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- All HBS Web
(3,759)
- People (13)
- News (880)
- Research (1,993)
- Events (33)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (800)
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- 2022
- Article
OpenXAI: Towards a Transparent Evaluation of Model Explanations
By: Chirag Agarwal, Satyapriya Krishna, Eshika Saxena, Martin Pawelczyk, Nari Johnson, Isha Puri, Marinka Zitnik and Himabindu Lakkaraju
While several types of post hoc explanation methods have been proposed in recent literature, there is very little work on systematically benchmarking these methods. Here, we introduce OpenXAI, a comprehensive and extensible opensource framework for evaluating and... View Details
Agarwal, Chirag, Satyapriya Krishna, Eshika Saxena, Martin Pawelczyk, Nari Johnson, Isha Puri, Marinka Zitnik, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "OpenXAI: Towards a Transparent Evaluation of Model Explanations." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2022).
- 2016
- Working Paper
Financial Regulation in a Quantitative Model of the Modern Banking System
By: Juliane Begenau and Tim Landvoigt
How does the shadow banking system respond to changes in the capital regulation of commercial banks? This paper builds a quantitative general equilibrium model with commercial banks and shadow banks to study the unintended consequences of capital requirements. A key... View Details
Begenau, Juliane, and Tim Landvoigt. "Financial Regulation in a Quantitative Model of the Modern Banking System." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-140, June 2016. (Revised July 2016.)
- 1980
- Working Paper
Components of Manufacturing Inventories: A Structural Model of the Production Process
By: Alan J. Auerbach and Jerry R. Green
This paper presents a structural model of production and inventory accumulation based on the hypothesis of cost minimization. It differs from previous attempts in several respects. First, it integrates the analysis of input inventories with output inventories, treating... View Details
Auerbach, Alan J., and Jerry R. Green. "Components of Manufacturing Inventories: A Structural Model of the Production Process." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 491, June 1980.
- March 2024 (Revised April 2024)
- Case
Angel City Football Club: Scoring a New Model
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Jennifer Fonstad and Nicole Tempest Keller
In January 2024, Kara Nortman, Julie Uhrman, and Natalie Portman, the founders of Angel City Football Club (ACFC) were developing the club’s first three-year strategic plan. Founded in 2020, ACFC had a star-studded investor group, including Portman and celebrities such... View Details
Keywords: Sports; Entertainment; Entrepreneurship; Brands and Branding; Venture Capital; Business Model; Corporate Strategy; Digital Marketing; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; United States; California; Los Angeles
Rayport, Jeffrey F., Jennifer Fonstad, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Angel City Football Club: Scoring a New Model." Harvard Business School Case 824-192, March 2024. (Revised April 2024.)
- 2016
- Working Paper
Capital Requirements, Risk Choice, and Liquidity Provision in a Business Cycle Model
By: Juliane Begenau
This paper develops a quantitative dynamic general equilibrium model in which households' preferences for safe and liquid assets constitute a violation of Modigliani and Miller. I show that the scarcity of these coveted assets created by increased bank capital... View Details
Keywords: Capital Requirement; Bank Regulation; Demand For Safe Assets; Business Cycles; Bank Lending; Risk Management; Financial Liquidity; Financing and Loans; Capital; Banks and Banking
Begenau, Juliane. "Capital Requirements, Risk Choice, and Liquidity Provision in a Business Cycle Model." Working Paper. (Revised September 2016.)
- 08 Jul 2002
- Research & Ideas
How to Fashion Your New E-Business Model
flexibility were limited. The new e-business models emerging on the Internet can be classified within one or more of the generic market roles. In addition, the models can be... View Details
Keywords: by Lynda M. Applegate
- 2023
- Working Paper
Nailing Prediction: Experimental Evidence on the Value of Tools in Predictive Model Development
By: Daniel Yue, Paul Hamilton and Iavor Bojinov
Predictive model development is understudied despite its centrality in modern artificial
intelligence and machine learning business applications. Although prior discussions
highlight advances in methods (along the dimensions of data, computing power, and
algorithms)... View Details
Keywords: Analytics and Data Science
Yue, Daniel, Paul Hamilton, and Iavor Bojinov. "Nailing Prediction: Experimental Evidence on the Value of Tools in Predictive Model Development." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-029, December 2022. (Revised April 2023.)
- 15 Jan 2018
- Research & Ideas
A Better Business Model for Fighting Cancer
fully enroll in clinical trials, Hamermesh says. “We’re not just looking for anyone with pancreatic cancer—it’s patients with these three particular mutations.” That underlines the importance of making patients aware of the benefits of knowing their cancer subtype, he... View Details
- 27 Jul 2019
- Op-Ed
Does Facebook's Business Model Threaten Our Elections?
technology-driven efforts to sway their votes, and from as far away as Russia, according to US government claims. Social media in general and Facebook specifically were the primary weapons of choice. It worked so well that spending by US... View Details
Keywords: by George Riedel
- May–June 2021
- Article
Capturing Value in Platform Business Models that Rely on User-Generated Content
By: Hemang Subramanian, Sabyasachi Mitra and Sam Ransbotham
Business models increasingly depend on inputs from outside traditional organizational boundaries. For example, platforms that generate revenue from advertising, subscription, or referral fees often rely on user-generated content (UGC). But there is considerable... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Network Effects; Mergers and Acquisitions; Valuation; Risk and Uncertainty
Subramanian, Hemang, Sabyasachi Mitra, and Sam Ransbotham. "Capturing Value in Platform Business Models that Rely on User-Generated Content." Organization Science 32, no. 3 (May–June 2021): 804–823.
