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      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of U.S. Firms

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and William F. Lincoln
      We study the impact of skilled immigrants on the employment structures of U.S. firms using matched employer-employee data. Unlike most previous work, we use the firm as the lens of analysis to account for a greater level of heterogeneity and the fact that many skilled... View Details
      Keywords: H-1B; Firms; Scientists; Engineers; Inventors; Age; Employment; Competency and Skills; Immigration; United States
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      Pekkala Kerr, Sari, William R. Kerr, and William F. Lincoln. "Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of U.S. Firms." Working Paper, February 2013.
      • October 2012 (Revised March 2022)
      • Case

      Kleiner-Perkins and Genentech: When Venture Capital Met Science

      By: Felda Hardymon and Tom Nicholas
      Genentech is a rare success story in the biotechnology industry. Hundreds of billions of dollars of venture capital have been invested without the expected transformational effects. Established in 1976, Genentech was to develop the new science of recombinant DNA into... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation & Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Innovation and Invention; Entrepreneurship; Information Technology; Science; Biotechnology Industry; United States
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      Hardymon, Felda, and Tom Nicholas. "Kleiner-Perkins and Genentech: When Venture Capital Met Science." Harvard Business School Case 813-102, October 2012. (Revised March 2022.)
      • July 2012
      • Case

      Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc.

      By: John Bingham and Michael Beer
      Vitality Health Enterprises, a medium-sized firm that manufactures health and personal care products, has experienced six straight quarters of strong revenue growth. James Hoffman, the new Senior Vice President of Human Resources, fears that the chain of success is... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Evaluation; Motivation and Incentives; Compensation and Benefits; Talent and Talent Management; Health Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States
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      Bingham, John, and Michael Beer. "Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc." Harvard Business School Brief Case 913-501, July 2012.
      • July 2011 (Revised January 2013)
      • Case

      Digital Microscopy Is Making Me Crazy!

      By: Willy Shih
      For Carl Zeiss Microimaging, modular hardware and software enabled customers to tailor Zeiss's broad range of microscopy systems hardware and software to meet a wide range of needs from basic scientific research in the biological and medical sciences to clinical... View Details
      Keywords: Information Infrastructure; Applications and Software; Corporate Strategy; Disruptive Innovation; Science-Based Business; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Business Conglomerates; Digital Platforms; Opportunities; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Computer Industry
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      Shih, Willy. "Digital Microscopy Is Making Me Crazy!" Harvard Business School Case 612-002, July 2011. (Revised January 2013.)
      • June 2011 (Revised June 2011)
      • Case

      Calit2: A UC San Diego, UC Irvine Partnership

      By: Linda A. Hill and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld
      Larry Smarr, the founding director of the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2), reflects on the Institute's past 10 years of successes and challenges. In 2010, more than 700 university scientists, artists, engineers, and... View Details
      Keywords: Success; Problems and Challenges; Innovation and Invention; Projects; Leadership; Innovation Leadership; Partners and Partnerships; Information Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry; California
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      Hill, Linda A., and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld. "Calit2: A UC San Diego, UC Irvine Partnership." Harvard Business School Case 411-105, June 2011. (Revised June 2011.)
      • March 2011 (Revised February 2012)
      • Case

      Innovation and Growth at Actelion Ltd.

      By: Gary P. Pisano, Daniela Beyersdorfer and Ruth Dittrich
      In late 2010, Jean-Paul Clozel, CEO of the Swiss biotech pharmaceuticals firm Actelion, looks back on a successful decade. The small venture that he had started with a few of his scientist colleagues in the late 1990s to discover novel medicine in a research-driven... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Talent and Talent Management; Innovation and Management; Leadership; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Development; Organizational Culture; Research and Development; Biotechnology Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Switzerland
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      Pisano, Gary P., Daniela Beyersdorfer, and Ruth Dittrich. "Innovation and Growth at Actelion Ltd." Harvard Business School Case 611-065, March 2011. (Revised February 2012.)
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      The Agglomeration of U.S. Ethnic Inventors

