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- All HBS Web (1,582)
- Faculty Publications (271)
- 26 Mar 2014
- Research & Ideas
How Electronic Patient Records Can Slow Doctor Productivity
Digital record-keeping is slowly but inevitably replacing paper records everywhere from the pilot's cockpit to the registry of motor vehicles. But if implemented without proper consideration of how work gets done, the results can make View Details
- 21 Mar 2018
- Research & Ideas
Why Artificial Intelligence Isn't a Sure Thing to Increase Productivity
iStock Thinking about the fast-approaching era of artificial intelligence, employers rejoice in the increases to productivity such tools could bring, while workers are more likely to calculate the time left before R2-D2 takes over their... View Details
- 02 Apr 2024
- Research & Ideas
Employees Out Sick? Inside One Company's Creative Approach to Staying Productive
can’t control absenteeism, and you don’t know when you will receive an order for a very important buyer,” he says. “So how do you execute your strategy?” While studying a factory in India, Tamayo found one efficient way businesses can remain View Details
- 12 Mar 2024
- Research & Ideas
Publish or Perish: What the Research Says About Productivity in Academia
To succeed in academia, professors often feel the pressure to “publish or perish.” But in evaluating professors’ productivity based on total published studies and grant funding, are institutions overlooking other factors that affect a... View Details
- 2001
- Chapter
Publicly Funded Science and the Productivity of the Pharmaceutical Industry
By: Rebecca Henderson and Ian Cockburn
U.S. taxpayers funded $14.8 billion of health related research last year, four times the amount that was spent in 1970 in real terms. In this paper we evaluate the impact of these huge expenditures on the technological performance of the pharmaceutical industry. While... View Details
Keywords: Public Sector; Science-Based Business; Research and Development; Sovereign Finance; Pharmaceutical Industry
Henderson, Rebecca, and Ian Cockburn. "Publicly Funded Science and the Productivity of the Pharmaceutical Industry." In Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1, edited by Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern, 1–34. MIT Press, 2001.
- Web
What We Learned in Three Charts: Innovation, Tariffs, and Gig Work | Working Knowledge
300,000 products analyzed, the prices of goods imported from China have increased the most. 3. Gig work might not be great for one's well-being Gig work might offer flexibility, but research by Ryan Buell and Paige Tsai reveals important... View Details
- Web
In Charts: Like Einstein, Global Inventors Bring Big Ideas Across Borders | Working Knowledge
They’re highly productive and tend to become a field’s “superstars,” exerting growing influence. “As such, they are among the few inventors able to transfer knowledge across borders, sharing it with locals,... View Details
- June 2023
- Article
How New Ideas Diffuse in Science
By: Mengjie Cheng, Daniel Scott Smith, Xiang Ren, Hancheng Cao, Sanne Smith and Daniel A. McFarland
What conditions help new ideas spread? Can knowledge entrepreneurs’ position and develop new ideas in ways that help them take off? Most innovation research focuses on products and their reference. That focus ignores the ideas themselves and the broader ideational... View Details
Keywords: Innovation Adoption; Natural Language Processing; Knowledge; Science; Innovation and Invention; Knowledge Sharing; Analytics and Data Science
Cheng, Mengjie, Daniel Scott Smith, Xiang Ren, Hancheng Cao, Sanne Smith, and Daniel A. McFarland. "How New Ideas Diffuse in Science." American Sociological Review 88, no. 3 (June 2023): 522–561.
- 16 Jun 2003
- Research & Ideas
Researchers Contribute Globalization of Markets Papers
Twenty years has provided time to judge the success or failure of Theodore Levitt's predictions of a global economy populated by standardized products and marketing approaches. For the colloquium, a number of Harvard Business School and... View Details
Keywords: by Working Knowledge editors
- May 2013 (Revised May 2014)
- Case
Innovation at the Boston Consulting Group
By: Robert G. Eccles, Das Narayandas and Penelope Rossano
This case is about how the Boston Consulting Group has approached innovation from its founding to the present day. It discusses the role of the firm's talent market and client market in developing these innovations. View Details
Keywords: Innovation; Strategy Consulting; Professional Service Firm; Knowledge Management; Client Management; Product Development; Leadership; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Value and Value Chain; Independent Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Value Creation; Consulting Industry
Eccles, Robert G., Das Narayandas, and Penelope Rossano. "Innovation at the Boston Consulting Group." Harvard Business School Case 313-137, May 2013. (Revised May 2014.)
- 08 Aug 2023
- Research & Ideas
The Rise of Employee Analytics: Productivity Dream or Micromanagement Nightmare?
example, behavioral data can help sales teams optimize their outreach tactics. It could highlight bottlenecks in engineering, product development, and factory operations. “The idea here is that organizations can help employees use their... View Details
Keywords: by Ben Rand
- 21 Nov 2023
- Op-Ed
The Beauty Industry: Products for a Healthy Glow or a Compact for Harm?
