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    • All HBS Web  (3,778)
      • Faculty Publications  (869)

      by Michael Toffel Remove by Michael Toffel →

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      Introduction

      By: Stefano Brusoni, Joachim Henkel, Michael G Jacobides, Samina Karim, Alan MacCormack, Phanish Puranam and Melissa Schilling
      In 2000, Carliss Baldwin and Kim Clark published Design Rules: The Power of Modularity, a book that introduced new ways of understanding and explaining the architecture of complex systems. This Special Issue of Industrial and Corporate Change celebrates... View Details
      Keywords: Complex Systems; Industry Structure; Systems Design; Complexity; Organizational Design; Competitive Strategy; Innovation and Management
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      Brusoni, Stefano, Joachim Henkel, Michael G Jacobides, Samina Karim, Alan MacCormack, Phanish Puranam, and Melissa Schilling. "Introduction." Special Issue on The Power of Modularity: Twenty Years of Design Rules. Industrial and Corporate Change 32, no. 1 (February 2023): 1–10.
      • January 2023 (Revised June 2024)
      • Case

      Zaoui & Co. (A): Consigliere for High Stakes M&A Transactions

      By: Ashish Nanda, Alex Kitsberg and Zack Kurtovich
      In September 2019, Zaoui & Co.’s close-knit team of professionals convened for their annual off-site. In its nine years of operation, the boutique investment bank founded by the brothers Michael (HBS ’83) and Yoel Zaoui (Stanford GSB ’88), had garnered a track record... View Details
      Keywords: Professional Service Firm; Entrepreneurship; Finance; Strategy; Investment Banking; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Growth and Development Strategy; Europe; United Kingdom
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      Nanda, Ashish, Alex Kitsberg, and Zack Kurtovich. "Zaoui & Co. (A): Consigliere for High Stakes M&A Transactions." Harvard Business School Case 723-399, January 2023. (Revised June 2024.)
      • January 2023 (Revised June 2024)
      • Supplement

      Zaoui & Co. (B): Executing the Odyssey SPAC Transaction

      By: Ashish Nanda, Alex Kitsberg and Zack Kurtovich
      In September 2019, founding partners Michael and Yoel Zaoui decided to add principal investing to Zaoui & Co.’s offerings. The case outlines how, over the next two years, Zaoui & Co. pursued the formation of a SPAC, Odyssey Acquisitions, followed by the identification... View Details
      Keywords: Finance; Investment Banking; SPACs; M&A; Strategy; Entrepreneurship; Europe; United Kingdom
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      Nanda, Ashish, Alex Kitsberg, and Zack Kurtovich. "Zaoui & Co. (B): Executing the Odyssey SPAC Transaction." Harvard Business School Supplement 723-400, January 2023. (Revised June 2024.)
      • January 2023
      • Supplement

      Global Sourcing at Nike

      By: Nien-hê Hsieh and Michael W. Toffel
      Powerpoint Supplement for “Global Sourcing at Nike,” HBS No. 619-008 View Details
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      Hsieh, Nien-hê, and Michael W. Toffel. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 623-709, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Article

      Calculators for Women: When Identity-Based Appeals Backfire

      By: Tami Kim, Kate Barasz, Michael I. Norton and Leslie K. John
      From “Chick Beer” to “Dryer Sheets for Men,” identity-based labeling is frequently deployed by marketers to appeal to specific target markets. Yet such identity appeals can backfire, alienating the very consumers they aim to attract. We theorize and empirically... View Details
      Keywords: Categorization Threat; Stereotypes; Identity; Labels; Gender; Perception; Consumer Behavior
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      Kim, Tami, Kate Barasz, Michael I. Norton, and Leslie K. John. "Calculators for Women: When Identity-Based Appeals Backfire." Special Issue on Racism and Discrimination in the Marketplace edited by Samantha N. N. Cross and Stephanie Dellande. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 8, no. 1 (January 2023): 72–82.
      • January–February 2023
      • Article

      Data-Driven COVID-19 Vaccine Development for Janssen

      By: Dimitris Bertsimas, Michael Lingzhi Li, Xinggang Liu, Jennings Xu and Najat Khan
      The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred extensive vaccine research worldwide. One crucial part of vaccine development is the phase III clinical trial that assesses the vaccine for safety and efficacy in the prevention of COVID-19. In this work, we enumerate the first... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Health Testing and Trials; Forecasting and Prediction; AI and Machine Learning; Research; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Bertsimas, Dimitris, Michael Lingzhi Li, Xinggang Liu, Jennings Xu, and Najat Khan. "Data-Driven COVID-19 Vaccine Development for Janssen." INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics 53, no. 1 (January–February 2023): 70–84.
      • December 2022 (Revised October 2023)
      • Supplement

      Driving Decarbonization at BMW – Student Spreadsheet Supplement

      By: Shirley Lu, George Serafeim and Michael W. Toffel
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      Lu, Shirley, George Serafeim, and Michael W. Toffel. "Driving Decarbonization at BMW – Student Spreadsheet Supplement." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 123-708, December 2022. (Revised October 2023.)
      • December 2022
      • Supplement

