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    • Faculty Publications  (91)

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    • All HBS Web  (1,634)
      • Faculty Publications  (91)

      Natural ExperimentRemove Natural Experiment →

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      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Information Provision and Innovation: Natural Experiment of Herbal Patent Prior Art Adoption at the United States and European Patent Offices

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tarun Khanna
      We exploit a natural experiment to study how codifying information about prior innovation affects subsequent innovation. A codified database of traditional Indian herbal formulations was adopted by the European Patent Office (EPO) and the U.S. Patent and Trademark... View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Ethnicity; Health Care and Treatment; Pharmaceutical Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; China; India
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Tarun Khanna. "Information Provision and Innovation: Natural Experiment of Herbal Patent Prior Art Adoption at the United States and European Patent Offices." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-079, February 2014. (Revised January 2018.)
      • February 2014
      • Article

      Gender Differences in Willingness to Guess

      By: Katherine Baldiga Coffman
      We present the results of an experiment that explores whether women are less willing than men to guess on multiple-choice tests. Our test consists of practice questions from SAT II subject tests; we vary whether a penalty is imposed for a wrong answer and the salience... View Details
      Keywords: Behavioral Decision Making; Microeconomic Behavior; Education Systems; Behavior; Decision Choices and Conditions; Gender; Economics
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      Coffman, Katherine Baldiga. "Gender Differences in Willingness to Guess." Management Science 60, no. 2 (February 2014): 434–448.
      • December 2013
      • Article

      How Do Staggered Boards Affect Shareholder Value? Evidence from a Natural Experiment

      By: Alma Cohen and Charles C.Y. Wang
      The well-established negative correlation between staggered boards (SBs) and firm value could be due to SBs leading to lower value or a reflection of low-value firms' greater propensity to maintain SBs. We analyze the causal question using a natural experiment... View Details
      Keywords: Staggered Board; Takeover Defense; Antitakeover Provision; Proxy Fight; Tobin's; Firm Value; Agency Cost; Delaware; Chancery Court; Airgas; Governing and Advisory Boards; Corporate Governance
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      Cohen, Alma, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "How Do Staggered Boards Affect Shareholder Value? Evidence from a Natural Experiment." Journal of Financial Economics 110, no. 3 (December 2013): 627–641.
      • April 2013
      • Case

      Sterling Household Products Company

      By: William E. Fruhan and Craig Stephenson
      Sterling Household Products manufactures and markets a broad line of consumer goods from laundry soap and cosmetics to cleaning, disinfecting, and sanitizing products. The company has many highly regarded brand names and consistently reports impressive sales and... View Details
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      Fruhan, William E., and Craig Stephenson. "Sterling Household Products Company." Harvard Business School Brief Case 913-556, April 2013.
      • February 2013
      • Article

      Does Shareholder Proxy Access Improve Firm Value? Evidence from the Business Roundtable Challenge

      By: Bo Becker, Guhan Subramanian and Daniel B. Bergstresser
      We use the Business Roundtable's challenge to the SEC's 2010 proxy access rule as a natural experiment to measure the value of shareholder proxy access. We find that firms that would have been most vulnerable to proxy access, as measured by institutional ownership and... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Becker, Bo, Guhan Subramanian, and Daniel B. Bergstresser. "Does Shareholder Proxy Access Improve Firm Value? Evidence from the Business Roundtable Challenge." Journal of Law & Economics 56, no. 1 (February 2013): 127–160.
      • 2012
      • Working Paper

      Can Implicit Regulation Change Financial Market Behavior? Evidence from Spitzer's Attack on Market Timers

      By: Charles C.Y. Wang
      This paper explores a natural experiment setup from the 2003-2004 mutual fund scandals to evaluate the effectiveness of implicit regulation on financial markets behavior. On average, buy-and-hold investors lost 218 basis points annually from 1998 to 2002 to market... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; Market Timing; United States
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      Wang, Charles C.Y. "Can Implicit Regulation Change Financial Market Behavior? Evidence from Spitzer's Attack on Market Timers." Working Paper, 2012.
      • May 18, 2012
      • Article

      Randomized Government Safety Inspections Reduce Worker Injuries with No Detectable Job Loss

