look: September 18, 2007

modularized. Instead these areas should be located in transaction-free zones so that the costs of transacting do not overburden the system. The boundaries of transaction-free zones constitute breakpoints... View Details

Keywords: Martha Lagace

06 Jun 2005
Research & Ideas

Microsoft vs. Open Source: Who Will Win?

in a special issue of Management Science. Ultimately, the authors believe, neither side is likely to be forced from the battlefield—Microsoft has too much market share and OSS offers too many benefits for users. But there are strategies... View Details

Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne; Technology

January 1998
Article

The Adam Smith Address: Location, Clusters, and the 'New' Microeconomics of Competition

By: Michael E. Porter

The new microeconomics of competition is contained in frameworks that structure the complexity of competition and inform managers of the choices they must make. The role of location has shifted from factor endowments and size to productivity growth; factor inputs are... View Details

Keywords: Economics

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04 Dec 2018
First Look

New Research and Ideas, December 4, 2018

link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=55322 forthcoming Journal of Financial Economics Governance Through Shame and Aspiration: Index Creation and Corporate Behavior By: Chattopadhyay, Akash, Matthew D. Shaffer, and... View Details

Keywords: Dina Gerdeman

July – August 2009
Article

The Descent of Finance

What if the current recession turns out to be like the Great Depression of 1929-1933? Four years from now, the United States might find itself with a still-shrinking economy, half as many banks as in 2009, a third as many hedge funds, and retail banking resembling a... View Details

Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; International Finance; Globalized Economies and Regions; Business and Government Relations; Financial Services Industry

January 2002 (Revised March 2011)
Case

Finland and Nokia: Creating the World's Most Competitive Economy

By: Michael E. Porter and Orjan Solvell

Finland, with a special language and culture, has developed as a country in between the west (the Nordic region and Europe) and the east (especially its neighbor Russia). In the 1980s, a process started of moving out of an investment-driven economy into an... View Details

Keywords: Development Economics; Economic Growth; Growth and Development Strategy; Industry Clusters; Business and Government Relations; Competitive Strategy; Telecommunications Industry; Finland