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  • All HBS Web  (5,098)
    • People  (2)
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← Page 49 of 5,098 Results →
  • 2023
  • Working Paper

The Optimal Stock Valuation Ratio

By: Sebastian Hillenbrand and Odhrain McCarthy
Trailing price ratios, such as the price-dividend and the price-earnings ratio, scale prices by trailing cash flow measures. They theoretically contain expected returns, yet, their performance in predicting stock market returns is poor. This is because of an omitted... View Details
Keywords: Price; Investment Return; AI and Machine Learning; Valuation; Cash Flow; Forecasting and Prediction
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Hillenbrand, Sebastian, and Odhrain McCarthy. "The Optimal Stock Valuation Ratio." Working Paper, November 2023.
  • October 2022 (Revised May 2023)
  • Case

Ginkgo Bioworks vs. Scorpion Capital: The Debate Over Related-Party Revenues

By: Aiyesha Dey, Jonas Heese, Suraj Srinivasan and Annelena Lobb
Ginkgo Bioworks, a synthetic biology company based in Boston, Massachusetts, faced divergent views on its revenue possibilities and accounting practices. After a report emerged accusing it of fraudulent accounting and lack of innovation, its share price plunged. But... View Details
Keywords: Fraud Allegations; Revenue; Reports; Accounting Audits; Innovation and Management; Investment; Biotechnology Industry; Boston
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Dey, Aiyesha, Jonas Heese, Suraj Srinivasan, and Annelena Lobb. "Ginkgo Bioworks vs. Scorpion Capital: The Debate Over Related-Party Revenues." Harvard Business School Case 123-037, October 2022. (Revised May 2023.)
  • January 2023
  • Case

EKI Energy Services: One Billion Carbon Credits

By: George Serafeim
Within nine months from the time of its Initial Public Offering (IPO) in April of 2021, EKI Energy Services (EKI) shares had increased by more than 8,000%. Equally explosive was the growth of the company’s revenues and Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation... View Details
Keywords: Carbon Credits; Carbon Emissions; Growth; Business Analysis; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Valuation; Climate Change; Accounting; Valuation; Transition; Renewable Energy; Analysis; Product Positioning; India
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Serafeim, George. "EKI Energy Services: One Billion Carbon Credits." Harvard Business School Case 123-060, January 2023.
  • July 1991 (Revised June 1992)
  • Case

Retail Promotional Pricing: When Is a Sale Really a Sale? (A)

Addresses the controversy that surrounds highly promotional retail pricing referred to as "high-low pricing" by the trade. High-low pricing involves setting prices at an initially high level for a brief period of time, then discounting off the so-called "regular" or... View Details
Keywords: Courts and Trials; Price; Ethics; Consumer Behavior; Product Marketing; Retail Industry; Colorado
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Ortmeyer, Gwendolyn K. "Retail Promotional Pricing: When Is a Sale Really a Sale? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 591-111, July 1991. (Revised June 1992.)
  • April 2005 (Revised February 2006)
  • Background Note

Note on Option Valuation

For every option, a fair price has to be established. But how do you actually price an option? Assuming a basic knowledge of options, this note covers two pricing methods: the binominal tree and the Black-Scholes/Merton formula. View Details
Keywords: Valuation; Stock Options
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Chacko, George C., Peter A. Hecht, Vincent Dessain, and Anders Sjoman. "Note on Option Valuation." Harvard Business School Background Note 205-106, April 2005. (Revised February 2006.)
  • February 1977 (Revised December 1985)
  • Case

Deere & Co.: Industrial Equipment Operations

By: Benson P. Shapiro
Describes the pricing of Deere's crawler tractors used in a variety of construction and industrial applications. Includes a strategic, multimillion-dollar move into the large bulldozer market as well as the pricing of tractors, accessories, and parts. View Details
Keywords: Machinery and Machining; Price; Brands and Branding; Market Entry and Exit; Manufacturing Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Construction Industry; United States
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Shapiro, Benson P. "Deere & Co.: Industrial Equipment Operations." Harvard Business School Case 577-112, February 1977. (Revised December 1985.)
  • 2024
  • Working Paper

