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    • All HBS Web  (120,178)
      • Faculty Publications  (186)

      PatentsRemove Patents →

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      • May 2014
      • Supplement

      RCA: Color Television and the Department of Justice (B)

      By: Willy C. Shih and Gregory Dieterich
      This case is a supplement to 614-072, which examines the early history of the color television receiver market, and the global consequences of an historic 1958 consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice that opened RCA's patents to licensing by domestic... View Details
      Keywords: Intellectual Property; Patents; Rights; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Business History; Information Technology; Information Infrastructure; Communications Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Electronics Industry; United States; Japan
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      Shih, Willy C., and Gregory Dieterich. "RCA: Color Television and the Department of Justice (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 614-073, May 2014.
      • May 2014 (Revised July 2016)
      • Case

      RCA: Color Television and the Department of Justice (A)

      By: Willy C. Shih and Gregory Dieterich
      This case examines the early history of the color television receiver market and the global consequences of an historic 1958 consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice that opened RCA's patents to licensing by domestic competitors royalty-free. This externality... View Details
      Keywords: Intellectual Property; Patents; Rights; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Business History; Information Technology; Information Infrastructure; Communications Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Electronics Industry; United States; Japan
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      Shih, Willy C., and Gregory Dieterich. "RCA: Color Television and the Department of Justice (A)." Harvard Business School Case 614-072, May 2014. (Revised July 2016.)
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Bio-Piracy or Prospering Together? Fuzzy Set and Qualitative Analysis of Herbal Patenting by Firms

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tarun Khanna
      Since the 1990s, several Western firms have filed patents based on medicinal herbs from emerging markets, evoking protests from local stakeholders against 'bio-piracy'. We explore conditions under which firms and local stakeholders share rents from such patents. Our... View Details
      Keywords: Rents From New Technology; Local Stakeholders; Herbal Patents; QCA; Fuzzy Set Analysis; Qualitative Case Studies; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Patents; Emerging Markets; Health Care and Treatment; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Tarun Khanna. "Bio-Piracy or Prospering Together? Fuzzy Set and Qualitative Analysis of Herbal Patenting by Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-081, February 2014.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Information Provision and Innovation: Natural Experiment of Herbal Patent Prior Art Adoption at the United States and European Patent Offices

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tarun Khanna
      We exploit a natural experiment to study how codifying information about prior innovation affects subsequent innovation. A codified database of traditional Indian herbal formulations was adopted by the European Patent Office (EPO) and the U.S. Patent and Trademark... View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Ethnicity; Health Care and Treatment; Pharmaceutical Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; China; India
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Tarun Khanna. "Information Provision and Innovation: Natural Experiment of Herbal Patent Prior Art Adoption at the United States and European Patent Offices." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-079, February 2014. (Revised January 2018.)
      • January 2014
      • Supplement

      Fred Khosravi and AccessClosure (C)

      By: Richard Hamermesh and Lauren Barley
      On September 11, 2013, the three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit denied St. Jude's request to rehear an appeal on the "double patenting" ruling for the '439 patent. Further, it removed the injunction threat that was hanging over the... View Details
      Keywords: Medical Devices; Vascular Closure Device; Patent Litigation; Patenting; Biomedical Research; Biotechnology; Biotech; Technological Innovation; Patents; Health Care and Treatment; Biotechnology Industry; United States
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      Hamermesh, Richard, and Lauren Barley. "Fred Khosravi and AccessClosure (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 814-074, January 2014.
      • January 2014
      • Article

      The Consequences of Entrepreneurial Finance: Evidence from Angel Financings

      By: William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner and Antoinette Schoar
      This paper documents that ventures that are funded by two successful angel groups experience superior outcomes to rejected ventures: they have improved survival, exits, employment, patenting, web traffic, and financing. We use strong discontinuities in angel funding... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Financing and Loans; Interests; Employment; Patents; Internet and the Web; Operations; Entrepreneurship; Business Exit or Shutdown
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      Kerr, William R., Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar. "The Consequences of Entrepreneurial Finance: Evidence from Angel Financings." Review of Financial Studies 27, no. 1 (January 2014): 20–55.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns

      By: William R. Kerr
      This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and... View Details
      Keywords: Exports; Comparative Advantage; Technological Transfer; Innovation; Networks; Patents; Residency; Technology Adoption; Trade; Research and Development; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-039, November 2013. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 19657, November 2013.)
      • October 2013 (Revised January 2014)
      • Supplement

      Fred Khosravi and AccessClosure (B)

