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- Faculty Publications (90)
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- All HBS Web (306)
- Faculty Publications (90)
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- November 2009 (Revised June 2012)
- Supplement
Crisis and Reform in Japan's Banking System (B)
By: Thierry Porte, Rawi E. Abdelal, Laura Alfaro and Jonathan Schlefer
In 1997, amidst Japan's ongoing financial problems, Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto sought to restructure the financial sector to make it more transparent and globally competitive. He hoped that this effort, dubbed the "Big Bang" after the British financial... View Details
Keywords: History; Adaptation; Policy; Globalized Markets and Industries; Financial Crisis; Business and Government Relations; Macroeconomics; Restructuring; Global Strategy; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry; Japan
Porte, Thierry, Rawi E. Abdelal, Laura Alfaro, and Jonathan Schlefer. "Crisis and Reform in Japan's Banking System (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 710-037, November 2009. (Revised June 2012.)
- Article
Undermining Value-Based Purchasing — Lessons from the Pharmaceutical Industry
By: Leemore S. Dafny, Christopher Ody and Matt Schmitt
The analogy between value-based purchasing in pharmaceuticals and the new frontier of alternative payment models for health care providers is relatively straightforward. Insurers are increasingly demanding steep discounts from providers in exchange for inclusion in... View Details
Keywords: Drug Copayment Coupons; Prescription Drug Policy; Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Cost; Policy; Pharmaceutical Industry
Dafny, Leemore S., Christopher Ody, and Matt Schmitt. "Undermining Value-Based Purchasing — Lessons from the Pharmaceutical Industry." New England Journal of Medicine 375, no. 21 (November 24, 2016): 2013–2015.
- December 2003 (Revised October 2005)
- Case
High-Definition TV: The Grand Alliance
Describes political and economic forces that influenced the development of an all-digital, high-definition television (HDTV) standard in the United States between 1986 and 1996. Outlines the stakes for various government and industry participants in the... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Investment; Policy; Management Practices and Processes; Emerging Markets; Standards; Business and Government Relations; Networks; Research and Development; Technology Adoption; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Technology Industry; Japan; Europe; United States
Eisenmann, Thomas R. "High-Definition TV: The Grand Alliance." Harvard Business School Case 804-103, December 2003. (Revised October 2005.)
- November 2018 (Revised August 2020)
- Case
The Reinvention of Kodak
By: Ryan Raffaelli and Christine Snively
The Eastman Kodak Company (Kodak) was a name familiar to most Americans. The company had dominated the film and photography industry through most of the 20th Century and was known for making affordable cameras (and the “Kodak Moment”) and supplying the movie industry... View Details
Keywords: CEO; Leadership; Asset Management; Transformation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Competitive Strategy
Raffaelli, Ryan, and Christine Snively. "The Reinvention of Kodak." Harvard Business School Case 419-012, November 2018. (Revised August 2020.)
- October 2007 (Revised January 2008)
- Case
The Transformation of Thomson
By: David J. Collis and Troy Smith
Thomson, a French multinational, went through a decade of dramatic change in the early years of the 21st century. From a state-owned enterprise earning 97% of its revenue from television sets and other analog consumer electronics, Thomson had become a publicly traded... View Details
Keywords: Transformation; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Technology Industry; France
Collis, David J., and Troy Smith. "The Transformation of Thomson." Harvard Business School Case 708-428, October 2007. (Revised January 2008.)
- Article
Capabilities, Cognition and Inertia: Evidence from Digital Imaging
By: M. Tripsas and G. Gavetti
There is empirical evidence that established firms often have difficulty adapting to radical technological change. Although prior work in the evolutionary tradition emphasizes the inertial forces associated with the local nature of learning processes, little... View Details
Tripsas, M., and G. Gavetti. "Capabilities, Cognition and Inertia: Evidence from Digital Imaging." Strategic Management Journal 21, nos. 10-11 (October–November 2000): 1147–1161.