      By: David I Levine, Michael W. Toffel and Matthew S. Johnson
      Controversy surrounds occupational health and safety regulators, with some observers claiming that workplace regulations damage firms' competitiveness and destroy jobs and others arguing that they make workplaces safer at little cost to employers and employees. We... View Details
      Keywords: Regulation; Occupational Safety; Evaluation; Regression; Matching; Difference In Differences; Safety; Health; Working Conditions; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competitive Advantage; Performance; Manufacturing Industry; California
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      Levine, David I., Michael W. Toffel, and Matthew S. Johnson. "Randomized Government Safety Inspections Reduce Worker Injuries with No Detectable Job Loss." Science 336, no. 6083 (May 18, 2012): 907–911. (Online supplement (appendix). Featured in an article by the head of US OSHA, and in U.S. News & World Report and many other news outlets. Basis of U.S. Congressional testimony on promoting safe workplaces.)
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying

      By: William R. Kerr, William F. Lincoln and Prachi Mishra
      We study the determinants of the dynamics of firm lobbying behavior using a panel data set covering 1998–2006. Our data exhibit three striking facts: (i) few firms lobby, (ii) lobbying status is strongly associated with firm size, and (iii) lobbying status is highly... View Details
      Keywords: Lobbying; Political Economy; H-1B; Business Ventures; Policy; Government Legislation; Immigration; Business and Government Relations; Research; Prejudice and Bias
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      Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-034, October 2011. (Revised August 2013.)
      • August 2011
      • Supplement

      InnoCentive.com (C)

      By: Karim R. Lakhani and Eric Lonstein
      InnoCentive.com enables clients to tap into internal and external solver networks to address various business issues. This case focuses on the outcome of InnoCentive's decision to post challenges related to environmental issues created by the Gulf Oil Spill. It reviews... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Networks; Decisions; Outcome or Result; Pollutants; Natural Disasters; Natural Environment; Japan
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      Lakhani, Karim R., and Eric Lonstein. "InnoCentive.com (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 612-027, August 2011.
      • 2011
      • Article

      Group Size and Incentives to Contribute: A Natural Experiment at Chinese Wikipedia

      By: Michael Zhang and Feng Zhu
      In this paper, we examine the causal relationship between group size and incentives to contribute in the setting of Chinese Wikipedia, the Chinese language version of an online encyclopedia that relies entirely on voluntary contributions. The group at Chinese Wikipedia... View Details
      Keywords: Rights; Motivation and Incentives; Internet and the Web; Valuation; Groups and Teams; Knowledge Sharing; Behavior; Satisfaction; Size; Government and Politics; Economics; Information Technology Industry; Hong Kong; Taiwan; Singapore
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      Zhang, Michael, and Feng Zhu. "Group Size and Incentives to Contribute: A Natural Experiment at Chinese Wikipedia." American Economic Review 101, no. 4 (June 2011): 1601–1615.
      • December 2010 (Revised March 2013)
      • Case

      Asian Agri and the Future of Palm Oil

      By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
      For Asian Agri and other Indonesian palm oil producers, the future promised rising demand from fast-growing Asian populations, but also intensifying criticism from environmental groups. With the highest yield and lowest production cost of any edible oil, palm oil... View Details
      Keywords: Plant-Based Agribusiness; Social Marketing; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business Strategy; Supply Chain Management; Natural Environment; Marketing Strategy; Environmental Sustainability; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Indonesia; Malaysia
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      Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Asian Agri and the Future of Palm Oil." Harvard Business School Case 511-015, December 2010. (Revised March 2013.)
      • December 2010
      • Article

      Organising Response to Extreme Emergencies: The Victorian Bushfires of 2009

      By: Dutch Leonard and Arnold M. Howitt
      How can people and organisations best respond to emergency events that are significantly beyond the boundaries of what they had generally anticipated, expected, prepared for-or even imagined? What forms of organisations are likely to be best able to cope with such... View Details
      Keywords: Organizations; Management Practices and Processes; Natural Disasters; Crisis Management; Boundaries; United States
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      Leonard, Dutch, and Arnold M. Howitt. "Organising Response to Extreme Emergencies: The Victorian Bushfires of 2009." Australian Journal of Public Administration 69, no. 4 (December 2010): 372–386.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil and Individualism

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Juan Dubra and Robert MacCulloch
      We study the correlation between a belief concerning individualism and a measure of luck in the US during the period 1983-2004. The measure of beliefs is the answer to a question related to whether the poor should be helped by the government or if they should help... View Details
      Keywords: History; Natural Environment; Non-Renewable Energy; Values and Beliefs; Price; Poverty; Policy; Economy; United States
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      Di Tella, Rafael, Juan Dubra, and Robert MacCulloch. "A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil and Individualism." In The Natural Resources Trap: Private Investment without Public Commitment, edited by William Hogan and Federico Sturzenegger. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010.
      • November 2009
      • Article

