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      • March 2022 (Revised December 2022)
      • Case

      Perch

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Stacy Straaberg and Julia Kelley
      In May 2021, Perch CEO Chris Bell needed to decide whether his e-commerce aggregator company, which bought and scaled Amazon Marketplace brands, should acquire up to three acquisition targets. The prospective acquisitions, Web Deals Direct, HomeCo, and Future Brands,... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Acquisition; Business Growth and Maturation; Decision Making; Cost vs Benefits; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decisions; Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Strategy; Business Strategy; Integration; E-commerce; Consumer Products Industry; Retail Industry; Technology Industry; North America; United States; Massachusetts; Boston; California; Asia; Philippines
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Stacy Straaberg, and Julia Kelley. "Perch." Harvard Business School Case 822-087, March 2022. (Revised December 2022.)
      • March 2022
      • Teaching Note

      Sawiris Foundation: Elevating Education in Egypt

      By: Brian Trelstad and Alpana Thapar
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 322-023. Founded in 2001 by the Sawiris family, one of the wealthiest families in Egypt, the Sawiris Foundation for Social Development (SFSD) invested in human capital and provision of basic social services for the most marginalized... View Details
      Keywords: Sustainable Development; Human Capital; Equality and Inequality; Education; Business Strategy; Social Enterprise; Social Issues; Partners and Partnerships; Growth and Development Strategy; Education Industry; Egypt
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Alpana Thapar. "Sawiris Foundation: Elevating Education in Egypt." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 322-061, March 2022.
      • March 2022
      • Article

      Targeting High Ability Entrepreneurs Using Community Information: Mechanism Design in the Field

      By: Reshmaan Hussam, Natalia Rigol and Benjamin N. Roth
      Identifying high-growth microentrepreneurs in low-income countries remains a challenge due to a scarcity of verifiable information. With a cash grant experiment in India we demonstrate that community knowledge can help target high-growth microentrepreneurs; while the... View Details
      Keywords: Microentrepreneurs; Community Information; Field Experiment; Loans; Entrepreneurship; Developing Countries and Economies; Financing and Loans; Information; Mathematical Methods; India
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      Hussam, Reshmaan, Natalia Rigol, and Benjamin N. Roth. "Targeting High Ability Entrepreneurs Using Community Information: Mechanism Design in the Field." American Economic Review 112, no. 3 (March 2022): 861–898.
      (Online Appendix with Corrigendum—Thanks to Isabella Masetto, Diego Ubfal, and The Institute for Replication for identifying a minor coding error in the production of Table 4.)
      • Article

      The Messy but Essential Pursuit of Purpose

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      Most forward-thinking executives have embraced the notion that purpose-driven companies can solve social and environmental problems while also generating wealth, creating win-win outcomes that benefit everyone. But ideal solutions are rare. Many purpose-driven... View Details
      Keywords: Purpose; Sustainability; Mission and Purpose; Social Issues; Environmental Sustainability; Profit; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Decision Making
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      Gulati, Ranjay. "The Messy but Essential Pursuit of Purpose." Harvard Business Review 100, no. 2 (March–April 2022): 45–55.
      • February 2022 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Resident 2020

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Thomas O. Jones
      Launched in 2016, Resident was a leading player in the direct-to-consumer bed-in-a-box mattress market, where it was one of at least 175 venture-backed companies competing in the space. By late 2020, it had realized over $500 million in revenue, profitability in the... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Marketing; Business Growth and Maturation; Operations; Entrepreneurship; Competitive Strategy; Initial Public Offering; Decisions; Marketing Strategy; Cash Flow; Demand and Consumers
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Thomas O. Jones. "Resident 2020." Harvard Business School Case 822-114, February 2022. (Revised May 2025.)
      • February 2022 (Revised May 2022)
      • Case

      Jaypee Infratech and the Indian Bankruptcy Code

      By: Kristin Mugford, William Vrattos and Radhika Kak
      In 2016, India passed a new bankruptcy law (IBC) to counter a brewing bank crisis and increased corporate distress. Homebuilder Jaypee Infratech, one of India largest distressed companies (the “dirty dozen”) began restructuring under the IBC in 2017. Two years later,... View Details
      Keywords: Restructuring; Decisions; Judgments; Voting; Developing Countries and Economies; Financial Crisis; Public Sector; Asset Pricing; Borrowing and Debt; Corporate Finance; Credit; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Debt Securities; Bonds; Investment Return; Price; Government Legislation; Laws and Statutes; Bids and Bidding; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Valuation; Real Estate Industry; India; Delhi
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      Mugford, Kristin, William Vrattos, and Radhika Kak. "Jaypee Infratech and the Indian Bankruptcy Code." Harvard Business School Case 222-071, February 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
      • February 2022 (Revised March 2022)
      • Case

