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Publications

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      • Faculty Publications  (366)

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      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Costly External Financing and Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

      By: Emily Williams
      I provide new evidence that large and small banks have different external financing costs, which generates cross sectional variation in a deposits market pricing power channel of monetary policy transmission. I do so by exploiting a natural experiment using anti-trust... View Details
      Keywords: External Financing; Monetary Policy Transmission; Experiment; Banks and Banking; Financing and Loans; Interest Rates
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      Williams, Emily. "Costly External Financing and Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from a Natural Experiment." Working Paper, April 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Sticky Capital Controls

      By: Miguel Acosta-Henao, Laura Alfaro and Andres Fernandez
      There is much ongoing debate on the merits of capital controls as effective policy instruments. The differing perspectives are due in part to a lack of empirical studies that look at the intensive margin of controls, which in turn has prevented a quantitative... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Controls; Macroprudential Policies; Stickiness; Intensive; (S, S) Costs; Capital; Management; Macroeconomics
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      Acosta-Henao, Miguel, Laura Alfaro, and Andres Fernandez. "Sticky Capital Controls." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 26997, April 2020.
      • March 2020
      • Technical Note

      Intrapreneurship: Leading Innovation Efforts in Established Organizations

      By: Karen G. Mills and Annie Dang
      “Intrapreneurship” is the use of entrepreneurial management techniques within established companies to create new environments that foster innovation. Mature firms have consistently faced risk of elimination from competitors, shifting consumer preferences, and... View Details
      Keywords: Intrapreneurship; Innovation; Corporate Venture Capital; Accelerators; Incubators; Lean Startup; Hypothesis Testing; Business Ventures; Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Invention; Leadership; Framework; Disruption
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      Mills, Karen G., and Annie Dang. "Intrapreneurship: Leading Innovation Efforts in Established Organizations." Harvard Business School Technical Note 820-096, March 2020.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation

      By: Vikas A. Aggarwal, David H. Hsu and Andy Wu
      How should firms organize their pool of inventive human capital for firm-level innovation? While access to diverse knowledge may aid knowledge recombination, which can facilitate innovation, prior literature has focused primarily on one way of achieving that: diversity... View Details
      Keywords: Knowledge Recombination; Organization Design; Team Boundary; Innovation; Knowledge Sharing; Diversity; Innovation and Invention; Groups and Teams; Human Capital; Organizational Design
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      Aggarwal, Vikas A., David H. Hsu, and Andy Wu. "Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation." Art. 1. Strategy Science 5, no. 1 (March 2020): 1–16. (Lead article.)
      • February 2020
      • Case

      Leading Change in Talent at L'Oréal

      By: Lakshmi Ramarajan, Vincent Dessain and Emer Moloney
      Jean-Claude Le Grand just stepped into a new role as Executive Vice-President for Human Resources at the global cosmetics company, L’Oréal. He is now responsible for the hiring, development, promotion, and retention of 83,000 employees worldwide. The highly successful... View Details
      Keywords: Advertising; Business Headquarters; Business Divisions; Business Organization; Change; Change Management; Transformation; Competency and Skills; Experience and Expertise; Talent and Talent Management; Demographics; Diversity; Gender; Nationality; Multinational Firms and Management; Human Resources; Employees; Recruitment; Retention; Selection and Staffing; Innovation and Management; Jobs and Positions; Employment; Human Capital; Leadership; Leadership Development; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Management Practices and Processes; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Product Marketing; Organizations; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Structure; Personal Development and Career; Planning; Strategic Planning; Problems and Challenges; Networks; Social Psychology; Attitudes; Power and Influence; Social and Collaborative Networks; Business Strategy; Advertising Industry; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; France; Paris
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      Ramarajan, Lakshmi, Vincent Dessain, and Emer Moloney. "Leading Change in Talent at L'Oréal." Harvard Business School Case 420-106, February 2020.
      • January 2020 (Revised December 2024)
      • Case

      Governing PG&E

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      The five commissioners of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) listened intently at a public forum in April 2019 as PG&E Corporation’s out-going chairman Richard Kelly described the company’s proposed new board. PG&E, which provided electricity and natural... View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Board Of Directors; Board Dynamics; Business Ethics; Business Model Innovation; Corporate Boards; Energy Efficiency; Environmental And Social Sustainability; Government And Business; Hedge Funds; Institutional Investors; Legal Aspects Of Business; Regulated Monopolies; Regulation; Shareholders; Stakeholder Management; Strategy And Execution; Utilities; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Governing and Advisory Boards; Ethics; Capital Structure; Climate Change; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Environmental Sustainability; Executive Compensation; Leadership; Management; Safety; Business and Government Relations; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; California; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Governing PG&E." Harvard Business School Case 320-024, January 2020. (Revised December 2024.)
      • January 2020
      • Article

      How Do Venture Capitalists Make Decisions?

