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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(1,454)
- News (79)
- Research (1,206)
- Events (10)
- Multimedia (2)
- Faculty Publications (753)
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- September 2016
- Case
Designing Performance Metrics at GoDaddy
By: C. Fritz Foley and Michael Lemm
Scott Wagner has recently joined GoDaddy, a leading provider of cloud-based software and services that helped individuals and small businesses establish a web presence, in the dual role of chief operating officer and chief financial officer. One of his first tasks is... View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Management Practices and Processes; Performance Evaluation; Compensation and Benefits; Web Services Industry
Foley, C. Fritz, and Michael Lemm. "Designing Performance Metrics at GoDaddy." Harvard Business School Case 217-004, September 2016.
- 2024
- Working Paper
The Cram Method for Efficient Simultaneous Learning and Evaluation
By: Zeyang Jia, Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li
We introduce the "cram" method, a general and efficient approach to simultaneous learning and evaluation using a generic machine learning (ML) algorithm. In a single pass of batched data, the proposed method repeatedly trains an ML algorithm and tests its empirical... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning
Jia, Zeyang, Kosuke Imai, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "The Cram Method for Efficient Simultaneous Learning and Evaluation." Working Paper, March 2024.
- April 2021
- Article
Evaluating Firm-Level Expected-Return Proxies: Implications for Estimating Treatment Effects
By: Charles M.C. Lee, Eric C. So and Charles C.Y. Wang
We introduce a parsimonious framework for choosing among alternative expected-return proxies (ERPs) when estimating treatment effects. By comparing ERPs’ measurement-error variances in the cross section and in time series, we provide new evidence on the relative... View Details
Keywords: Implied Cost Of Capital; Expected Returns; Cost of Capital; Investment Return; Performance Evaluation
Lee, Charles M.C., Eric C. So, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Evaluating Firm-Level Expected-Return Proxies: Implications for Estimating Treatment Effects." Review of Financial Studies 34, no. 4 (April 2021): 1907–1951.
- Research Summary
Economics of Organization and Firm Performance
A great deal of theoretical and empirical research indicates that economic actors should organize activities so as to minimize the 'transaction costs' associated with managing these activities. But little is known about the consequences of violating this prescription.... View Details
- July 2021
- Case
Performance Review: Joseph Park and Elena Ramírez
By: David G. Fubini and Patrick Sanguineti
Niya Jones, a Partner at a major management consulting firm, must review the work of two of her mentees––Joseph Park and Elena Ramírez––for their first end-of-year performance review as new Project Leaders. Both have produced strong results in their new roles, but... View Details
Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Management Style; Goals and Objectives; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Leadership Style
Fubini, David G., and Patrick Sanguineti. "Performance Review: Joseph Park and Elena Ramírez." Harvard Business School Case 422-008, July 2021.
- 2020
- Article
Mutual Funds: Skill and Performance
By: Jonathan B. Berk, Jules van Binsbergen and Max Miller
The authors summarize the recent literature on mutual fund manager skill and performance. They discuss the latest contributions in the field and reinterpret them through the lens of the rational expectations framework (efficient market hypothesis). They further discuss... View Details
Keywords: Investment Return; Investment Portfolio; Financial Management; Performance Evaluation; Measurement and Metrics
Berk, Jonathan B., Jules van Binsbergen, and Max Miller. "Mutual Funds: Skill and Performance." Journal of Portfolio Management 46, no. 5 (2020): 17–31.
- December 2014
- Article
Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance
By: Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter and Scott Stern
This paper evaluates the role of regional cluster composition in regional industry performance. On the one hand, diminishing returns to specialization in a location can result in a convergence effect: the growth rate of an industry within a region may be declining in... View Details
Delgado, Mercedes, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern. "Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance." Research Policy 43, no. 10 (December 2014): 1785–1799.
- 1 Apr 1978
- Conference Presentation
Effects of Evaluation Expectation on Artistic Creativity
- February 2023
- Supplement
Performance Management at Afreximbank (B)
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Siko Sikochi, Anna Ngarachu and Namrata Arora
Supplements the (A) case. Founded in October 1993, the Cairo-based African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) was a specialized continental financial institution designed to address the low level of intra-African trade, the decline in financial flows to Africa, the... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Performance Evaluation; Organizational Culture; Crisis Management; Banking Industry; Africa
Kaplan, Robert S., Siko Sikochi, Anna Ngarachu, and Namrata Arora. "Performance Management at Afreximbank (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 123-043, February 2023.
- 1992
- Chapter
Making Performance Appraisal Work
By: M. Beer
Keywords: Performance Evaluation
Beer, M. "Making Performance Appraisal Work." In Managing People and Organizations, edited by J. J. Gabarro. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1992.