      By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Lauren Barley
      It was January 2013, and Fred Khosravi, chairman of the board of AccessClosure Inc., wondered what the new year had in store for him and AccessClosure, the company he founded in late 2002. Khosravi was cautiously optimistic—the Mountain View, California-based medical... View Details
      Keywords: Medical Devices; Vascular Closure Device; Patent Litigation; Patenting; Biomedical Research; Biotechnology; Biotech; Technological Innovation; Patents; Health Care and Treatment; Biotechnology Industry; United States; California
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      Hamermesh, Richard G., and Lauren Barley. "Fred Khosravi and AccessClosure (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 814-038, October 2013. (Revised January 2014.)
      • September 2013
      • Article

      Prizes, Publicity, and Patents: Non-Monetary Awards as a Mechanism to Encourage Innovation

      By: Petra Moser and Tom Nicholas
      This paper exploits the selection of prize-winning technologies among exhibitors at the Crystal Palace Exhibition in 1851 to examine whether—and how—ex post prizes that are awarded to high-quality innovations may encourage future innovation. U.S. patent data... View Details
      Keywords: Prizes; Innovation; Motivation and Incentives; Patents; Innovation and Invention
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      Moser, Petra, and Tom Nicholas. "Prizes, Publicity, and Patents: Non-Monetary Awards as a Mechanism to Encourage Innovation." Journal of Industrial Economics 61, no. 3 (September 2013): 763–788.
      • July 2013
      • Article

      Ethnic Innovation and U.S. Multinational Firm Activity

      By: C. Fritz Foley and William R. Kerr
      This paper studies the impact that immigrant innovators have on the global activities of U.S. firms by analyzing detailed data on patent applications and on the operations of the foreign affiliates of U.S. multinational firms. The results indicate that increases in the... View Details
      Keywords: Technology Transfer; Innovation; Ethnic Networks; Patents; Diasporas; Ethnicity; Multinational Firms and Management; Competitive Advantage; Research and Development; Foreign Direct Investment; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Foley, C. Fritz, and William R. Kerr. "Ethnic Innovation and U.S. Multinational Firm Activity." Management Science 59, no. 7 (July 2013): 1529–1544.
      • June 2013 (Revised February 2016)
      • Teaching Note

      The LEGO Group: Publish or Protect?

      By: Willy Shih
      Senior managers at the LEGO Group are faced with a quandary: Should they patent inventions coming out of their manufacturing process development work, should they keep them as trade secrets, or should they publish them so that they would go into the public domain and... View Details
      Keywords: Intellectual Property Management; Spillovers; Intellectual Property; Patents; Knowledge Dissemination; Manufacturing Industry; Europe
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      Shih, Willy. "The LEGO Group: Publish or Protect?" Harvard Business School Teaching Note 613-097, June 2013. (Revised February 2016.)
      • May 2013
      • Article

      Hybrid Innovation in Meiji Japan

      By: Tom Nicholas
      Japan's hybrid innovation system during the Meiji era of technological modernization provides a useful laboratory for examining the effectiveness of complementary mechanisms to patents. Patents were introduced in 1885, and by 1911, 1.2 million mostly non-pecuniary... View Details
      Keywords: Prizes; Technological Innovation; System; Patents; Knowledge; Value; Cost vs Benefits; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Performance Effectiveness; Japan
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      Nicholas, Tom. "Hybrid Innovation in Meiji Japan." International Economic Review 54, no. 2 (May 2013): 575–600.
      • Article

      Intermediary Functions and the Market for Innovation in Meiji and Taisho Japan

      By: Tom Nicholas and Hiroshi Shimizu
      Japan experienced a transformational phase of technological development during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. We argue that an important, but so far neglected, factor was a developing market for innovation and a patent attorney system that was... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Patents; Innovation and Invention; Japan
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      Nicholas, Tom, and Hiroshi Shimizu. "Intermediary Functions and the Market for Innovation in Meiji and Taisho Japan." Business History Review 87, no. 1 (Spring 2013): 121–150.
      • February 2013 (Revised March 2015)
      • Case

      The LEGO Group: Publish or Protect?