      Driving Decarbonization at BMW - Video Supplement

      By: Shirley Lu, George Serafeim and Michael W. Toffel
      Videos of Thomas Becker, Vice President of Sustainability and Mobility at BMW Group, in support of the case "Driving Decarbonization at BMW" (HBS No. 123-008) View Details
      Keywords: Decarbonization; Auto Manufacturing; Carbon Accounting; Accounting; Environmental Accounting; Energy; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Pollution; Product; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Production; Product Design; Transportation; Transportation Industry; Europe; United States; China
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      Lu, Shirley, George Serafeim, and Michael W. Toffel. "Driving Decarbonization at BMW - Video Supplement." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 123-706, December 2022.
      • December 2022
      • Article

      The Contribution of Price Growth to Pharmaceutical Revenue Growth in the United States: Evidence from Medicines Sold in Retail Pharmacies

      By: Pragya Kakani, Michael Chernew and Amitabh Chandra
      Context: To what extent does pharmaceutical revenue growth depend on new medicines versus increasing prices for existing medicines? Moreover, does using list prices, as is commonly done, instead of prices net of confidential rebates offered by manufacturers, which are... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue; Price; Policy; Business Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Kakani, Pragya, Michael Chernew, and Amitabh Chandra. "The Contribution of Price Growth to Pharmaceutical Revenue Growth in the United States: Evidence from Medicines Sold in Retail Pharmacies." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 47, no. 6 (December 2022): 629–648.
      • November 2022 (Revised March 2023)
      • Supplement

      JUUL and the Vaping Revolution: A 2022 Update

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Sarah Mehta
      This slide deck provides a brief update (2019-2022) on the rise and fall of JUUL Labs, the maker of the popular JUUL e-cigarette. View Details
      Keywords: Electronic Cigarettes; E-Cigarettes; Vaping; Nicotine Replacement; JUUL; Juuling; Government Regulation; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Digital Marketing; Customers; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Marketing; Ethics; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Technology Industry; California
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Sarah Mehta. "JUUL and the Vaping Revolution: A 2022 Update." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 623-012, November 2022. (Revised March 2023.)
      • November 2022 (Revised March 2023)
      • Supplement

      JUUL and the Vaping Revolution: A 2022 Update

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Sarah Mehta
      This case provides a brief update (2019-2022) on the rise and fall of JUUL Labs, the maker of the popular JUUL e-cigarette. View Details
      Keywords: Electronic Cigarettes; E-Cigarettes; Vaping; Nicotine Replacement; JUUL; Juuling; Government Regulation; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Digital Marketing; Customers; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Marketing; Ethics; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Technology Industry; California
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Sarah Mehta. "JUUL and the Vaping Revolution: A 2022 Update." Harvard Business School Supplement 623-011, November 2022. (Revised March 2023.)
      • November 2022 (Revised April 2025)
      • Teaching Note

      Driving Decarbonization at BMW

      By: Shirley Lu, George Serafeim and Michael W. Toffel
      Teaching note in support of the case "Driving Decarbonization at BMW" (HBS No. 123-008) View Details
      Keywords: Decarbonization; Environment; Sustainability; Carbon Accounting; Carbon; Carbon Abatement; Electric Vehicles; Automobiles; Transportation; Environmental Accounting; Accounting; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Technological Innovation; Supply Chain; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Climate Change; Transportation Industry; Auto Industry; Germany; Europe; China; United States
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      Lu, Shirley, George Serafeim, and Michael W. Toffel. "Driving Decarbonization at BMW." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 123-049, November 2022. (Revised April 2025.)
      • November 2022
      • Article

      Opportunity Neglect: An Aversion to Low-probability Gains

      By: Emily Prinsloo, Kate Barasz, Leslie K. John and Michael I. Norton
      Seven preregistered studies (N = 2,890) conducted in the field, lab, and online document opportunity neglect: a tendency to reject opportunities with low probability of success, even when they come with little or no objective cost (e.g., time, money,... View Details
      Keywords: Opportunities; Behavior; Risk and Uncertainty; Success; Perception
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      Prinsloo, Emily, Kate Barasz, Leslie K. John, and Michael I. Norton. "Opportunity Neglect: An Aversion to Low-probability Gains." Psychological Science 33, no. 11 (November 2022): 1857–1866.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for Homebuyer 1

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Data-driven Decision-making; Decisions; Negotiation; Bids and Bidding; Valuation; Consumer Behavior; Real Estate Industry
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for Homebuyer 1." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-016, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for Homebuyer 2

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Decision Making; Measurement and Metrics; Market Timing
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for Homebuyer 2." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-017, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for Homebuyer 3

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Decision Making; Measurement and Metrics; Market Timing
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for Homebuyer 3." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-018, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for iBuyer 1

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithm; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decision Making; Measurement and Metrics; Market Timing
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for iBuyer 1." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-019, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for iBuyer 2

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Decision Making; Market Timing; Measurement and Metrics
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for iBuyer 2." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-020, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for iBuyer 3

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithm; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decision Making; Measurement and Metrics; Market Timing
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Confidential Information for iBuyer 3." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-021, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Exercise

      Shanty Real Estate: Updated Confidential Information for Homebuyer

      By: Michael Luca, Jesse M. Shapiro and Nathan Sun
      Shanty is a simulation in which students inhabit the role of either a traditional home buyer or an iBuyer, both bidding on the same condo. The traditional home buyer has access to a “comp sheet” of similar properties that have recently sold, and has done a walkthrough.... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithm; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decision Making; Market Timing; Measurement and Metrics
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      Luca, Michael, Jesse M. Shapiro, and Nathan Sun. "Shanty Real Estate: Updated Confidential Information for Homebuyer." Harvard Business School Exercise 923-022, October 2022.
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