Consumer Inertia and Market Power

By: Alexander MacKay and Marc Remer
We study the pricing decisions of firms in the presence of consumer inertia. Inertia, which can arise from habit formation, brand loyalty, and switching costs, generates dynamic pricing incentives. These incentives mediate the impact of competition on market power in... View Details
Keywords: Consumer Inertia; Market Power; Dynamic Competition; Demand Estimation; Consumer Behavior; Markets; Performance; Competition; Price
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MacKay, Alexander, and Marc Remer. "Consumer Inertia and Market Power." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-111, April 2019. (Revised January 2024. Direct download.)
  • 22 Oct 2020
  • Working Paper Summaries

Estimating Causal Effects in the Presence of Partial Interference Using Multivariate Bayesian Structural Time Series Models

Keywords: by Fiammetta Menchetti and Iavor Bojinov
  • March 2019 (Revised July 2020)
  • Case

MoviePass: The 'Get Big Fast' Strategy

By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel W. Fisher
In August 2017, MoviePass dramatically lowered its subscription price from $50 per month to just $10 for up to one movie per day. The idea was to rapidly scale the business to the point where they could generate incremental revenue streams from related businesses... View Details
Keywords: Market Entry; Growth Strategy; Profit Vs. Growth; Subscription Business; Cash Burn; Data Analytics; Get-big-fast; Buyer Power; Strategy Implementation; Movie Industry; Racing; Entrepreneurship; Market Entry and Exit; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Disruption; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; United States
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Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel W. Fisher. "MoviePass: The 'Get Big Fast' Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 719-455, March 2019. (Revised July 2020.)
  • 2018
  • Working Paper

Diagnostic Bubbles

By: Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli, Spencer Yongwook Kwon and Andrei Shleifer
We introduce diagnostic expectations into a standard setting of price formation in which investors learn about the fundamental value of an asset and trade it. We study the interaction of diagnostic expectations with two well-known mechanisms: learning from prices and... View Details
Keywords: Bubbles; Price Bubble; Mathematical Methods
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Bordalo, Pedro, Nicola Gennaioli, Spencer Yongwook Kwon, and Andrei Shleifer. "Diagnostic Bubbles." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25399, December 2018.
  • Article

Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from U.S. Trade Policy

By: Alberto Cavallo, Gita Gopinath, Brent Neiman and Jenny Tang
We use micro data collected at the border and the store to characterize the price impact of recent US trade policy on importers, exporters, and consumers. At the border, import tariff passthrough is much higher than exchange rate passthrough. Chinese exporters did not... View Details
Keywords: Trade Policy; Tariffs; Exchange Rate Passthrough; Economics; Trade; Policy; Currency Exchange Rate; Price; United States
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Cavallo, Alberto, Gita Gopinath, Brent Neiman, and Jenny Tang. "Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from U.S. Trade Policy." American Economic Review: Insights 3, no. 1 (March 2021).
  • August 1993 (Revised June 1994)
  • Case

21-Speed Gizmos, Inc.

In this hypothetical case, 21-Speed Gizmos, Inc., a manufacturer of electronic bicycle components for the serious cyclist, must decide what price to charge for a new product. Describes the product and includes cost and demand information available for making the... View Details
Keywords: Price; Decision Making; Product Marketing; Manufacturing Industry
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Dhebar, Anirudh S. "21-Speed Gizmos, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 594-024, August 1993. (Revised June 1994.)
  • August 2008 (Revised June 2010)
  • Case

Concha y Toro

By: Rohit Deshpande, Gustavo A. Herrero and Ezequiel Reficco
Chile's largest wine producer faces a price versus value positioning problem. Its highest quality wines are not priced competitively at retail because "Made in Chile" connotes great value and low price. View Details
Keywords: Price; Brands and Branding; Product Positioning; Value; Food and Beverage Industry; Chile
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Deshpande, Rohit, Gustavo A. Herrero, and Ezequiel Reficco. "Concha y Toro." Harvard Business School Case 509-018, August 2008. (Revised June 2010.)
  • 04 Apr 2016
  • HBS Seminar

