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    • All HBS Web  (631)
      • Faculty Publications  (198)

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      • March 2020
      • Article

      Do Fire Sales Create Externalities?

      By: Sergey Chernenko and Adi Sunderam
      We develop three novel measures of how much of the price impact of their trading different mutual funds internalize. We show that mutual funds that internalize more of their price impact hold larger cash buffers and use these buffers more aggressively to accommodate... View Details
      Keywords: Fire Sales; Externalities; Investment Funds; Price; Financial Liquidity; Management
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      Chernenko, Sergey, and Adi Sunderam. "Do Fire Sales Create Externalities?" Journal of Financial Economics 135, no. 3 (March 2020): 602–628.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Governance Through Shame and Aspiration: Index Creation and Corporate Behavior

      By: Akash Chattopadhyay, Matthew D. Shaffer and Charles C.Y. Wang
      After decades of deprioritizing shareholders' economic interests and low corporate profitability, Japan introduced the JPX-Nikkei400 in 2014. The index highlighted the country's "best-run" companies by annually selecting the 400 most profitable of its large and liquid... View Details
      Keywords: JPX-Nikkei 400 Index; Status Incentives; Return On Equity; Capital Efficiency; Social Norms; Index Inclusion; Reputation Incentives; Motivation and Incentives; Corporate Governance; Behavior; Investment Return; Status and Position; Japan
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      Chattopadhyay, Akash, Matthew D. Shaffer, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Governance Through Shame and Aspiration: Index Creation and Corporate Behavior." Journal of Financial Economics 135, no. 3 (March 2020): 704–724.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Which Early Withdrawal Penalty Attracts the Most Deposits to a Commitment Savings Account?

      By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and Jung Sakong
      Previous research has shown that some people voluntarily use commitment contracts that restrict their own choice sets. We study how people divide money between two accounts: a liquid account that permits unrestricted withdrawals and a commitment account that is... View Details
      Keywords: Quasi-hyperbolic Discounting; Present Bias; Sophistication; Naiveté; Commitment; Flexibility; Savings; Contract Design; Defined Contribution Retirement Plan; 401 (K); IRA; Saving; Behavior; Contracts; Design; Interest Rates
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      Beshears, John, James J. Choi, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, and Jung Sakong. "Which Early Withdrawal Penalty Attracts the Most Deposits to a Commitment Savings Account?" Art. 104144. Journal of Public Economics 183 (March 2020).
      • December 2019
      • Case

      CME Group in 2019

      By: José B. Alvarez, Forest Reinhardt and Natalie Kindred
      Chicago-based CME Group is the world’s largest futures and options marketplace, with annual trading volume of over 4.8 billion contracts in 2018. This case is set in late 2019, as heightened perceptions of risk stemming from the U.S.-China trade war are driving record... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; Risk Management; Futures and Commodity Futures; Trade; Price; Competition; Risk and Uncertainty; Competitive Strategy; United States; China; Brazil
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      Alvarez, José B., Forest Reinhardt, and Natalie Kindred. "CME Group in 2019." Harvard Business School Case 520-048, December 2019.
      • December 2019 (Revised June 2024)
      • Case

      The Dutch East India Company in 1612 (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Giuseppe Dari-Mattiacci
      The Dutch East India Company’s board of directors must decide what to do about an impending legal requirement to liquidate the company’s assets and return to shareholders their capital and any profits earned during a ten-year lock-up period. The charter granted to the... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Governance; Globalized Firms and Management; Organizational Structure; Laws and Statutes; Financial Markets; Business and Shareholder Relations; Business and Government Relations; Business History; Shipping Industry; Netherlands
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Giuseppe Dari-Mattiacci. "The Dutch East India Company in 1612 (A)." Harvard Business School Case 320-047, December 2019. (Revised June 2024.)
      • November 2019
      • Supplement

      Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
      A new environmental regulation known as IMO 2020 was creating what one industry analyst called “the biggest shakeup for the oil and shipping industries in decades.” According to the new regulation, all ocean-going ships would have to limit their sulfur emissions by... View Details
      Keywords: Valuation; Ship Transportation; Strategic Planning; Game Theory; Pollutants; Supply Chain; Corporate Accountability; Capital Budgeting; Environmental Sustainability; Shipping Industry; Transportation Industry; Germany
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      Esty, Benjamin C., Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej, and Emer Moloney. "Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 220-713, November 2019.
      • November 2019
      • Case

      Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
      A new environmental regulation known as IMO 2020 was creating what one industry analyst called “the biggest shakeup for the oil and shipping industries in decades.” According to the new regulation, all ocean-going ships would have to limit their sulfur emissions by... View Details
      Keywords: Valuation; Ship Transportation; Strategic Planning; Game Theory; Pollutants; Supply Chain; Corporate Accountability; Capital Budgeting; Environmental Sustainability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governance Compliance; Shipping Industry; Transportation Industry; Germany
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      Esty, Benjamin C., Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej, and Emer Moloney. "Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020." Harvard Business School Case 220-003, November 2019.
      • October 2019 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      NewView Capital and Venture Capital Secondaries

      By: Shai Bernstein, Ramana Nanda and Allison Ciechanover
      While still a general partner at Silicon Valley–based New Enterprise Associates (NEA), Ravi Viswanathan considered the challenges presented by evolving market dynamics in the venture capital space. Startups were staying private longer, which led to limited partners... View Details
      Keywords: Venture Capital; Capital Markets; Private Equity; Strategy
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      Bernstein, Shai, Ramana Nanda, and Allison Ciechanover. "NewView Capital and Venture Capital Secondaries." Harvard Business School Case 820-038, October 2019. (Revised January 2020.)
      • October 2019
      • Teaching Note

      Granite Equity Partners

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Terrence Shu
      This teaching note accompanies HBS case 219-040, “Granite Equity Partners,” which follows the private equity firm as it evaluates the potential acquisition of Tyrell Corp., a Minnesota-based quality control biomaterials company. Granite Equity’s fund was different from... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity Exit; Investing; Fund Exit; Fund Management; Wealth Management; Liquidity; Buyout; Exit Strategy; Preferred Shares; Convertible Notes; Finance; Private Equity; Investment; Asset Management; Wealth; Management; Financial Liquidity; Minnesota; United States
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Terrence Shu. "Granite Equity Partners." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 820-062, October 2019.
      • September 2019 (Revised August 2021)
      • Case

      It's All About Family: Esas Group

      By: Christina R. Wing and Alpana Thapar
      This case describes how Ali Sabancı and his sister Emine Sabancı Kamışlı, shareholders of Esas Group, one of Turkey’s largest family-owned investment firms, worked to grow and professionalize the business. While their father Şevket Sabancı, played an instrumental role... View Details
      Keywords: Family Business; Governance; Growth and Development Strategy; Turkey
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      Wing, Christina R., and Alpana Thapar. "It's All About Family: Esas Group." Harvard Business School Case 620-010, September 2019. (Revised August 2021.)
      • September 2019
      • Article

      Bankruptcy Spillovers

      By: Shai Bernstein, Emanuele Colonnelli, Xavier Giroud and Benjamin Iverson
      How do different bankruptcy approaches affect the local economy? Using U.S. Census microdata, we explore the spillover effects of reorganization and liquidation on geographically proximate firms. We exploit the random assignment of bankruptcy judges as a source of... View Details
      Keywords: Agglomeration; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Economy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Bernstein, Shai, Emanuele Colonnelli, Xavier Giroud, and Benjamin Iverson. "Bankruptcy Spillovers." Special Issue on Labor and Finance. Journal of Financial Economics 133, no. 3 (September 2019): 608–633.
      • July 2019
      • Article

      Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation

      By: Samuel Antill and Steven R. Grenadier
      We model a firm’s optimal capital structure decision in a framework in which it may later choose to enter either Chapter 11 reorganization or Chapter 7 liquidation. Creditors anticipate equityholders’ ex-post reorganization incentives and price them into the ex-ante... View Details
      Keywords: Default; Dynamic Bargaining; Capital Structure; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Mathematical Methods
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      Antill, Samuel, and Steven R. Grenadier. "Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation." Journal of Financial Economics 133, no. 1 (July 2019): 198–224.
      • February 2019 (Revised October 2022)
      • Case

      Scandal at Steinhoff

      By: Kristin Mugford and Phil Caruso
      Keywords: Volatility; Borrowing and Debt; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Financial Liquidity; Bonds; Corporate Accountability; Failure; International Finance; Restructuring; Business Conglomerates; Crime and Corruption; Retail Industry; South Africa; Austria; Netherlands
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      Mugford, Kristin, and Phil Caruso. "Scandal at Steinhoff." Harvard Business School Case 219-098, February 2019. (Revised October 2022.)
      • February 2019 (Revised March 2019)
      • Case