- 2011
- Working Paper
The Impact of Horizontal Mergers and Acquisitions in Price Competition Models
The question of what impact mergers and acquisitions have on key equilibrium performance measures is fundamental to our understanding of competitive dynamics in an oligopolistic industry. We address these questions in the context of price competition models with... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Cost; Price; Profit; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Performance Efficiency; Mathematical Methods; Competition
Federgruen, Awi, and Margaret P. Pierson. "The Impact of Horizontal Mergers and Acquisitions in Price Competition Models." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-031, October 2011.
- December 2024
- Case
Enerjisa Üretim: The Digital Era of Electricity Generation
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Sadika El Hariri
Launched in 2017, Enerjisa Üretim was one of Türkiye’s largest private sector electricity companies. In its early days, the company faced some financial and operational troubles. When İhsan Erbil Bayçöl, the current CEO of Enerjisa Üretim, joined the business in 2018,... View Details
Keywords: Private Sector; Performance Improvement; Renewable Energy; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Units; Partners and Partnerships; Leadership; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Turkey
Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Sadika El Hariri. "Enerjisa Üretim: The Digital Era of Electricity Generation." Harvard Business School Case 625-022, December 2024.
- November 2024 (Revised April 2025)
- Case
Cheerful Music
By: Shunyuan Zhang, Feng Zhu and Nancy Hua Dai
Established by Snow Jiang in 2019 in Shenzhen, China, Cheerful Music was a record label company that had created many hit songs in China. “Yi Xiao Jiang Hu,” its most famous hit song, gained billions of views on social media platforms in China and overseas as the... View Details
Keywords: Generative Ai; Music Entertainment; Global Strategy; Business Model; AI and Machine Learning; Market Entry and Exit; Music Industry; China; United Kingdom; London
Zhang, Shunyuan, Feng Zhu, and Nancy Hua Dai. "Cheerful Music." Harvard Business School Case 525-031, November 2024. (Revised April 2025.)
- December 1992 (Revised September 1995)
- Exercise
Negotiation Exercise on Tradeable Pollution Allowances: General Background Information
Designed to teach students about the trade-offs faced by firms exploring alternative approaches to complying with pollution control regulations. The setting is the U.S. electric utility industry in 1993. In accordance with the provisions of the 1990 Clean Air Act,... View Details
Keywords: Negotiation; Pollutants; Laws and Statutes; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governance Compliance; Utilities Industry; United States
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Negotiation Exercise on Tradeable Pollution Allowances: General Background Information." Harvard Business School Exercise 793-072, December 1992. (Revised September 1995.)
- 2024
- Working Paper
Old Moats for New Models: Openness, Control, and Competition in Generative AI
By: Pierre Azoulay, Joshua L. Krieger and Abhishek Nagaraj
Drawing insights from the field of innovation economics, we discuss the likely competitive environment shaping generative AI advances. Central to our analysis are the concepts of appropriability—whether firms in the industry are able to control the knowledge generated... View Details
Azoulay, Pierre, Joshua L. Krieger, and Abhishek Nagaraj. "Old Moats for New Models: Openness, Control, and Competition in Generative AI." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 7442, May 2024.
- Research Summary
A Model of Delegation in Contests (with Stefan Brandauer), 2004
We analyze a contest between two groups where group members have differing valuations for the contested rent. Generically the pivotal group member with the median valuation of the rent will not act himself but will want to send a group member that has preferences... View Details
- Article
Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects
By: Juan Alcácer, Wilbur Chung, Ashton Hawk and Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida
Strategy aims at understanding the differential effects of firms’ actions on performance. However, standard regression models estimate only the average effects of these actions across firms. Our paper discusses how random coefficient models (RCMs) may generate new... View Details
Alcácer, Juan, Wilbur Chung, Ashton Hawk, and Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida. "Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects." Strategy Science 3, no. 3 (September 2018): 481–553.
- 1994
- Article
Three-dimensional Finite Element Modeling of a Cervical Vertebra: An Investigation of Burst Fracture Mechanism
By: Kevin J. Bozic, J H Keyak, H B Skinner, H U Bueff and David Bradford
Finite element modeling was used to study the mechanical behavior of a cervical vertebra under axial compressive loading. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element (FE) model of a mid-cervical vertebra using inhomogeneous material properties was generated from... View Details
- February 21, 2025
- Article
How a Company’s Ownership Model Shapes the Mistakes It Makes
By: Josh Baron
Why do some companies continue to thrive for decades and others die after an initial run of success? Like many kinds of accidents, company failure is generally the consequence of cascading effects that combine to overwhelm a previously effective strategy. But the... View Details
Baron, Josh. "How a Company’s Ownership Model Shapes the Mistakes It Makes." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (February 21, 2025).
- July 16, 2016
- Article
A Game Theoretic Model for Resource Allocation Among Countermeasures with Multiple Attributes
By: Elisabeth C. Paulson, Igor Linkov and Jeffrey Keisler
We study a strategic, two-player, sequential game between an attacker and defender. The defender must allocate resources amongst possible countermeasures and across possible targets. The attacker then chooses a type of threat and a target to attack. This paper proposes... View Details
Paulson, Elisabeth C., Igor Linkov, and Jeffrey Keisler. "A Game Theoretic Model for Resource Allocation Among Countermeasures with Multiple Attributes." European Journal of Operational Research 252, no. 2 (July 16, 2016): 610–622.