Ariel Stern, Harvard Business School

  • Research Summary

The Asymmetric Effect of Discount Retraction on Subsequent Choice

This paper examines the subsequent impact of a temporary price discount on brand preference after the promotion is retracted. Theorizing that price salience has an impact on price sensitivity, we propose that the effects of retracting a discount depend on the promoted... View Details
  • February 2006 (Revised February 2009)
  • Case

AIDS in Brazil

By: Rohit Deshpande and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho
Abbott Labs has reached an impasse with the Brazilian government in negotiations over the pricing of a new anti-AIDS drug, Kaletra. The Brazilian government threatens compulsory licensing unless Abbott drastically reduces the price of Kaletra. View Details
Keywords: Price; Government and Politics; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Rights; Negotiation; Business and Government Relations; Pharmaceutical Industry; Brazil
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Deshpande, Rohit, and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho. "AIDS in Brazil." Harvard Business School Case 506-062, February 2006. (Revised February 2009.)
  • September 1987
  • Article

Short-term and Long-term Expectations of the Yen/Dollar Exchange Rate: Evidence from Survey Data

By: J. Frankel and K. A. Froot
Keywords: Currencies; Exchange Rates; Asset Pricing; International Macroeconomics; Monetary Policy; Currency Controls; Fixed Exchange Rates; Floating Exchange Rates; Currency Bands; Currency Zones; Currency Areas; Rational Expectations; Japan; United States
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Frankel, J., and K. A. Froot. "Short-term and Long-term Expectations of the Yen/Dollar Exchange Rate: Evidence from Survey Data." Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 1 (September 1987): 249–274. (Revised from NBER Working Paper No. 2216, April 1987.)
  • December 1986
  • Article

Understanding the U.S. Dollar in the Eighties: The Expectations of Chartists and Fundamentalists

By: J. Frankel and K. A. Froot
Keywords: Currencies; Exchange Rates; Asset Pricing; International Macroeconomics; Monetary Policy; Currency Controls; Fixed Exchange Rates; Floating Exchange Rates; Currency Bands; Currency Zones; Currency Areas; Rational Expectations; History; Performance Expectations; Economics; United States
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Frankel, J., and K. A. Froot. "Understanding the U.S. Dollar in the Eighties: The Expectations of Chartists and Fundamentalists." Special Issue Economic Record (December 1986): 24–38. (Reprinted in Exchange Rate Economics, vol. I, edited by R. MacDonald and M. Taylor, International Library of Critical Writings in Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, U.K., 1992.)
  • January 2009 (Revised November 2010)
  • Case

The Dojima Rice Market and the Origins of Futures Trading

By: David A. Moss and Eugene Kintgen
In 1730, Japanese merchants petitioned shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune to officially authorize trade in rice futures at the Dojima Exchange, the world's first organized (but unsanctioned) futures market. For many years, the Japanese government had prohibited the trade of... View Details
Keywords: Futures and Commodity Futures; Price; Food; Business History; Market Transactions; Business and Government Relations; Japan
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Moss, David A., and Eugene Kintgen. "The Dojima Rice Market and the Origins of Futures Trading." Harvard Business School Case 709-044, January 2009. (Revised November 2010.)
  • January 1994 (Revised November 2002)
  • Case

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

By: Stephen P. Bradley and Pankaj Ghemawat
Focuses on the evolution of Wal-Mart's remarkably successful discount operations and describes the company's more recent attempts to diversify into other businesses. The company has entered the warehouse club industry with its Sam's Clubs and the grocery business with... View Details
Keywords: Stocks; Price; Marketing Channels; Competitive Strategy; Diversification; Information Technology
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Bradley, Stephen P., and Pankaj Ghemawat. "Wal-Mart Stores, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 794-024, January 1994. (Revised November 2002.)
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