- March 2007 (Revised April 2007)
- Case
Fujifilm: A Second Foundation
Fujifilm was the second largest manufacturer of photographic film in the world when digital imaging began to substitute for its core business. In contrast to some photography incumbents, such as Polaroid, Fuji had a relatively successful transition to digital imaging.... View Details
Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Transition; Mission and Purpose; Globalized Markets and Industries; Opportunities; Electronics Industry; Technology Industry
Gavetti, Giovanni M., Mary Tripsas, and Yaichi Aoshima. "Fujifilm: A Second Foundation." Harvard Business School Case 807-137, March 2007. (Revised April 2007.)
- 2009
- Article
An Evolutionary Approach to Financial History
Financial history is not conventionally thought of in evolutionary terms, but it should be. Traditional ways of thinking about finance, dating back to Hilferding, emphasize the importance of concentration and economies of scale. But these approaches overlook the rich... View Details
Ferguson, Niall. "An Evolutionary Approach to Financial History." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, no. 74 (2009): 449–454.
- 2025
- Article
Ideation with Generative AI—In Consumer Research and Beyond
By: Julian De Freitas, G. Nave and Stefano Puntoni
The use of large language models (LLMs) in consumer research is rapidly evolving, with applications including synthetic data generation, data analysis, and more. However, their role in creative ideation—a cornerstone of consumer research—remains underexplored. Drawing... View Details
De Freitas, Julian, G. Nave, and Stefano Puntoni. "Ideation with Generative AI—In Consumer Research and Beyond." Journal of Consumer Research (2025).
- Article
Lessons From Hollywood: A New Approach To Funding R&D
By: Gary P. Pisano and Andrew W. Lo
Companies find it increasingly difficult to justify long-term, risky R&D investments—particularly in science-based fields such as biotechnology, advanced materials, and energy. We argue in this article that the traditional venture model has limits for such investments... View Details
Keywords: Financial Innovation; Financial Strategy; Project Management; R＆D; Start-up; Innovation Strategy; Business Model; Research and Development; Financial Management; Risk Management; Strategy
Pisano, Gary P., and Andrew W. Lo. "Lessons From Hollywood: A New Approach To Funding R&D." MIT Sloan Management Review 57, no. 2 (Winter 2016): 47–54.
- March 2016 (Revised May 2016)
- Case
UFO Moviez—Gentle Disruption
By: Hong Luo, Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Saloni Chaturvedi
UFO Moviez is an Indian technology services provider that enables low-cost, digital delivery of films to cinemas. UFO’s satellite-based technology enables a significantly wider release of films compared to traditional analog prints and standard, higher-resolution... View Details
Keywords: Film Entertainment; Information Technology; Distribution; Disruption; Growth and Development Strategy; Technology Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; India
Luo, Hong, Felix Oberholzer-Gee, and Saloni Chaturvedi. "UFO Moviez—Gentle Disruption." Harvard Business School Case 716-447, March 2016. (Revised May 2016.)
- 2015
- Working Paper
Crowdfunding as 'Donations': Theory & Evidence
By: Kevin J. Boudreau, Lars Bo Jeppesen, Toke Reichstein and Francesco Rullani
For a wide class of crowdfunding approaches, we argue that the reward structure (for funders) is closer to that of charitable donations to public goods than it is to traditional entrepreneurial finance. Many features of the design of crowdfunding platforms can... View Details
Keywords: Crowdfunding Platforms; Entrepreneurial Finance; Free-riding; Voluntary Contributions To Public Goods; Online Technology; Entrepreneurship; Social and Collaborative Networks; Finance; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving
Boudreau, Kevin J., Lars Bo Jeppesen, Toke Reichstein, and Francesco Rullani. "Crowdfunding as 'Donations': Theory & Evidence." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-038, September 2015.
- 17 Mar 2015
- First Look
First Look: March 17
Transformation from Analog to Digital This note examines the evolution of the thermostat industry as it transitioned from analog to digital technologies. It presents an overview of key industry participants... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- May 2017
- Case
CNS Worldwide
By: Robert J. Dolan and Karthik Easwar
CNS Worldwide has long been the market share leader in the IaaS cloud server market, yet it has remained unprofitable for years. Industry capacity utilization is low, and prices have declined over 70% over the last decade. CNS is considering withdrawing from the market... View Details
Dolan, Robert J., and Karthik Easwar. "CNS Worldwide." Harvard Business School Brief Case 917-531, May 2017.