      By: Paul A. Gompers, William Gornall, Steven N. Kaplan and Ilya A. Strebulaev
      We survey 885 institutional venture capitalists (VCs) at 681 firms to learn how they make decisions across eight areas: deal sourcing, investment selection, valuation, deal structure, post-investment value-added, exits, internal firm organization, and relationships... View Details
      Keywords: Venture Capital; Value Creation; Capital Structure; Entrepreneurship; Decision Making
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      Gompers, Paul A., William Gornall, Steven N. Kaplan, and Ilya A. Strebulaev. "How Do Venture Capitalists Make Decisions?" Journal of Financial Economics 135, no. 1 (January 2020): 169–190.
      • December 2019 (Revised June 2024)
      • Case

      The Dutch East India Company in 1612 (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Giuseppe Dari-Mattiacci
      The Dutch East India Company’s board of directors must decide what to do about an impending legal requirement to liquidate the company’s assets and return to shareholders their capital and any profits earned during a ten-year lock-up period. The charter granted to the... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Governance; Globalized Firms and Management; Organizational Structure; Laws and Statutes; Financial Markets; Business and Shareholder Relations; Business and Government Relations; Business History; Shipping Industry; Netherlands
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Giuseppe Dari-Mattiacci. "The Dutch East India Company in 1612 (A)." Harvard Business School Case 320-047, December 2019. (Revised June 2024.)
      • December 2019
      • Case

      WeWork Files for an IPO

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      For the board of The We Company—better known as WeWork—August 14, 2019, promised to be a pivotal day. It was then that WeWork’s IPO prospectus, known as an S-1 filing, would be made public, giving potential investors, the media, and the general public a window into the... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Structure; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Going Public; Leadership; Management; Private Equity; Valuation; Venture Capital; Real Estate Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "WeWork Files for an IPO." Harvard Business School Case 320-063, December 2019.
      • November 2019
      • Case

      Apple, Einhorn, and iPrefs (Abridged)

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and W. Carl Kester
      In March 2013, Apple Computer has a very large cash balance, and is under pressure to return cash to shareholders. Hedge fund manager David Einhorn thinks Apple can "unlock value" by issuing perpetual preferred stock, dubbed iPrefs. Henry Blodget, CEO of Business... View Details
      Keywords: Markets; Stock Shares; Value Creation; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and W. Carl Kester. "Apple, Einhorn, and iPrefs (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 220-043, November 2019.
      • October 2019
      • Case

      Impax Laboratories: Executing Accretive Acquisitions (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      Impax Laboratories was a technology-based pharmaceutical company that used a “dual platform” strategy to sell both generic and branded treatments. While Impax had grown organically for most of its history, it was beginning to use major acquisitions for growth. In the... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Mergers and Acquisitions; Capital Structure; Competition; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "Impax Laboratories: Executing Accretive Acquisitions (A)." Harvard Business School Case 220-030, October 2019.
      • October 2019
      • Supplement

      Impax Laboratories: Executing Accretive Acquisitions (B)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      Explores events after Impax announced the acquisition of a portfolio of generic pharmaceutical products from Teva in June 2016. View Details
      Keywords: Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Mergers and Acquisitions; Capital Structure; Financial Strategy; Competition; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "Impax Laboratories: Executing Accretive Acquisitions (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 220-031, October 2019.
      • October 2019
      • Supplement

      Impax Laboratories: Executing Accretive Transactions (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      Impax Laboratories was a technology-based pharmaceutical company that used a “dual platform” strategy to sell both generic and branded treatments. While Impax had grown organically for most of its history, it was beginning to use major acquisitions for growth. In the... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Mergers and Acquisitions; Capital Structure; Financial Strategy; Competition; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "Impax Laboratories: Executing Accretive Transactions (A)." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 220-710, October 2019.
      • October 2019 (Revised February 2025)
      • Case

      A Conversation with Ellen J. Kullman, Chair & CEO of DuPont, 2009-2015

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      Ellen J. Kullman, the retired Chairman and CEO of DuPont, describes how she guided the storied science and technology company through a contentious proxy battle with activist investor Trian Partners, which acquired DuPont shares in 2013 and sought to break up the... View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Capital Structure; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Institutional Investing; Leadership; Leadership Style; Management; Transformation; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Chemical Industry; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "A Conversation with Ellen J. Kullman, Chair & CEO of DuPont, 2009-2015." Harvard Business School Case 320-017, October 2019. (Revised February 2025.)
      • September 2019
      • Case

