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- September 2009
- Article
Finance and Politics: A Review Essay Based on Kenneth Dam's Analysis of Legal Traditions in The Law-Growth Nexus
By: Mark J. Roe and Jordan I. Siegel
Strong financial markets are widely thought to propel economic development, with many in finance seeing legal tradition as fundamental to protecting investors sufficiently for finance to flourish. Kenneth Dam finds that the legal tradition view inaccurately portrays... View Details
Keywords: Financial Development; Economic Development; Kenneth Dam; Finance; Government and Politics; Information; Law
Roe, Mark J., and Jordan I. Siegel. "Finance and Politics: A Review Essay Based on Kenneth Dam's Analysis of Legal Traditions in The Law-Growth Nexus." Journal of Economic Literature 47, no. 3 (September 2009): 781–800. (Strong financial markets are widely thought to propel economic development, with many in finance seeing legal tradition as fundamental to protecting investors sufficiently for finance to flourish. Kenneth Dam finds that the legal tradition view inaccurately portrays how legal systems work, how laws developed historically, and how government power is allocated in the various legal traditions. Yet, after probing the legal origins' literature for inaccuracies, Dam does not deeply develop an alternative hypothesis to explain the world's differences in financial development. Nor does he challenge the origins core data, which could be origins' trump card. Hence, his analysis will not convince many economists, despite that his legal learning suggests conceptual and factual difficulties for the legal origins explanations. Yet, a dense political economy explanation is already out there and the origins-based data has unexplored weaknesses consistent with Dam's contentions. Knowing if the origins view is truly fundamental, flawed, or secondary is vital for financial development policy making because policymakers who believe it will pick policies that imitate what they think to be the core institutions of the preferred legal tradition. But if they have mistaken views, as Dam indicates they might, as to what the legal traditions' institutions really are and which types of laws are effective, or what is really most important to financial development, they will make policy mistakes—potentially serious ones.)
- February 2004 (Revised November 2012)
- Exercise
Capital Investment Analysis
By: Dwight B. Crane and Josh Lerner
Teaches techniques of evaluating investment alternatives. A rewritten version of an earlier exercise. View Details
Crane, Dwight B., and Josh Lerner. "Capital Investment Analysis." Harvard Business School Exercise 204-140, February 2004. (Revised November 2012.)
- September 2010 (Revised July 2012)
- Case
Citigroup 2007: Financial Reporting and Regulatory Capital
By: Suraj Srinivasan, Edward J. Riedl and Sharon Katz
This case introduces 1) financial statements for banks, 2) basic regulatory capital calculations, and 3) actions Citigroup must consider under a scenario of continued losses/fair value declines in 2008 (leading to potential violation of regulatory capital). View Details
Keywords: Fair Value Accounting; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Financial Crisis; Capital; Financial Strategy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Banking Industry; United States
Srinivasan, Suraj, Edward J. Riedl, and Sharon Katz. "Citigroup 2007: Financial Reporting and Regulatory Capital." Harvard Business School Case 111-041, September 2010. (Revised July 2012.)
- June 1985 (Revised December 2002)
- Background Note
Basic Ratio Analysis and Equity Valuation
By: David F. Hawkins
Describes the use of common financial ratios to analyze a firm's performance and financial condition. Discusses fundamentals of equity valuation. Based on an earlier note by the same author. View Details
Hawkins, David F. "Basic Ratio Analysis and Equity Valuation." Harvard Business School Background Note 185-149, June 1985. (Revised December 2002.)
- April 2006
- Module Note
Cross-Border Financial Opportunities
By: Mihir A. Desai and Kathleen Luchs
Describes the fifth module in the International Finance course at Harvard Business School. This module explores how segmented capital markets create financing opportunities for firms and the mechanisms that evolve to take advantage of those opportunities. The issues... View Details
Keywords: Opportunities; Capital Markets; Decisions; International Finance; Motivation and Incentives; Taxation
Desai, Mihir A., and Kathleen Luchs. "Cross-Border Financial Opportunities." Harvard Business School Module Note 206-126, April 2006.
- November 2010 (Revised May 2012)
- Background Note
Assessing a Company's Future Financial Health
By: Thomas R. Piper
The case provides students with (1) an understanding of the essence of long-term financial health; (2) familiarity with the calculation and meaning of various financial ratios; and (3) an understanding of the influence of a company's operating and competitive... View Details
Keywords: Financial Condition; Forecasting and Prediction; Investment Return; Operations; Competitive Strategy
Piper, Thomas R. "Assessing a Company's Future Financial Health." Harvard Business School Background Note 911-412, November 2010. (Revised May 2012.)
- Research Summary
Financial Incentives
My research examines how the performance effects of internal governance and the design of compensation vary by managerial position. For example, I document links between innovation and stock options for corporate R&D heads;... View Details
- Forthcoming
- Article
Variable Leases Under ASC 842: Evidence on Properties and Consequences
The new lease standard (ASC 842) allows firms to keep variable leases off-balance-sheet, in part based on the assumption that future expenses are difficult to estimate reliably. We show that variable-lease expenses are both prevalent and substantial, exhibiting... View Details
Heese, Jonas, Albert Shin, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Variable Leases Under ASC 842: Evidence on Properties and Consequences." Review of Accounting Studies (forthcoming). (Pre-published online June 26, 2025.)
- September 2001
- Background Note
Financial Reporting Environment, The
Provides a framework for understanding the role of financial reporting and various intermediaries as mechanisms for reducing both adverse selection and moral hazard problems in capital markets. Financial reports reduce adverse selection by providing basic information... View Details
Keywords: Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Capital Markets; Venture Capital; Corporate Disclosure; Conflict of Interests
Healy, Paul M., Amy P. Hutton, Robert S. Kaplan, and Krishna G. Palepu. "Financial Reporting Environment, The." Harvard Business School Background Note 102-029, September 2001.