      Banorte and the Capital Call Facility: Infrastructure Finance in Mexico

      By: John D. Macomber, Carla Larangeira and Fernanda Miguel
      As a result of Mexico´s pension industry deregulation, pension funds were able to invest in energy and infrastructure projects through a variety of financial instruments, particularly through Capital Development Certificates (CKDs), an asset class that served as a... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Products; Fund Management; Capital Call Facility; Pension Funds; Infrastructure; Energy; Finance; Decision Making; Investment Funds; Financial Instruments; North America; Mexico
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      Macomber, John D., Carla Larangeira, and Fernanda Miguel. "Banorte and the Capital Call Facility: Infrastructure Finance in Mexico." Harvard Business School Case 219-049, February 2019. (Revised March 2019.)
      • January 2019
      • Module Note

      Liquidity Management

      By: Adi Sunderam
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      Sunderam, Adi. "Liquidity Management." Harvard Business School Module Note 219-088, January 2019.
      • September 2018
      • Case

      Granite Equity Partners

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Jeffrey Boyar
      This case follows Rick Bauerly, CEO of Minnesota-based Granite Equity Partners, a private equity firm that specialized in buying out retiring business owners in the Minnesota community. In 2007, Granite Equity was considering an investment in Tyrell Corp. (name... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity Exit; Investing; Fund Exit; Fund Management; Wealth Management; Liquidity; Buyout; Exit Strategy; Preferred Shares; Convertible Notes; Finance; Private Equity; Investment; Asset Management; Wealth; Management; Financial Liquidity
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Jeffrey Boyar. "Granite Equity Partners." Harvard Business School Case 219-040, September 2018.
      • August 2018 (Revised June 2019)
      • Case

      Oaktree: Pierre Foods Investment

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Mike Harmon
      This case is a setting to discuss “loan to own” investment strategy that is often pursued by distressed investors. The aftermath of the 2007 financial crisis left many companies with poor liquidity and limited ability to obtain credit. One of these companies was Pierre... View Details
      Keywords: Distress Investing; Investment; Debt Securities; Strategy; Restructuring
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Mike Harmon. "Oaktree: Pierre Foods Investment." Harvard Business School Case 219-018, August 2018. (Revised June 2019.)
      • March 2018 (Revised July 2018)
      • Case

      Cadre

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann, Scott Duke Kominers and David Lane
      Late in 2017, CEO Ryan Williams and his team debated whether Cadre should become not only a technology-enabled investment manager, but also an online trading exchange providing high levels of liquidity for investors in commercial real estate (CRE) equity. Cadre was a... View Details
      Keywords: "Cadre,"; Entrepreneurship; Market Design; Digital Platforms; Strategy; Internet and the Web; Private Equity; Financial Services Industry; Real Estate Industry; United States
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R., Scott Duke Kominers, and David Lane. "Cadre." Harvard Business School Case 818-058, March 2018. (Revised July 2018.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Government-Brokerage Analysts and Market Stabilization: Evidence from China

      By: Sheng Cao, Xianjie He, Charles C.Y. Wang and Huifang Yin
      We show analysts at government-controlled brokerage firms serve as a market stabilization tool in China. Using earnings forecasts from 2005–2019, we find government-brokerage analysts issue relatively more optimistic—yet less accurate and timely—forecasts during... View Details
      Keywords: Sell-side Analysts; Forecast Optimism; Forecast Accuracy; Government Incentives; Market Stabilization; Government Ownership; Coordinated Economies; Stocks; Forecasting and Prediction; Business and Government Relations; Emerging Markets
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      Cao, Sheng, Xianjie He, Charles C.Y. Wang, and Huifang Yin. "Government-Brokerage Analysts and Market Stabilization: Evidence from China." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-095, March 2018. (Revised March 2025.)
      • January 2018 (Revised February 2018)
      • Technical Note

      Making Markets

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Scott Duke Kominers
      Explains how to identify and capitalize on marketplace design opportunities. Defines markets and marketplaces and describes the basic functions of each. Discusses attributes (e.g., heterogeneity of participants' preferences and asymmetry in available information) that... View Details
      Keywords: Marketplaces; Two-Sided Markets; Entrepreneurship; Market Design; Digital Platforms; Marketplace Matching; Market Participation; Market Transactions; Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Auctions
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Scott Duke Kominers. "Making Markets." Harvard Business School Technical Note 818-096, January 2018. (Revised February 2018.)
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