      Hertz in Bankruptcy: A Wild Ride in Pandemic Times

      By: Samuel Antill, Stuart Gilson and Kristin Mugford
      Hertz filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in response to asset-backed securities (ABS) obligations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Enthusiastic Robinhood investors and shrewd negotiating tactics helped Hertz stabilize. Roughly nine months into the bankruptcy, Hertz received... View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy Reorganization; COVID-19 Pandemic; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Health Pandemics; Valuation; Capital Structure; Negotiation; Private Equity; Travel Industry; United States
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      Antill, Samuel, Stuart Gilson, and Kristin Mugford. "Hertz in Bankruptcy: A Wild Ride in Pandemic Times." Harvard Business School Case 222-064, February 2022. (Revised March 2022.)
      • February 2022 (Revised October 2022)
      • Case

      Ample Hills Creamery

      By: Tom Eisenmann, Lindsay N. Hyde and Tom Quinn
      Ample Hills Creamery started in 2010 as a temporary ice cream pushcart in Brooklyn, New York City. On the strength of inventive flavors and clever marketing, husband-and-wife founders Brian Smith and Jackie Cuscuna built a premium, artisanal dessert empire of 16 retail... View Details
      Keywords: Brands and Branding; Business Growth and Maturation; Partners and Partnerships; Logistics; Profit; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Eisenmann, Tom, Lindsay N. Hyde, and Tom Quinn. "Ample Hills Creamery." Harvard Business School Case 822-073, February 2022. (Revised October 2022.)
      • February 2022
      • Supplement

      SpartanNash Company: The Amazon Warrants (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
      As of 12/31/21, Amazon held $22 billion of equity and warrants in related companies. In fact, it often requests a free grant of warrants when it enters into a new commercial agreement with a supplier. Over the past 20 years, Amazon has gotten warrants almost 20... View Details
      Keywords: Valuation; Value Creation; Consumer Behavior; Negotiation; Distribution; Ownership; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Equity; Food and Beverage Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., E. Scott Mayfield, and Daniel Fisher. "SpartanNash Company: The Amazon Warrants (A)." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 222-704, February 2022.
      • February 2022 (Revised April 2022)
      • Case

      BUA Group

      By: John D. Macomber, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Wale Lawal
      BUA Group must decide between investments in cement, road building, power generation, or sugar. Private businesses are important to economic development in Africa. Students must assess the competitive nature of each of these industries, the magnitude of capital... View Details
      Keywords: Investing; Transportation; Strategy; Project Finance; Agribusiness; Construction; Infrastructure; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Nigeria; Africa
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      Macomber, John D., Pippa Tubman Armerding, and Wale Lawal. "BUA Group." Harvard Business School Case 222-062, February 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
      • February 2022 (Revised April 2022)
      • Case

      Pushing Past the Boundaries of ESG Investing: AQR Capital Management

      By: Lauren H. Cohen, Richard B. Evans, Umit G. Gurun and Quoc H. Nguyen
      Cliff Asness was facing a dilemma into how he would plunge his hedge fund into the hottest investment area worldwide—ESG Investing. Founder and managing principal of AQR—one the most storied quantitative hedge funds in the world—Asness knew anything less than a big... View Details
      Keywords: ESG; Hedge Fund; Investment; Equity; Green Technology
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      Cohen, Lauren H., Richard B. Evans, Umit G. Gurun, and Quoc H. Nguyen. "Pushing Past the Boundaries of ESG Investing: AQR Capital Management." Harvard Business School Case 222-058, February 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
      • February 2022 (Revised November 2022)
      • Case

      Fondeadora

      By: Álvaro Rodríguez Arregui and Mitchell Weiss
      Norman Müller and René Serrano, cofounders of Fondeadora, a Mexican “neobank,” had lined up a $12.5 million in Series A funding round in 2020 only to run into a major obstacle: The lead investor was Gradient Ventures, a venture firm launched by Alphabet, Inc., and... View Details
      Keywords: Fundraising; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Financial Institutions; Business Startups; Government Legislation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Financial Strategy; Financial Services Industry; Mexico City; Latin America
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      Rodríguez Arregui, Álvaro, and Mitchell Weiss. "Fondeadora." Harvard Business School Case 822-077, February 2022. (Revised November 2022.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      The Transformation of Self Employment

      By: Innessa Colaiacovo, Margaret Dalton, Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr
      Over the past half-century, while self-employment has consistently accounted for around one in ten of the United States workforce, its composition has changed. Since 1970, industries with high startup capital requirements have declined from 53% of self-employment to... View Details
      Keywords: Self-employment; Startup Investment; Occupational Choice; Financing; Small Business; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Financing and Loans
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      Colaiacovo, Innessa, Margaret Dalton, Sari Pekkala Kerr, and William R. Kerr. "The Transformation of Self Employment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-051, January 2022.
      • Article