- April 1982 (Revised June 1985)
- Case
Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis
Westinghouse had just issued its annual report to shareholders for the year ending December 31, 1973. The report indicates that sales have increased to a record $5.7 billion but that net income is down almost 20% from its record level of $199 million in the previous... View Details
Bartczak, Norman. "Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis." Harvard Business School Case 182-239, April 1982. (Revised June 1985.)
- May 2015 (Revised December 2016)
- Supplement
Generating Higher Value at IBM (B)
By: Benjamin C. Esty and E. Scott Mayfield
Keywords: Dividends; Share Repurchases; Earnings Guidance; Financial Statement Analysis; Financial Ratios; Payout Policy; Earnings Per Share (EPS); Value Creation; Financial Statements; Corporate Finance; Computer Industry
Esty, Benjamin C., and E. Scott Mayfield. "Generating Higher Value at IBM (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 215-059, May 2015. (Revised December 2016.)
- October 2021
- Case
Financial Reporting at Mattel
By: Aiyesha Dey, Trung Nguyen, Marshal Herrmann and Julia Kelley
In September 2020, Diana Ferguson was nearing her first Audit Committee meeting as the newly appointed Audit Committee chair of Mattel, Inc. Mattel was just recovering from an accounting scandal which had revealed the company’s poor internal controls and weak board... View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Accounting Audits; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Governance; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Disclosure; Corporate Governance; Governance Compliance; Governance Controls; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; Lawsuits and Litigation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Financial Services Industry; Financial Services Industry; Financial Services Industry; North and Central America; United States; California
Dey, Aiyesha, Trung Nguyen, Marshal Herrmann, and Julia Kelley. "Financial Reporting at Mattel." Harvard Business School Case 122-006, October 2021.
- June 2017
- Teaching Note
Project Sun Devil and Project Paris
By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Alexander W. Schultz
Tony Lee is preparing to present a project to the investment committee of Howard Street Capital. He will be recommending an investment in Project Sun Devil, a high-quality 225-unit student housing rental property near Tempe, Arizona. Tony Lee will compete for capital... View Details
Keywords: General Management; Financial Analysis; Return On Assets; Accounting; Performance Measurement; Financial Ratios; Return On Equity; Financial Statements; Profitability Analysis; Portfolio Investment; Portfolio Management; Real Estate; Property; Investment Portfolio; Investment Return; Analysis; Real Estate Industry; United States
- November 2017
- Teaching Note
Generating Higher Value at IBM (A) and (B)
By: Benjamin C. Esty and E. Scott Mayfield
Teaching Note for HBS Nos. 215-058 and 215-059. View Details
- January 2003 (Revised February 2011)
- Tool
Business Analysis and Valuation Model (Version 5)
By: Paul M. Healy, Krishna G. Palepu and Jonathan Barnett
Once you enter company financial statements, this software enables you to standardize them to a common format, make any needed adjustments to the company's accounting, and make assumptions about the company's future performance. The model then provides financial ratios... View Details
- October 1985
- Background Note
Interim Period Reporting and Analysis
By: David F. Hawkins
Keywords: Financial Reporting
Hawkins, David F. "Interim Period Reporting and Analysis." Harvard Business School Background Note 186-081, October 1985.
- December 2011
- Case
Bergerac Systems: The Challenge of Backward Integration
By: David A. Garvin and Sunru Yong
Bergerac Systems is a small, rapidly growing manufacturer of diagnostic instruments used in veterinary practices. The company introduced the OmniVue chemistry analyzer, which enables veterinarians to run a wide range of blood and blood chemistry tests on their animal... View Details
Keywords: Financial Analysis; Manufacturing Strategy; Strategy; Production; Supply Chain Management; Vertical Integration; Performance Capacity; Financial Strategy; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Garvin, David A., and Sunru Yong. "Bergerac Systems: The Challenge of Backward Integration." Harvard Business School Brief Case 114-381, December 2011.
- 2018
- Other Teaching and Training Material
Financial Accounting Reading: Shareholders' Equity
By: Suraj Srinivasan
Core Curriculum Readings in Financial Accounting cover the fundamental concepts in financial accounting. Many readings include videos and Interactive Illustrations to help students master complex concepts.
This is a standalone reading designed to introduce... View Details
This is a standalone reading designed to introduce... View Details
Srinivasan, Suraj. "Financial Accounting Reading: Shareholders' Equity." Core Curriculum Readings Series. Boston: Harvard Business Publishing 5075, 2018.
- April 2005
- Article
The Geography of Equity Analysis
By: Christopher J. Malloy
I provide evidence that geographically proximate analysts are more accurate than other analysts. Stock returns immediately surrounding forecast revisions suggest that local analysts impact prices more than other analysts. These effects are strongest for firms located... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Stocks; Investment Return; Forecasting and Prediction; Price; Performance; Equity; Information; Prejudice and Bias; Agency Theory
Malloy, Christopher J. "The Geography of Equity Analysis." Journal of Finance 60, no. 2 (April 2005): 719–755. (Nominated for Smith Breeden Prize. Best Paper For the best finance research paper published in the Journal of Finance presented by Smith Breeden Associates, Inc.)
- September 2010
- Supplement
Using Regression Analysis to Estimate Time Equations (CW)
By: Francisco de Asis Martinez-Jerez
This note presents a simple way to estimate time equations using regression analysis in Excel. The note quickly outlines regression analysis, then presents a real-life case example from the natural gas industry that students can use to gain experience developing and... View Details