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- All HBS Web
(2,157)
- People (2)
- News (469)
- Research (1,561)
- Events (1)
- Multimedia (13)
- Faculty Publications (1,185)
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- March 2021 (Revised January 2023)
- Case
The Trouble with TCE
By: Vincent Pons, Rafael Di Tella and Galit Goldstein
Trichloroethylene, or TCE, was a chemical used by tens of thousands of businesses in the United States. It was an affordable tool for many. Yet, TCE had been associated with important health risks, including cancer and autoimmune disease. TCE potentially posed other... View Details
Keywords: Trichloroethylene; Toxicity; Lobbying; Chemicals; Health Disorders; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Ethics; Business and Government Relations; Chemical Industry; United States
Pons, Vincent, Rafael Di Tella, and Galit Goldstein. "The Trouble with TCE." Harvard Business School Case 721-031, March 2021. (Revised January 2023.)
- January 2018
- Article
The Central and Unacknowledged Role of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the Design and Execution of Medical Device Pivotal Trials
By: Aaron V. Kaplan and Ariel D. Stern
The introduction of new medical devices has transformed cardiovascular care in recent decades. Devices, such as heart valves, pacemakers, stents, ventricular assist devices, and implantable defibrillators, have prolonged and improved the quality of life for millions of... View Details
Keywords: Health Testing and Trials; Business and Government Relations; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Information Publishing; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; United States
Kaplan, Aaron V., and Ariel D. Stern. "The Central and Unacknowledged Role of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the Design and Execution of Medical Device Pivotal Trials." JAMA Cardiology 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 5–6.
- April – May 2010
- Article
Banking Deregulations, Financing Constraints and Firm Entry Size
By: William R. Kerr and Ramana Nanda
We examine the effect of US branch banking deregulations on the entry size of new firms using micro-data from the US Census Bureau. We find that the average entry size for startups did not change following the deregulations. However, among firms that survived at least... View Details
Keywords: Business Startups; Financing and Loans; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Market Entry and Exit; Banking Industry; United States
Kerr, William R., and Ramana Nanda. "Banking Deregulations, Financing Constraints and Firm Entry Size." Journal of the European Economic Association 8, nos. 2-3 (April–May 2010): 582–593.
- September 2008 (Revised September 2011)
- Background Note
Note: Credit Rating Agencies
The note examines the role of credit rating agencies in capital markets, with emphasis on the role of these agencies in the recent credit crisis and recommendations for change. View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Capital Markets; Credit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Standards
Fruhan, William E. "Note: Credit Rating Agencies." Harvard Business School Background Note 209-056, September 2008. (Revised September 2011.)
- February 2025
- Article
Disclosure, Humanizing, and Contextual Vulnerability of Generative AI Chatbots
By: Julian De Freitas and I. Glenn Cohen
In the wake of recent advancements in generative AI, regulatory bodies are trying to keep pace. One key decision is whether to require app makers to disclose the use of generative AI-powered chatbots in their products. We suggest that some generative AI-based chatbots... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Applications and Software; Well-being
De Freitas, Julian, and I. Glenn Cohen. "Disclosure, Humanizing, and Contextual Vulnerability of Generative AI Chatbots." New England Journal of Medicine AI 2, no. 2 (February 2025).
- December 2023
- Case
The American Bully XL
By: Robin Greenwood, Richard S. Ruback, Johnathan Sun and Robert Ialenti
The American Bully XL, first introduced to the United Kingdom around 2014, had been held responsible for a disproportionate share of both dog-related attacks and deaths. The case discusses the announcement, in October 2023, that the dog breed would be added to a list... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Government Administration; Laws and Statutes; Risk and Uncertainty; United Kingdom
Greenwood, Robin, Richard S. Ruback, Johnathan Sun, and Robert Ialenti. "The American Bully XL." Harvard Business School Case 224-051, December 2023.
- 2017
- Working Paper
Creating the Market for Organic Wine: Sulfites, Certification, and Green Values
By: Geoffrey Jones and Emily Grandjean
This working paper examines the history of organic wine, which provides a case study of failed category creation. The modern organic wine industry emerged during the 1970s in the United States and Western Europe, but it struggled to gain traction compared to other... View Details
Keywords: Product Launch; Failure; Problems and Challenges; Complexity; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
Jones, Geoffrey, and Emily Grandjean. "Creating the Market for Organic Wine: Sulfites, Certification, and Green Values." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-048, December 2017.