      Costs Without Value When Treating Pediatric Behavioral Patients in the ED

      By: Marcella Jewell, Syed S. Shehab, Robert S. Kaplan, Jack Fanton and Joeli Hettler
      Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) visits have greatly increased in recent years. An academic pediatric ED that annually treats about 1,000 behavioral health patients conducted a study to assess the true cost of caring for nonacute behavioral health patients. It... View Details
      Keywords: Costs; Value; Healthcare; Health Care and Treatment; Cost Management
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      Jewell, Marcella, Syed S. Shehab, Robert S. Kaplan, Jack Fanton, and Joeli Hettler. "Costs Without Value When Treating Pediatric Behavioral Patients in the ED." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 3, no. 2 (February 2022).
      • February 2022
      • Case

      NFX Capital and Moov Technologies

      By: Scott Duke Kominers and Nicole Tempest Keller
      In July 2019, James Currier, a general partner at San Francisco-based NFX Ventures, was considering a seed stage investment of $1.5 million in Moov Technologies, a B2B marketplace for used industrial equipment. NFX was a venture capital firm focused on seed-stage... View Details
      Keywords: Venture Capital; Network Effects; Marketplace Matching; Digital Platforms; Market Design; Applications and Software; Semiconductor Industry; Financial Services Industry; San Francisco
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      Kominers, Scott Duke, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "NFX Capital and Moov Technologies." Harvard Business School Case 822-045, February 2022.
      • February 2022
      • Article

      Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt

      By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and William L. Skimmyhorn
      Does automatic enrollment into a retirement plan increase financial distress due to increased borrowing outside the plan? We study a natural experiment created when the U.S. Army began automatically enrolling newly hired civilian employees into the Thrift Savings Plan.... View Details
      Keywords: Retirement Savings; Automatic Enrollment; Choice Architecture; Nudge; Financial Distress; Retirement; Saving; Borrowing and Debt; Behavior
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      Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, and William L. Skimmyhorn. "Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt." Journal of Finance 77, no. 1 (February 2022): 403–447.
      • Article

      How Market Power Affects Dynamic Pricing: Evidence from Inventory Fluctuations at Car Dealerships

      By: Ayelet Israeli, Fiona Scott-Morton, Jorge Silva-Risso and Florian Zettelmeyer
      This paper investigates empirically the effect of market power on dynamic pricing in the presence of inventories. Our setting is the auto retail industry; we analyze how automotive dealerships adjust prices to inventory levels under varying degrees of market power. We... View Details
      Keywords: Dynamic Pricing; Market Power; Pricing; Price Discrimination; Inventory Production; Marketing; Price; Competitive Strategy; Auto Industry; Retail Industry
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      Israeli, Ayelet, Fiona Scott-Morton, Jorge Silva-Risso, and Florian Zettelmeyer. "How Market Power Affects Dynamic Pricing: Evidence from Inventory Fluctuations at Car Dealerships." Management Science 68, no. 2 (February 2022): 895–916.
      • February 2022 (Revised March 2022)
      • Case

      MicroStrategy's Investment in Bitcoin

      By: C. Fritz Foley
      At the end of the second quarter of 2020, MicroStrategy, a Virginia based provider of analytics software and services, announced plans to acquire and hold bitcoin as a part of the firm’s treasury reserve policy and corporate strategy. Within a year, the firm purchased... View Details
      Keywords: Bitcoin; Corporate Strategy; Acquisition; Investment Portfolio; Capital Structure; Equity
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      Foley, C. Fritz. "MicroStrategy's Investment in Bitcoin." Harvard Business School Case 222-048, February 2022. (Revised March 2022.)
      • 2022
      • Article

      Missing Novelty in Drug Development

      By: Joshua Krieger, Danielle Li and Dimitris Papanikolaou
      We provide evidence that risk aversion leads pharmaceutical firms to underinvest in radical innovation. We introduce a new measure of drug novelty based on chemical similarity and show that firms face a risk-reward trade-off: novel drug candidates are less likely to... View Details
      Keywords: Drug Development; Risk Aversion; Research and Development; Innovation and Invention; Investment; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Krieger, Joshua, Danielle Li, and Dimitris Papanikolaou. "Missing Novelty in Drug Development." Review of Financial Studies 35, no. 2 (February 2022): 636–679.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program

      By: Sergey Chernenko and David S. Scharfstein
      Using a large sample of Florida restaurants, we document significant racial disparities in borrowing through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) and investigate the causes of these disparities. Black-owned restaurants are 25% less likely to receive PPP loans.... View Details
      Keywords: Discrimination; Paycheck Protection Program; Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Bank Lending; Nonbank Lending; Banks and Banking; Financing and Loans; Prejudice and Bias; Race
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      Chernenko, Sergey, and David S. Scharfstein. "Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program." SSRN Working Paper Series, August 2021. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29748, February 2022.)
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