      The Nature of Partnering Experience and the Gains from Alliances

      By: Ranjay Gulati, D. Lavie and H. Singh
      Keywords: Partners and Partnerships; Alliances; Experience and Expertise
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      Gulati, Ranjay, D. Lavie, and H. Singh. "The Nature of Partnering Experience and the Gains from Alliances." Strategic Management Journal 30, no. 11 (November 2009): 1213–1233.
      • 2008
      • Chapter

      Corporate Honesty and Business Education: A Behavioral Model

      By: Rakesh Khurana and Herbert Gintis
      Since the mid-1970s neoclassical economic theory has dominated business school thinking and teaching in dealing with the nature of human motivation. However valuable in understanding competitive product and financial markets, neoclassical economic theory employs an... View Details
      Keywords: Business Education; Ethics; Managerial Roles; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Organizational Culture; Business and Shareholder Relations; Mathematical Methods; Behavior
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      Khurana, Rakesh, and Herbert Gintis. "Corporate Honesty and Business Education: A Behavioral Model." In Moral Markets: The Critical Role of Values in the Economy, edited by Paul J. Zak. Princeton University Press, 2008.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Component Modularity on Design Evolution: Evidence from the Software Industry

      By: Alan MacCormack, John Rusnak and Carliss Y. Baldwin

      Much academic work asserts a relationship between the design of a complex system and the manner in which this system evolves over time. In particular, designs which are modular in nature are argued to be more "evolvable," in that these designs facilitate making... View Details

      Keywords: Product Design; Adaptation; Software; Information Technology Industry
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      MacCormack, Alan, John Rusnak, and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "The Impact of Component Modularity on Design Evolution: Evidence from the Software Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-038, December 2007.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil and Individualism

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Juan Dubra and Robert MacCulloch
      We study the correlation between a belief concerning individualism and a measure of luck in the US during the period 1983-2004. The measure of beliefs is the answer to a question related to whether the poor should be helped by the government or if they should help... View Details
      Keywords: Energy; Price; Policy; Government and Politics; Poverty; Welfare; Energy Industry; United States
      Citation
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      Di Tella, Rafael, Juan Dubra, and Robert MacCulloch. "A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil and Individualism." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-035, November 2007.
      • 2007
      • Text Book

      Teaching the Moral Leader: A Literature-Based Leadership Course

      By: Sandra J. Sucher

      This book is a comprehensive, practical manual to help instructors integrate moral leadership in their own courses, drawing from the experience and resources of the Harvard Business School course "The Moral Leader," an MBA elective taken by thousands of HBS students... View Details

      Keywords: Competency and Skills; Curriculum and Courses; Moral Sensibility; Body of Literature; Books; Leadership; Personal Development and Career
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      Sucher, Sandra J. Teaching the Moral Leader: A Literature-Based Leadership Course. Routledge, 2007.
      • February 2007
      • Article

      The Formation of Beliefs: Evidence from the Allocation of Land Titles to Squatters

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Sebastian F. Galiani and Ernesto S. Schargrodsky
      We study the formation of beliefs in a squatter settlement in the outskirts of Buenos Aires exploiting a natural experiment that induced an allocation of property rights that is exogenous to the characteristics of the squatters. There are significant differences in the... View Details
      Keywords: Values and Beliefs; Property
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      Di Tella, Rafael, Sebastian F. Galiani, and Ernesto S. Schargrodsky. "The Formation of Beliefs: Evidence from the Allocation of Land Titles to Squatters." Quarterly Journal of Economics 122, no. 1 (February 2007).
      • 2002
      • Book

      Searching for a Corporate Savior: The Irrational Quest for Charismatic CEOs

      By: Rakesh Khurana
      Corporate CEOs are headline news. Stock prices rise and fall at word of their hiring and firing. Business media debate their merits and defects as if individual leaders determined the health of the economy. Yet we know surprisingly little about how CEOs are selected... View Details
      Keywords: Managerial Roles; Selection and Staffing; Personal Characteristics; Experience and Expertise; Investment Activism; Corporate Strategy
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      Khurana, Rakesh. Searching for a Corporate Savior: The Irrational Quest for Charismatic CEOs. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002.
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