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- All HBS Web (802)
- Faculty Publications (434)
- 08 May 2020
- In Practice
Nonprofits Hurt by COVID-19 Must Hoard Cash to Hold On
Trelstad: Hold virtual fundraising events and engage loyal donors Organizations need to think quickly and practically about cash flows and revise their scenarios for getting through the crisis and then a... View Details
Keywords: by Danielle Kost
- December 2017 (Revised January 2022)
- Supplement
Bega Cheese: Bidding to Bring Vegemite Back Home
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Lauren G. Pickle
In January 2017, the leadership team of Bega Cheese—the Australian dairy company—was considering a bid for Mondelēz International’s Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) grocery business which included several leading consumer brands including Vegemite, the iconic Australian... View Details
Keywords: Mergers ＆ Acquisitions; Value Drivers; Discounted Cash Flow (DCF); Dairy Industry; Corporate Scope; Consumer Goods; Iconic Brands; Bidding Strategy; Cross Border; Financing; Mergers and Acquisitions; Valuation; Value Creation; Business Divisions; Capital Structure; Food; Bids and Bidding; Diversification; Brands and Branding; Corporate Finance; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Australia; United States
- December 2017 (Revised February 2021)
- Case
Bega Cheese: Bidding to Bring Vegemite Back Home
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Lauren G. Pickle
In January 2017, the leadership team of Bega Cheese—the Australian dairy company—was considering a bid for Mondelēz International’s Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) grocery business, which included several leading consumer brands such as Vegemite, the iconic Australian... View Details
Keywords: Mergers ＆ Acquisitions; Value Drivers; Discounted Cash Flow (DCF); Dairy Industry; Corporate Scope; Consumer Goods; Iconic Brands; Bidding Strategy; Cross Border; Financing; Mergers and Acquisitions; Valuation; Value Creation; Diversification; Business Divisions; Corporate Finance; Capital Structure; Food; Bids and Bidding; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Australia; United States
Esty, Benjamin C., and Lauren G. Pickle. "Bega Cheese: Bidding to Bring Vegemite Back Home." Harvard Business School Case 218-001, December 2017. (Revised February 2021.)
- August 2017 (Revised December 2017)
- Case
Accounting for Nuclear Power Provisions at RWE
By: Paul Healy and Jonas Heese
In early 2016, RWE, a utility that operates nuclear power plants in Germany, came under scrutiny from regulators and the media over the adequacy of its provisions for costs of decommissioning and dismantling (D&D) its nuclear power plants. Accounting standards required... View Details
Keywords: Liabilities; Provisions For Long-term Obligations; Discounting; Accounting; Energy Generation; Energy Industry; Germany
Healy, Paul, and Jonas Heese. "Accounting for Nuclear Power Provisions at RWE." Harvard Business School Case 118-013, August 2017. (Revised December 2017.)
- June 2018 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
Valuing Snap After the IPO Quiet Period (A)
By: Marco Di Maggio, Benjamin C. Esty and Gregory Saldutte
Snap, the disappearing message app, went public at $17 per share on March 2, 2017, making its two 20-something founders the youngest self-made billionaires in the country. Over the next three weeks, 14 analysts made investment recommendations on Snap: two with buy... View Details
Keywords: Sell-side Analysts; Underwriters; Investment Banking; Social Network; Discounted Cash Flow; Cost Of Capital; Conflicts Of Interest; Corporate Governance; Advertising; Quiet Period; ＂DCF Valuation,＂; Business Startups; Digital Marketing; Initial Public Offering; Information Infrastructure; Valuation; Venture Capital; Forecasting and Prediction; Social Media; Advertising Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Web Services Industry; United States; California
Di Maggio, Marco, Benjamin C. Esty, and Gregory Saldutte. "Valuing Snap After the IPO Quiet Period (A)." Harvard Business School Case 218-095, June 2018. (Revised April 2021.)
