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      • 2012
      • Chapter

      The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort

      By: Kevin J. Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani
      Software development occurs in a patchwork or "confederacy" of different types of institutions (universities, small start-ups, multinational enterprises, government agencies, etc.) utilizing varied work approaches. Here we speculate on one possible explanation for this... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Applications and Software; Product Development; Organizations; Employees; Behavior; Competition; Cooperation; Creativity; Information Technology Industry
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      Boudreau, Kevin J., and Karim R. Lakhani. "The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort." In The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, edited by Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, 483–502. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
      • 2012
      • Book

      The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited

      By: Josh Lerner and Scott Stern
      While the importance of innovation to economic development is widely understood, the conditions conducive to it remain the focus of much attention. This volume offers new theoretical and empirical contributions to fundamental questions relating to the economics of... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Opportunities; Nonprofit Organizations; Resource Allocation; Economic Growth; Research and Development
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      Lerner, Josh and Scott Stern, eds. The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
      • February 2012
      • Article

      A 'Core Periphery' Framework to Navigate Emerging Market Governments—Qualitative Evidence from a Biotechnology Multinational

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, James Geraghty and Tarun Khanna
      We build on the emerging literature of influence-based models to study how multinational firms can navigate host governments. Our "core-periphery" framework posits that the actions that an MNC takes with actors in what we call the "periphery"—comprised of state,... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets; Multinational Firms and Management; Business and Government Relations; Power and Influence; Framework; Biotechnology Industry; Massachusetts; Brazil; China; Costa Rica; France; India
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, James Geraghty, and Tarun Khanna. "A 'Core Periphery' Framework to Navigate Emerging Market Governments—Qualitative Evidence from a Biotechnology Multinational." Global Strategy Journal 2, no. 1 (February 2012): 71–87.
      • December 2011
      • Article

      EXEMPLARY CONTRIBUTION: Transforming Mental Models on Emerging Markets

      By: Charles Dhanaraj and Tarun Khanna
      Economic growth in the Western world increasingly depends on meaningful engagement with emerging markets such as Brazil, China, India, South Africa, and Turkey. Business schools are responding with increased attention to these markets in their research and curricula.... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets; Business Model; Economic Growth; Developing Countries and Economies; Research; Business Education; Learning; Financial Institutions; Framework; Transformation; Perspective; India; China; Brazil; South Africa; Turkey
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      Dhanaraj, Charles, and Tarun Khanna. "EXEMPLARY CONTRIBUTION: Transforming Mental Models on Emerging Markets." Academy of Management Learning & Education 10, no. 4 (December 2011).
      • November 2011
      • Article

      How Great Companies Think Differently

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter
      Corporate leaders have long subscribed to the belief that the sole purpose of business is to make money. That narrow view, deeply embedded in the American capitalist system, molds the actions of most corporations, constraining them to focus on maximizing short-term... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Profit; Leadership; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Behavior; Social Issues; Competitive Advantage
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "How Great Companies Think Differently." Harvard Business Review 89, no. 11 (November 2011).
      • September 2011 (Revised February 2013)
      • Case

      Trucost: Valuing Corporate Environmental Impacts

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Stephanie van Sice
      Trucost provided corporate environmental performance data and analysis to institutional investors and corporate managers, but after operating for a decade had yet to achieve profitability. Trucost was struggling to effectively differentiate its high quality products... View Details
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Distribution Channels; Investment; Measurement and Metrics; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Information; Value; Environmental Sustainability; Financial Services Industry
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Trucost: Valuing Corporate Environmental Impacts." Harvard Business School Case 612-025, September 2011. (Revised February 2013.)
      • September 2011
      • Article

      Information Risk and Fair Value: An Examination of Equity Betas

      By: Edward J. Riedl and George Serafeim
      Using a sample of U.S. financial institutions, we exploit recent mandatory disclosures of financial instruments designated as fair value level 1, 2, and 3 to test whether greater information risk in financial instrument fair values leads to higher cost of capital. We... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Assets; Cost of Capital; Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Corporate Disclosure; Information; Risk and Uncertainty; Value; United States
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      Riedl, Edward J., and George Serafeim. "Information Risk and Fair Value: An Examination of Equity Betas." Journal of Accounting Research 49, no. 4 (September 2011): 1083–1122.
      • August 2011 (Revised August 2011)
      • Supplement