- 2022
- Book
Corporate Explorer: How Corporations Beat Startups at the Innovation Game
By: Andrew Binns, Charles A. O'Reilly III and Michael Tushman
Innovation used to be seen as a game best left to entrepreneurs, but now a new breed of corporate managers is flipping this logic on its head. These Corporate Explorers have the insight, resilience, and discipline to overcome the obstacles and build new ventures from... View Details
Keywords: Organization Change And Adaptation; Disruptive Innovation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Innovation and Management; Leading Change
Binns, Andrew, Charles A. O'Reilly III, and Michael Tushman. Corporate Explorer: How Corporations Beat Startups at the Innovation Game. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2022.
- 2013
- Working Paper
Adjusting National Accounting for Health: Is the Business Cycle Countercyclical?
By: Mark Egan, Casey B. Mulligan and Tomas J. Philipson
Many national accounts of economic output and prosperity, such as gross domestic product (GDP) or net domestic product (NDP), offer an incomplete picture by ignoring, for example, the value of leisure, home production, and the value of health. Previous discussed... View Details
Egan, Mark, Casey B. Mulligan, and Tomas J. Philipson. "Adjusting National Accounting for Health: Is the Business Cycle Countercyclical?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 19058, May 2013.
- July 2023 (Revised October 2024)
- Case
Revenue Recognition at Stride Funding: Making Sense of Revenues for a Fintech Startup
By: Paul M. Healy and Jung Koo Kang
The case explores the challenges of revenue recognition and financial reporting for Stride Funding (Stride), a fintech startup that has disrupted the student loan market. Stride leveraged proprietary machine learning and financial models to underwrite alternative... View Details
Keywords: Revenue Recognition; Financial Reporting; Entrepreneurial Finance; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Governance Compliance; Accrual Accounting; Financial Services Industry; United States
Healy, Paul M., and Jung Koo Kang. "Revenue Recognition at Stride Funding: Making Sense of Revenues for a Fintech Startup." Harvard Business School Case 124-015, July 2023. (Revised October 2024.)
- August 2022
- Article
The Bulletproof Glass Effect: Unintended Consequences of Privacy Notices
By: Aaron R. Brough, David A. Norton, Shannon L. Sciarappa and Leslie K. John
Drawing from a content analysis of publicly traded companies’ privacy notices, a survey of managers, a field study, and five online experiments, this research investigates how consumers respond to privacy notices. A privacy notice, by placing legally enforceable limits... View Details
Keywords: Choice; Purchase Intent; Privacy; Privacy Notices; Warnings; Assurances; Information Disclosure; Trust; Consumer Behavior; Spending; Decisions; Information; Communication
Brough, Aaron R., David A. Norton, Shannon L. Sciarappa, and Leslie K. John. "The Bulletproof Glass Effect: Unintended Consequences of Privacy Notices." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 59, no. 4 (August 2022): 739–754.
- June 2008
- Journal Article
Strategic Alliances: Bridges Between 'Islands of Conscious Power'
By: George P. Baker, Robert Gibbons and Kevin J. Murphy
Strategic alliances range from unstructured collaborations, through consortia and joint ventures that superimpose new governance structures on existing firms, to transactions that restructure firm boundaries and asset ownership. In this paper, we draw on detailed... View Details
Baker, George P., Robert Gibbons, and Kevin J. Murphy. "Strategic Alliances: Bridges Between 'Islands of Conscious Power'." Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 22, no. 2 (June 2008): 146–163.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Options-Pricing Formula with Disaster Risk
By: Robert J. Barro and Gordon Y. Liao
A new options-pricing formula applies to far-out-of-the money put options on the overall stock market when disaster risk is the dominant force, the size distribution of disasters follows a power law, and the economy has a representative agent with Epstein-Zin utility.... View Details
Barro, Robert J., and Gordon Y. Liao. "Options-Pricing Formula with Disaster Risk." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 21888, January 2016.