      By: William R. Kerr
      The ethnic composition of US inventors is undergoing a significant transformation - with deep impacts for the overall agglomeration of US innovation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual US patent records to explore these trends with greater detail.... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Geographic Location; Patents; Ethnicity; City; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "The Agglomeration of U.S. Ethnic Inventors." In Agglomeration Economics, edited by Edward Glaeser, 237–276. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
      • January 2010
      • Article

      Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation

      By: William R. Kerr
      We investigate the speed at which clusters of invention for a technology migrate spatially following breakthrough inventions. We identify breakthrough inventions as the top one percent of U.S. inventions for a technology during 1975-1984 in terms of subsequent... View Details
      Keywords: History; Technological Innovation; Patents; Labor; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation." Journal of Urban Economics 67, no. 1 (January 2010): 46–60.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Lessons from Catastrophe Reinsurance

      By: Kenneth A. Froot
      Of the 20 most costly catastrophes since 1970, more than half have occurred since 2001. Is this an omen of what the 21st century will be? How might we behave in this new, uncertain, and more dangerous environment? Will our actions be rational or irrational? A select... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Insurance; Risk and Uncertainty; Natural Disasters; Behavior
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      Froot, Kenneth A. "Lessons from Catastrophe Reinsurance." Chap. 20 in The Irrational Economist: Making Decisions in a Dangerous World, edited by Erwann Michel-Kerjan and Paul Slovic, 171–182. New York: PublicAffairs Books, 2010.
      • September 2009
      • Case

      Peter Schultz at The Scripps Research Institute

      By: H. Kent Bowen, Alison Berkley Wagonfeld and Courtney Purrington
      Peter Schultz, Professor of Chemistry at The Scripps Research Institute, managed an extremely productive lab. This case examines how Schultz recruited, motivated and inspired the students and scientists that worked with him. View Details
      Keywords: Higher Education; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Research and Development; Recruitment; Selection and Staffing; Management Style; Motivation and Incentives; Leadership Style
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      Bowen, H. Kent, Alison Berkley Wagonfeld, and Courtney Purrington. "Peter Schultz at The Scripps Research Institute." Harvard Business School Case 910-408, September 2009.
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation

      By: William R. Kerr
      We investigate the speed at which clusters of invention for a technology migrate spatially following breakthrough inventions. We identify breakthrough inventions as the top one percent of US inventions for a technology during 1975-1984 in terms of subsequent citations.... View Details
      Keywords: Geographic Location; Immigration; Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Patents; Industry Clusters; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-020, September 2009.
      • 2008
      • Working Paper

      The Agglomeration of U.S. Ethnic Inventors

      By: William R. Kerr
      The ethnic composition of US inventors is undergoing a significant transformation—with deep impacts for the overall agglomeration of US innovation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual US patent records to explore these trends with greater detail.... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Geographic Location; Patents; Ethnicity; City; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "The Agglomeration of U.S. Ethnic Inventors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-003, July 2008. (Forthcoming book chapter in Agglomeration Economics.)
      • 2008
      • Working Paper

      The Ethnic Composition of U.S. Inventors

      By: William R. Kerr
      The ethnic composition of US scientists and engineers is undergoing a significant transformation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual patent records granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to document these trends with greater... View Details
      Keywords: Inventors; Scientists; Engineers; Information Technology; Patents; Ethnicity; Innovation and Invention; Research and Development; Immigration; China; United States; India
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      Kerr, William R. "The Ethnic Composition of U.S. Inventors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-006, May 2007. (Permanent working paper describing ethnic-name patenting data, revised December 2008.)
      • 2007
      • Chapter