In my recently published book Deeply Responsible Business, I write about business leaders since the 19th century who have acted responsibly, often by putting the welfare of their communities above the idea of maximizing profits. I make a sharp distinction between... View Details
- 2018
- Article
Prior Ties and the Limits of Peer Effects on Startup Team Performance
By: Sharique Hasan and Rembrand Koning
We conduct a field experiment at an entrepreneurship bootcamp to investigate whether interaction with proximate peers shapes a nascent startup team's performance. We find that teams whose members lack prior ties to others at the bootcamp experience peer effects that... View Details
Keywords: Field Experiment; Peer Effects; Office Space; Knowledge Spillovers; Accelerators; Entrepreneurship; Knowledge Sharing; Performance; Technology Industry; India
Hasan, Sharique, and Rembrand Koning. "Prior Ties and the Limits of Peer Effects on Startup Team Performance." Strategic Management Journal 40, no. 9 (September 2019): 1394–1416.
- 2014
- Chapter
Mergers and Acquisitions and Innovation
By: Gautam Ahuja and Elena Novelli
This article (a) identifies the different theoretical perspectives and abstractions used to conceptualize the M&A–Innovation relationship; (b) reviews the literature on antecedents, consequences, and integration of M&A in the context of innovation; and (c) identifies... View Details
Keywords: Mergers; Acquisitions; Innovation; Knowledge-bases; Knowledge; Mergers and Acquisitions; Innovation and Invention
Ahuja, Gautam, and Elena Novelli. "Mergers and Acquisitions and Innovation." Chap. 29 in The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, edited by Mark Dodgson, David Gann, and Nelson Phillips, 579–599. Oxford University Press, 2014.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Generative AI and the Nature of Work
By: Manuel Hoffmann, Sam Boysel, Frank Nagle, Sida Peng and Kevin Xu
Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology demonstrate a considerable potential
to complement human capital intensive activities. While an emerging literature documents wide-ranging
productivity effects of AI, relatively little attention has been paid... View Details
Keywords: Generative Ai; Digital Work; Open Source Software; Knowledge Economy; AI and Machine Learning; Open Source Distribution; Organizational Structure; Performance Productivity; Labor
Hoffmann, Manuel, Sam Boysel, Frank Nagle, Sida Peng, and Kevin Xu. "Generative AI and the Nature of Work." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-021, October 2024. (Revised April 2025.)
- June 2014
- Article
Building Brand Knowledge Structures: Elaboration and Interference Effects on the Processing of Sequentially Advertised Brand Benefit Claims
By: Susan E. Heckler, Kevin L. Keller, Michael J. Houston and Jill Avery
Two experiments are reported that examine the effects of an ad campaign designed to link two different benefit claims to a brand. The findings indicated that recall for a subsequently advertised claim depended on the strength of existing brand-benefit links in memory.... View Details
Keywords: Marketing Communication; Brand Building; Brand Management; Brands; Advertising; Consumer Psychology; Advertising Campaigns; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry
Heckler, Susan E., Kevin L. Keller, Michael J. Houston, and Jill Avery. "Building Brand Knowledge Structures: Elaboration and Interference Effects on the Processing of Sequentially Advertised Brand Benefit Claims." Journal of Marketing Communications 20, no. 3 (June 2014): 176–196.
- 27 Jun 2024
- Research & Ideas
Gen AI Marketing: How Some 'Gibberish' Code Can Give Products an Edge
It’s the new way of comparison shopping in the age of large language models (LLM): Tapping into AI-driven search engines for research and advice on which products to buy. But can consumers trust the recommendations to be impartial? New... View Details
- March–April 2025
- Article
Strategy in an Era of Abundant Expertise: How to Thrive When AI Makes Knowledge and Know-How Cheaper and Easier to Access
By: Bobby Yerramilli-Rao, John Corwin, Yang Li and Karim R. Lakhani
The AI era is in its early stages, and the technology is evolving extremely quickly. Providers are rapidly introducing AI "copilots," "bots," and "assistants" into applications to augment employees' workflows. Examples include GitHub Copilot for coding, ServiceNow... View Details
Keywords: AI; AI and Machine Learning; Performance Productivity; Experience and Expertise; Technology Adoption
Yerramilli-Rao, Bobby, John Corwin, Yang Li, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Strategy in an Era of Abundant Expertise: How to Thrive When AI Makes Knowledge and Know-How Cheaper and Easier to Access." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 2 (March–April 2025): 72–81.
- Forthcoming
- Article
Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Engagement with Open Source Communities, Innovation, and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub
By: Annamaria Conti, Christian Peukert and Maria P. Roche
We study the engagement of nascent firms with open source communities and its implications for innovation and attracting funding. To do so, we link data on 160,065 U.S. startups from Crunchbase to their activities on the open source software development platform... View Details
Keywords: Startups; Knowledge; Open Source Communities; GitHub; Machine Learning; Innovation; Business Startups; Venture Capital; Information Technology; Strategy
Conti, Annamaria, Christian Peukert, and Maria P. Roche. "Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Engagement with Open Source Communities, Innovation, and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub." Organization Science (forthcoming). (Pre-published online March 7, 2025.)