- 2005
- Report
Measuring Innovation: Evaluation in the Field of Social Entrepreneurship
By: Mark R. Kramer
Social Entrepreneurship has brought a new vision to the field of philanthropy and, with it, a different perspective on evaluation. In fact, many familiar approaches to evaluation in philanthropy miss the key criteria that funders consider essential to success within the... View Details
Kramer, Mark R. "Measuring Innovation: Evaluation in the Field of Social Entrepreneurship." Report, April 2005.
- September 2016
- Supplement
ZenRecruit: Sales Coaching and Performance Reviews
By: Mark N. Roberge
Amara Kaggwa leads the small but rapidly expanding sales team at ZenRecruit, a recruiting software application used by small businesses. Armed with six months of sales performance metrics, Kaggwa is preparing for her monthly performance conversations with two... View Details
- 2012
- Working Paper
Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance
By: Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter and Scott Stern
This paper evaluates the role of regional cluster composition in the economic performance of industries, clusters, and regions. On the one hand, diminishing returns to specialization in a location can result in a convergence effect: the growth rate of an industry... View Details
Delgado, Mercedes, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern. "Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 18250, July 2012.
- Article
Gender Bias, Social Impact Framing, and Evaluation of Entrepreneurial Ventures
By: Matthew Lee and Laura Huang
Recent studies find that female-led ventures are penalized relative to male-led ventures due to role incongruity, or a perceived “lack of fit,” between female stereotypes and expected personal qualities of business entrepreneurs. We examine whether social impact... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Gender; Prejudice and Bias; Framework; Perception; Performance Evaluation
Lee, Matthew, and Laura Huang. "Gender Bias, Social Impact Framing, and Evaluation of Entrepreneurial Ventures." Organization Science 29, no. 1 (January–February 2018): 1–16.
- 27 Nov 2006
- What Do You Think?
What’s to Be Done About Performance Reviews?
suggestions for how to improve them. Typical of these were Thad Juszczak's recommendation that "The process of performance feedback should be continuous." Continuous feedback is an antidote to Hany Derias' concern that "the... View Details
Keywords: by Jim Heskett
- 2025
- Working Paper
Evaluations Amid Measurement Error: Determining the Optimal Timing for Workplace Interventions
By: Matthew DosSantos DiSorbo, Iavor I. Bojinov and Fiammetta Menchetti
Researchers have embraced factorial experiments to simultaneously evaluate multiple treatments, each with different levels. Typically, in large-scale factorial experiments, the primary objective is identifying the treatment with the largest causal effect, especially... View Details
Keywords: Factorial Designs; Fisher Randomizations; Rank Estimators; Employer Interventions; Causal Inference; Mathematical Methods; Performance Improvement
DosSantos DiSorbo, Matthew, Iavor I. Bojinov, and Fiammetta Menchetti. "Evaluations Amid Measurement Error: Determining the Optimal Timing for Workplace Interventions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-075, June 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
- 21 May 2019
- Working Paper Summaries
rTSR: When Do Relative Performance Metrics Capture Relative Performance?
- March – April 2008
- Article
Interorganizational Trust, Governance Choice, and Exchange Performance
By: Ranjay Gulati and Jackson Nickerson
This paper looks at when and how preexisting interorganizational trust influences the choice of governance and in turn the performance of exchange relationships. We theorize that preexisting interorganizational trust complements the choice of governance mode (make,... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Organizational Culture; Performance Improvement; Conflict and Resolution; Trust
Gulati, Ranjay, and Jackson Nickerson. "Interorganizational Trust, Governance Choice, and Exchange Performance." Organization Science 19, no. 2 (March–April 2008): 1–21.
- December 1999 (Revised December 2012)
- Background Note
Measuring Interim Period Performance
By: David F. Hawkins
Covers interim period accounting objectives, theories, and practices. Special financial analysis concerns related to this topic are discussed. A rewritten version of an earlier note. View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Business Ventures; Policy; Management Practices and Processes; Measurement and Metrics; Performance Evaluation
Hawkins, David F. "Measuring Interim Period Performance." Harvard Business School Background Note 100-002, December 1999. (Revised December 2012.)
- 2009
- Working Paper
Specific Knowledge and Divisional Performance Measurement
By: Michael C. Jensen and William H. Meckling
This paper discusses five common divisional performance measurement methods—cost centers, revenue centers, profit centers, investment centers, and expense centers—providing a theory that explains when each of these methods is likely to be the most efficient. The... View Details
Keywords: Business Units; Business Headquarters; Decisions; Cost; Investment; Investment Return; Profit; Revenue; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Managerial Roles; Performance Efficiency; Strategy
Jensen, Michael C., and William H. Meckling. "Specific Knowledge and Divisional Performance Measurement." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-025, September 2009.