- December 2017
- Supplement
Bega Cheese: Bidding to Bring Vegemite Back Home
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Lauren G. Pickle
In January 2017, the leadership team of Bega Cheese—the Australian dairy company—was considering a bid for Mondelēz International’s Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) grocery business which included several leading consumer brands (Vegemite—the iconic Australian spread,... View Details
Keywords: Mergers ＆ Acquisitions; Value Drivers; Discounted Cash Flow (DCF); Dairy Industry; Corporate Scope; Diversification; Consumer Goods; Iconic Brands; Australia; Corporate Finance; Bidding Strategy; Cross Border; Mergers and Acquisitions; Valuation; Value Creation; Business Divisions; Capital Structure; Food; Bids and Bidding; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Australia; United States
- 2017
- Working Paper
The Benefits of Selective Disclosure: Evidence from Private Firms
By: Joan Farre-Mensa
Private firms’ ability to communicate confidentially with selected investors implies that valuation disagreements between firms and investors are larger at public firms than at private ones. Consistent with the notion that misvaluation concerns lead public firms to... View Details
Keywords: Finance; Equity; Private Companies; Corporate Cash; Precautionary Motives; Share Issuance; IPOs; Selective Disclosure; Private Ownership; Cash; Market Timing; Corporate Finance; Public Ownership; Corporate Disclosure; United States
Farre-Mensa, Joan. "The Benefits of Selective Disclosure: Evidence from Private Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-095, April 2014. (Revised March 2017.)
- October 2016 (Revised February 2019)
- Module Note
Strategy Execution Module 5: Building a Profit Plan
By: Robert Simons
This module reading describes how to build a profit plan to reflect the strategy of a business in economic terms. After introducing the profit wheel, cash wheel, and ROE wheel, the module illustrates how to use a profit plan to assess the viability of different... View Details
Keywords: Management Control Systems; Implementing Strategy; Execution; Profit Planning; Cash Flow Analysis; Asset Utilization; Return On Equity; Business Planning; Testing Strategy; Analyzing Strategic Alternative; Strategy; Asset Management; Cash Flow; Investment Return; Management Systems; Profit
Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 5: Building a Profit Plan." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-105, October 2016. (Revised February 2019.)
- December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
- Teaching Note
Bega Cheese: Bidding to Bring Vegemite Back Home
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Lauren G. Pickle and Greg Saldutte
In January 2017, the leadership team of Bega Cheese—the Australian dairy company—was considering a bid for Mondelēz International’s Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) grocery business which included several leading consumer brands such as Vegemite, the iconic Australian... View Details
Keywords: Mergers ＆ Acquisitions; Value Drivers; Discounted Cash Flow (DCF); Dairy Industry; Corporate Scope; Diversification; Consumer Goods; Iconic Brands; Australia; Corporate Finance; Bidding Strategy; Cross Border; Financing; Mergers and Acquisitions; Valuation; Value Creation; Business Divisions; Capital Structure; Food; Bids and Bidding; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Australia; United States
Ivashina, Victoria, Alexey Tuzikov, and Abhijit Tagade. "Valuation Techniques in Private Equity: LBO Model." Harvard Business School Background Note 218-106, June 2018.
- February 2006 (Revised October 2006)
- Background Note
Introduction to Valuation Multiples
By: Robin Greenwood and Lucy White
Outlines the definition and applicability of financial multiples and their relationship to discounted cash flow analysis. View Details
Greenwood, Robin, and Lucy White. "Introduction to Valuation Multiples." Harvard Business School Background Note 206-095, February 2006. (Revised October 2006.)
- February 1998 (Revised January 1999)
- Case
Digital Everywhere, Inc.
By: Paul A. Gompers
Presents a valuation problem in a fictitious firm, Digital Everywhere. Students have the opportunity to compare various discounted cash flow valuation models in an entrepreneurial firm. View Details
Gompers, Paul A. "Digital Everywhere, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 298-099, February 1998. (Revised January 1999.)
- December 1997 (Revised December 1998)
- Case
Valuing Capital Investment Projects
By: W. Carl Kester
A collection of problems that introduces students to the application of discounted cash flow analysis in the evaluation of capital budgeting problems. View Details
Kester, W. Carl. "Valuing Capital Investment Projects." Harvard Business School Case 298-092, December 1997. (Revised December 1998.)