      What Happened at Citigroup? (B)

      By: Clayton Rose and Aldo Sesia
      The (B) case provides information on actions taken by Citigroup management in 2009-2010 in the aftermath of the financial crisis and massive government intervention to save the bank. It is a supplement to the (A) case. View Details
      Keywords: Financial Crisis; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry
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      Rose, Clayton, and Aldo Sesia. "What Happened at Citigroup? (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 312-038, August 2011. (Revised August 2011.)
      • July–August 2011
      • Article

      Putting Business Models Under the Microscope

      By: K. Merchant, Tatiana Sandino and D. Huelsbeck
      The article provides advice for financial managers on evaluating business models for corporate performance measurement. Emphasis is given to a study sponsored by the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) that examined the business model of a medical... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Financial Management; Performance Evaluation
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      Merchant, K., Tatiana Sandino, and D. Huelsbeck. "Putting Business Models Under the Microscope." Financial Management (CIMA) (July–August 2011), 54–55.
      • July 2011
      • Article

      The Private Equity Advantage: Leveraged Buyout Firms and Relationship Banking

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Anna Kovner
      This paper examines the impact of leveraged buyout firms' bank relationships on the terms of their syndicated loans. Using a sample of 1,590 loans financing private equity sponsored leveraged buyouts between 1993 and 2005, we find that bank relationships are an... View Details
      Keywords: Leveraged Buyouts; Private Equity; Banks and Banking; Financing and Loans; Interest Rates; Investment Return; Relationships; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Anna Kovner. "The Private Equity Advantage: Leveraged Buyout Firms and Relationship Banking." Review of Financial Studies 24, no. 7 (July 2011): 2462–2498.
      • June 2011 (Revised June 2011)
      • Case

      Calit2: A UC San Diego, UC Irvine Partnership

      By: Linda A. Hill and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld
      Larry Smarr, the founding director of the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2), reflects on the Institute's past 10 years of successes and challenges. In 2010, more than 700 university scientists, artists, engineers, and... View Details
      Keywords: Success; Problems and Challenges; Innovation and Invention; Projects; Leadership; Innovation Leadership; Partners and Partnerships; Information Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry; California
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      Hill, Linda A., and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld. "Calit2: A UC San Diego, UC Irvine Partnership." Harvard Business School Case 411-105, June 2011. (Revised June 2011.)
      • 9 May 2011 - 11 May 2011
      • Conference Presentation

      How Firms Respond to Mandatory Information Disclosure

      By: Anil Doshi, Michael Toffel and Glen W. S. Dowell
      When new institutional pressures arise, which organizations are particularly likely to resist or acquiesce? When subjected to new information disclosure mandates, an increasingly popular form of market-based government regulation, which types of organizations are... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Disclosure; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Environmental Regulation; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Doshi, Anil, Michael Toffel, and Glen W. S. Dowell. "How Firms Respond to Mandatory Information Disclosure." Paper presented at the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability Annual Research Conference, Philadelphia, PA, May 9–11, 2011.
      • May 2011
      • Article

      Consequences and Institutional Determinants of Unregulated Corporate Financial Statements: Evidence from Embedded Value Reporting

      By: George Serafeim
      I analyze Embedded Value (EV) reporting by firms with life insurance operations to assess the impact of unregulated financial reporting on transparency and to examine the institutional characteristics that promote unregulated reporting. Under EV accounting the present... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Statements; Mergers and Acquisitions; Financial Reporting; Cash Flow; Contracts; Equity; Profit; Value; Corporate Disclosure; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business and Shareholder Relations; Business Earnings
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      Serafeim, George. "Consequences and Institutional Determinants of Unregulated Corporate Financial Statements: Evidence from Embedded Value Reporting." Journal of Accounting Research 49, no. 2 (May 2011).
      • May 2011
      • Article