      By: Willy C. Shih and Sen Chai
      Senior managers at the LEGO Group are faced with a quandary: Should they patent inventions coming out of their manufacturing process development work, should they keep them as trade secrets, or should they publish them so that they would go into the public domain and... View Details
      Keywords: Plastics; Injection Molding; Toys; LEGO; LEGO Group; Tools; Additive Manufacturing; 3D Manufacturing; Toolmaking; Patenting; Spillovers; Knowledge Spillovers; Change; Trends; Engineering; Machinery and Machining; Intellectual Property; Patents; Operations; Production; Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Technology Adoption; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Technology Industry; Europe; Denmark
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      Shih, Willy C., and Sen Chai. "The LEGO Group: Publish or Protect?" Harvard Business School Case 613-079, February 2013. (Revised March 2015.)
      • December 2012
      • Teaching Note

      Gene Patents (A) (TN)

      By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Matthew Preble
      This is the teaching note for case Gene Patents (A). In March 2010, U.S. District Court Judge Robert Sweet overturned 30 years of legal precedent and ruled that unaltered human genes could not be patented. This case reviews patent law and how it relates to our... View Details
      Keywords: Biotech; Human Genome; Patents; Genetics; Biotechnology Industry; United States
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      Hamermesh, Richard G., and Matthew Preble. "Gene Patents (A) (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 813-099, December 2012.
      • December 2012
      • Article

      Inducement Prizes and Innovation

      By: Liam Brunt, Josh Lerner and Tom Nicholas
      We examine the effect of prizes on innovation using data on awards for technological development offered by the Royal Agricultural Society of England at annual competitions between 1839 and 1939. We find that the effects of prizes on competitive entry are large, and we... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Patents; Innovation and Invention; Information Technology; Growth and Development; England
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      Brunt, Liam, Josh Lerner, and Tom Nicholas. "Inducement Prizes and Innovation." Journal of Industrial Economics 60, no. 4 (December 2012): 657–696.
      • Winter 2013
      • Article

      The New Patent Intermediaries: Platforms, Defensive Aggregators and Super-Aggregators

      By: Andrei Hagiu and David B. Yoffie
      The patent market consists mainly of privately negotiated, bilateral transactions, either sales or cross-licenses, between large companies. There is no eBay, Amazon, New York Stock Exchange, or Kelley's Blue Book equivalent for patents, and when buyers and sellers do... View Details
      Keywords: Intellectual Property; Platforms; Intermediaries; Aggregator; Patents; Digital Platforms; Marketplace Matching; Distribution Channels
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      Hagiu, Andrei, and David B. Yoffie. "The New Patent Intermediaries: Platforms, Defensive Aggregators and Super-Aggregators." Journal of Economic Perspectives 27, no. 1 (Winter 2013): 45–66.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Did Bank Distress Stifle Innovation During the Great Depression?

      By: Ramana Nanda and Tom Nicholas
      We find a negative relationship between bank distress and the level, quality and trajectory of firm-level innovation during the Great Depression, particularly for R&D firms operating in capital intensive industries. However, we also show that because a sufficient... View Details
      Keywords: Great Depression; R&D; Bank Distress; Patents; Research and Development; Financial Crisis; Innovation and Invention; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry; United States
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      Nanda, Ramana, and Tom Nicholas. "Did Bank Distress Stifle Innovation During the Great Depression?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-106, May 2012. (Revised October 2013. Revise and Resubmit, Journal of Financial Economics.)
      • May 2012 (Revised September 2012)
      • Case

      HTC Corp. in 2012

      By: David B. Yoffie, Juan Alcacer and Renee Kim
      After 15 years of remarkable achievements, Taiwan-based HTC Corp. faced difficult times by 2012. CEO Peter Chou, who drove HTC's transformation from an unknown manufacturer of PDAs for other companies to a well-known global player in smartphones, faced an uncertain and... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Telecommunications; Brand Management; Economies Of Scale And Scope; Market Positioning; Intellectual Property Management; Technological Innovation; Information Infrastructure; Competitive Strategy; Innovation and Invention; Patents; Product Positioning; Telecommunications Industry; Taiwan
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      Yoffie, David B., Juan Alcacer, and Renee Kim. "HTC Corp. in 2012." Harvard Business School Case 712-423, May 2012. (Revised September 2012.)
      • March 2012 (Revised October 2013)
      • Supplement

      Gene Patents (B)

      By: Richard Hamermesh and Phillip Andrews
      The case updates events since the Court's ruling against Myriad Genetics on March 29, 2010 and should be used in conjunction with Gene Patents (A). On July 29, 2011, a US Appeals Court reversed the prior ruling against Myriad. On September 16, 2011, the first major... View Details
      Keywords: Courts and Trials; Patents; Genetics; Judgments; Investment; Biotechnology Industry; United States
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      Hamermesh, Richard, and Phillip Andrews. "Gene Patents (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 812-130, March 2012. (Revised October 2013.)
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