- Research Summary
Corporate Bond Pricing and Different Sources of Asset Return Volatility (with George Chacko and Jens Hilscher)
This paper presents a pricing model for defaultable bonds. Default is defined by a cash flow, not value, covenant. The cash flow (total distributions) yield is stochastic. We find that different sources of volatility, cash flow versus discount rate news, affect... View Details
- December 2000 (Revised December 2016)
- Technical Note
Valuing Companies in Corporate Restructurings: Technical Note
By: Stuart C. Gilson
This case provides a technical overview of different valuation techniques for use in valuing companies in corporate restructuring. Techniques covered include adjusted present value, WACC, capital cash flow, and discounted cash flow valuation. Specific numerical... View Details
Gilson, Stuart C. "Valuing Companies in Corporate Restructurings: Technical Note." Harvard Business School Technical Note 201-073, December 2000. (Revised December 2016.)
- 2010
- Case
New Heritage Doll Company: Capital Budgeting: Brief Case No. 4212.
By: Timothy A. Luehrman and Heide Diener Abelli
A manufacturer and retailer of specialty doll products must decide which of two projects to fund. The decision requires the student to compute cash flows for the 2 projects, discount values to the present and compare and contrast different project performance measures. View Details
- 2021
- Working Paper
Stock Investors' Returns Are Exaggerated
By: Jesse M. Fried, Paul Ma and Charles C.Y. Wang
The stock market generates less wealth than it appears. We show that total shareholder return (TSR), the standard measure of stock investor performance, substantially exaggerates returns earned by these investors in aggregate, and thus by most investors. The main... View Details
Keywords: All-shareholder Returns; Capital Flows; Dividend Reinvestment; Equity Premium; Total Shareholder Returns; Stocks; Investment Return; Market Timing
Fried, Jesse M., Paul Ma, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Stock Investors' Returns Are Exaggerated." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-036, November 2021.
- 2009
- Case
Midland Energy Resources, Inc.: Cost of Capital (TN): Brief Case.
By: Timothy A. Luehrman and Joel L. Heilprin
Finance, Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), Capital Structure, Risk Assessment, Corporate Finance, Cash Flow, Valuation, Beta, North America, Energy, Oil and Gas, Cost of Capital, Cost of Equity, Discount Rate, Risk Premium,... View Details
- April 2010
- Case
Groupe Ariel S.A.: Parity Conditions and Cross-Border Valuation
By: Timothy A. Luehrman and James Quinn
Groupe Ariel evaluates a proposal from its Mexican subsidiary to purchase and install cost-saving equipment at a manufacturing facility in Monterrey. The improvements will allow the plant to automate recycling and remanufacturing of toner and printer cartridges, an... View Details
Keywords: Exchange Rates; Securities Analysis; Project Evaluation; International Finance; Debt Securities; Currency Exchange Rate; Cash Flow; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Capital Budgeting; Europe; Mexico
Luehrman, Timothy A., and James Quinn. "Groupe Ariel S.A.: Parity Conditions and Cross-Border Valuation." Harvard Business School Brief Case 104-194, April 2010.
- February 1998 (Revised March 1998)
- Case
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Presents recommendations for hurdle rates of Marriott's divisions to select by discounting appropriate cash flows by the appropriate hurdle rate for each division. View Details
Ruback, Richard S. "Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital." Harvard Business School Case 298-101, February 1998. (Revised March 1998.)
- March 2001
- Background Note
Valuing the Option Component of Debt and Its Relevance to DCF-Based Valuation Methods
The flows-to-equity or equity cash flows valuation method is a discounted cash flow method used to estimate the equity portion of the capital structure. It is closely related to the venture capital/buyout valuation method, which estimates the IRR of the stream of cash... View Details
Meulbroek, Lisa K. "Valuing the Option Component of Debt and Its Relevance to DCF-Based Valuation Methods." Harvard Business School Background Note 201-110, March 2001.