      Institutional Stock Trading on Loan Market Information

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Zheng Sun
      Over the past decade, one of the most important developments in the corporate loan market has been the increasing participation of institutional investors in lending syndicates. As lenders, institutional investors routinely receive private information about borrowers.... View Details
      Keywords: Stocks; Financing and Loans; Negotiation; Investment Portfolio; Investment Return
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Zheng Sun. "Institutional Stock Trading on Loan Market Information." Journal of Financial Economics 100, no. 2 (May 2011): 284–303.
      • May 2011
      • Article

      The Hollow Science

      By: Robert S. Kaplan
      The financial meltdown made clear that the executives of many major financial institutions were operating with inadequate or distorted information about the values and risks of their firms' assets. It's fair to say that business scholars bear some... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Financial Crisis; Financial Management; Information; Knowledge Acquisition; Risk Management; Practice
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      Kaplan, Robert S. "The Hollow Science." Harvard Business Review 89, no. 5 (May 2011).
      • April 2011 (Revised June 2011)
      • Case

      Internet Securities, Inc.: Path to Sustainability

      By: Lynda M. Applegate, William R. Kerr and Ryan Johnson
      Founded in 1994 when the Internet was still a "toy for techies," the case is set in 1998 when Internet IPOs were red-hot. Internet Securities provides hard-to-find financial, business, economic, and political information on emerging markets. Information from over 600... View Details
      Keywords: Acquisition; Business Model; Business Startups; Decision Choices and Conditions; Venture Capital; Cash Flow; Initial Public Offering; Analytics and Data Science; Growth and Development Strategy; Valuation
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      Applegate, Lynda M., William R. Kerr, and Ryan Johnson. "Internet Securities, Inc.: Path to Sustainability." Harvard Business School Case 811-098, April 2011. (Revised June 2011.)
      • April 2011
      • Teaching Note

      Office of Technology Transfer - Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (TN)

      By: Willy Shih and Sen Chai
      Teaching Note for 611057. View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Rights; Infrastructure; Multinational Firms and Management; Research and Development; Complexity; Commercialization; Technology Adoption; Motivation and Incentives; Biotechnology Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Shanghai
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      Shih, Willy, and Sen Chai. "Office of Technology Transfer - Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 611-058, April 2011.
      • 2011
      • Working Paper

      How Foundations Think: The Ford Foundation as a Dominating Institution in the Field of American Business Schools

      By: Rakesh Khurana, Kenneth Kimura and Marion Fourcade
      The question of institutional change has become central to organizational research (Powell, 2008). Recent scholarship has demonstrated, often through carefully researched cases, that institutions can and sometimes do change. According to this research, there are two... View Details
      Keywords: Change; Business Education; Business History; Organizations; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Structure; Relationships; Behavior
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      Khurana, Rakesh, Kenneth Kimura, and Marion Fourcade. "How Foundations Think: The Ford Foundation as a Dominating Institution in the Field of American Business Schools." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-070, January 2011.
      • Article

      Diasporas and Domestic Entrepreneurs: Evidence from the Indian Software Industry

      By: Ramana Nanda and Tarun Khanna
      This study explores the importance of cross-border social networks for entrepreneurs in developing countries by examining ties between the Indian expatriate community and local entrepreneurs in India's software industry. We find that local entrepreneurs who have... View Details
      Keywords: Diasporas; Entrepreneurship; Applications and Software; Information Technology Industry; India
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      Nanda, Ramana, and Tarun Khanna. "Diasporas and Domestic Entrepreneurs: Evidence from the Indian Software Industry." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 19, no. 4 (Winter 2010): 991–1012.
      • September 2010
      • Article

      How Firms Respond to Being Rated

      By: Aaron K. Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
      While many rating systems seek to help buyers overcome information asymmetries when making purchasing decisions, we investigate how these ratings also influence the companies being rated. We hypothesize that ratings are particularly likely to spur responses from firms... View Details
      Keywords: System; Information; Decisions; Cost; Opportunities; Performance; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Economics; Theory; System Shocks; Rank and Position
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      Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "How Firms Respond to Being Rated." Strategic Management Journal 31, no. 9 (September 2010): 917–945. (Lead article.)
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