      Teaming Up to Win the Rail Deal at GE (A)

      By: Amy Edmondson, Ranjay Gulati and Rachna Tahilyani
      In 2012, Nalin Jain, then head of GE aviation for South Asia, was given the added responsibility for GE’s transportation business in India, including bidding for a $2.5 billion contract to manufacture, service and maintain 1,000 diesel locomotives for state owned... View Details
      Keywords: Recruitment; Selection and Staffing; Human Capital; Groups and Teams; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Industrial Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Rail Industry; Transportation Industry; United States; India
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      Edmondson, Amy, Ranjay Gulati, and Rachna Tahilyani. "Teaming Up to Win the Rail Deal at GE (A)." Harvard Business School Case 420-058, September 2019.
      • 2019
      • Chapter

      Origins and Development of Global Business

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      This chapter explores how business enterprises have been powerful actors in the spread of global capitalism between 1840 and the present day. Emerging out of the industrialized Western economies, global firms created and co-created markets and ecosystems through their... View Details
      Keywords: Global Business; Multinational; Globalization; Business History; Strategy; Africa; Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; North and Central America; Oceania
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      Jones, Geoffrey. "Origins and Development of Global Business." Chap. 2 in The Routledge Companion to the Makers of Global Business, edited by Teresa da Silva Lopes, Christina Lubinski, and Heidi J.S. Tworek, 17–34. New York: Routledge, 2019.
      • July 2019
      • Article

      Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation

      By: Samuel Antill and Steven R. Grenadier
      We model a firm’s optimal capital structure decision in a framework in which it may later choose to enter either Chapter 11 reorganization or Chapter 7 liquidation. Creditors anticipate equityholders’ ex-post reorganization incentives and price them into the ex-ante... View Details
      Keywords: Default; Dynamic Bargaining; Capital Structure; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Mathematical Methods
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      Antill, Samuel, and Steven R. Grenadier. "Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation." Journal of Financial Economics 133, no. 1 (July 2019): 198–224.
      • April 2019
      • Technical Note

      A Note on Boards in VC-Backed Ventures

      By: Shikhar Ghosh, Ramana Nanda, Suraj Srinivasan and Terrence Shu
      What is the value of a Board, and why does a company need one? The note documents the formal role of a Board of Directors as going beyond simply acting as legal representation of corporate ownership. Moreover, this role changes as the company moves through different... View Details
      Keywords: Founders; Business Startup; Board; Board Of Directors; Business Startups; Governing and Advisory Boards; Venture Capital; Entrepreneurship
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, Ramana Nanda, Suraj Srinivasan, and Terrence Shu. "A Note on Boards in VC-Backed Ventures." Harvard Business School Technical Note 819-128, April 2019.
      • March 2019
      • Supplement

      KITEA (F): Expanding in Africa

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Gamze Yucaoglu
      he case opens in 2018 after KITEA has recorded two years of double-digit sales growth following IKEA’s entry into the Moroccan market. It then traces the factors that contributed to KITEA’s success and that led Tana Africa Capital Limited to acquire a minority stake in... View Details
      Keywords: Retail; KITEA; IKEA; Furniture; Furniture Industry; Entry Strategy; Responding To Entry; Localization; Competitive Interaction; Private Sector; For-Profit Firms; Business Strategy; Strategic Planning; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Adaptation; Corporate Strategy; Success; Expansion; Strategy; Retail Industry; Africa; North Africa; Morocco
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "KITEA (F): Expanding in Africa." Harvard Business School Supplement 719-423, March 2019.
      • January 2019 (Revised December 2019)
      • Case

      CrossBoundary Energy

      By: John Macomber
      Almost 500 million people are without electricity in sub-Saharan Africa. Governments and public utilities are challenged to bring generation and distribution to most of them. Considerable promise exists in “off-grid” or “mini-grid” technologies, notably using renewable... View Details
      Keywords: Energy Investing; Economic Development; Renewable Energy; Business Growth and Maturation; Developing Countries and Economies; Project Finance; Emerging Markets; Industry Structures; Infrastructure; Segmentation; Private Equity; Decision Choices and Conditions; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Africa; Tanzania; Ghana
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      Macomber, John. "CrossBoundary Energy." Harvard Business School Case 219-089, January 2019. (Revised December 2019.)
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