      U.S. Ethnic Scientists and Entrepreneurs

      By: William R. Kerr
      Keywords: Science; Entrepreneurship; United States
      Citation
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      Kerr, William R. "U.S. Ethnic Scientists and Entrepreneurs." In Cleveland Federal Reserve Board Commentary, 1–4. Progressive Management, 2007.
      • May 2006 (Revised February 2012)
      • Case

      General Electric's 20th Century CEOs (Abridged)

      By: Nitin Nohria, Anthony J. Mayo and Mark Benson
      General Electric thrived in every decade of the 20th century. Since its founding in 1892, GE has placed a high value on picking and training the best people. Staff members worked with other scientists in the company's research lab to design and manufacture new and... View Details
      Keywords: Business History; Leadership Style; Growth and Development Strategy; Management Style
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      Nohria, Nitin, Anthony J. Mayo, and Mark Benson. "General Electric's 20th Century CEOs (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 406-118, May 2006. (Revised February 2012.)
      • December 2005 (Revised April 2011)
      • Case

      General Electric's 20th Century CEOs

      By: Nitin Nohria, Anthony Mayo and Mark Benson
      General Electric thrived in every decade of the 20th century. Since its founding in 1892, GE has placed a high value on picking and training the best people. Staff members worked with other scientists in the company's research lab to design and manufacture new and... View Details
      Keywords: Business History; Leadership Style; Growth and Development Strategy; Management Style
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      Nohria, Nitin, Anthony Mayo, and Mark Benson. "General Electric's 20th Century CEOs." Harvard Business School Case 406-048, December 2005. (Revised April 2011.)
      • 2005
      • Dissertation

      The Role of Immigrant Scientists and Entrepreneurs in International Technology Transfer

      By: William R. Kerr
      Keywords: Information Technology; Immigration; Entrepreneurship; Science; Trade
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      Kerr, William R. "The Role of Immigrant Scientists and Entrepreneurs in International Technology Transfer." Diss., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 2005.
      • May 2005 (Revised April 2010)
      • Case

      GlaxoSmithKline: Reorganizing Drug Discovery (A)

      By: Robert S. Huckman and Eli Strick
      Describes the reorganization of drug discovery at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) following the formation of GSK from the merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham. This reorganization placed nearly 2,000 research scientists into six centers of excellence in drug discovery... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Decision Choices and Conditions; Operations; Organizational Structure; Performance Improvement; Research and Development; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Huckman, Robert S., and Eli Strick. "GlaxoSmithKline: Reorganizing Drug Discovery (A)." Harvard Business School Case 605-074, May 2005. (Revised April 2010.)
      • September 2002 (Revised October 2002)
      • Case

      Managing Knowledge and Learning at NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)

      By: Dorothy A. Leonard and David Kiron
      Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) faces a serious loss of knowledge--both because of the "faster, better, cheaper" mandate for Mars missions and from the retirement of key personnel. An extensive knowledge management system for NASA/JPL includes formal knowledge-capture... View Details
      Keywords: Knowledge Management; Knowledge Dissemination; Leadership Development; Internet and the Web; Risk and Uncertainty; Organizational Culture; Retirement; Human Resources; Human Capital
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      Leonard, Dorothy A., and David Kiron. "Managing Knowledge and Learning at NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)." Harvard Business School Case 603-062, September 2002. (Revised October 2002.)
      • April 2002
      • Case

      In vivo to in vitro to in silico: Coping with Tidal Waves of Data at Biogen

      By: Juan Enriquez-Cabot, Gary P. Pisano and Gaye Bok
      Biogen is a successful biotech company facing a critical juncture. CEO John Mullen ponders how technological changes introduced into the research function will shape larger corporate decisions. This world in which biotechnology companies operated had changed... View Details
      Keywords: Change; Decisions; Product Development; Research and Development; Expansion; Technology; Biotechnology Industry
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      Enriquez-Cabot, Juan, Gary P. Pisano, and Gaye Bok. "In vivo to in vitro to in silico: Coping with Tidal Waves of Data at Biogen." Harvard Business School Case 602-122, April 2002.
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