- July 2010
- Supplement
Post-Crisis Compensation at Credit Suisse (B)
By: Clayton S. Rose and Aldo Sesia
The (B) case describes how Credit Suisse management allocated the cost of the 25% U.K. banker's tax among shareholders, U.K. managing directors, and the other employees globally. View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Cost; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Taxation; Compensation and Benefits; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Switzerland; United Kingdom
Rose, Clayton S., and Aldo Sesia. "Post-Crisis Compensation at Credit Suisse (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 311-006, July 2010.
- 2010
- Chapter
From Visible Harm to Relative Risk: Centralization and Fragmentation of Pharmacovigilance
By: Arthur A. Daemmrich
Adverse drug reactions pose distinct but potentially catastrophic risks to patients, physicians, pharmaceutical firms, and regulators. Between the early 1960s and the present, national systems were built to collect, standardize, and respond to individual reports of... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Health Testing and Trials; Business and Government Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Safety; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
Daemmrich, Arthur A. "From Visible Harm to Relative Risk: Centralization and Fragmentation of Pharmacovigilance." Chap. 13 in The Fragmentation of U.S. Health Care: Causes and Solutions, edited by Einer Elhauge, 301–322. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
- April 2024
- Article
Model-based Financial Regulations Impair the Transition to Net-zero Carbon Emissions
By: Matteo Gasparini, Matthew C. Ives, Ben Carr, Sophie Fry and Eric Beinhocker
Investments via the financial system are essential for fostering the green transition. However, the role of existing financial regulations in influencing investment decisions is understudied. Here we analyse data from the European Banking Authority to show that... View Details
Gasparini, Matteo, Matthew C. Ives, Ben Carr, Sophie Fry, and Eric Beinhocker. "Model-based Financial Regulations Impair the Transition to Net-zero Carbon Emissions." Nature Climate Change 14, no. 5 (April 2024): 434–435.
- 02 Nov 2009
- Research & Ideas
Shareholders Need a Say on Pay
particular tool put forward in reforms is the idea of "say on pay," which gives shareholders a non-binding vote on executive compensation and severance packages. The Obama administration has proposed requiring it in all public... View Details
- 28 Jul 2003
- Research & Ideas
It’s India Above China in New World Order
government should speed up its reforms in the internal sector rather than scale back external sector reforms. Q: On the influence of émigrés, you write, "With the help of its diaspora, China has won the race to be the world's... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
- 20 Jan 2010
- First Look
First Look: Jan. 20
factors causing the crisis but also evaluating the government responses to date and suggesting practical reforms for the future. Catering Through Nominal Share Prices Authors:Malcolm Baker, Robin Greenwood, and Jeffrey Wurgler... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- 10 Jul 2020
- Working Paper Summaries
Making Economics More Useful: How Technological Eclecticism Could Help
Keywords: by Amar Bhidé
- 2011
- Article
Organizational Errors: Directions for Future Research
By: Paul S. Goodman, Rangaraj Ramanujam, John S. Carroll and Amy C. Edmondson
The goal of this paper is to promote research about organizational errors—i.e., the actions of multiple organizational participants that deviate from organizationally specified rules and can potentially result in adverse organizational outcomes. To that end, we advance... View Details
Keywords: Research; Organizations; Interests; Managerial Roles; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Management Practices and Processes; Learning
Goodman, Paul S., Rangaraj Ramanujam, John S. Carroll, and Amy C. Edmondson. "Organizational Errors: Directions for Future Research." Research in Organizational Behavior 31 (2011): 151–176.
- March 2012 (Revised February 2013)
- Background Note
The Hybrid Vehicle Market
By: Michael W. Toffel and Nazli Z. Uludere Aragon
This note describes the hybrid electic vehicle market, the results of different automaker strategies, and the environmental regulatory issues that can promote or inhibit market growth in the United States. Introduces students to the technologies and regulatory aspects... View Details
Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Environmental Sustainability; Product Development; Information Technology; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Auto Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Japan; United States
Toffel, Michael W., and Nazli Z. Uludere Aragon. "The Hybrid Vehicle Market." Harvard Business School Background Note 612-084, March 2012. (Revised February 2013.)
- August 2024
- Case
Zipline: Expanding the World's Largest Autonomous Drone Delivery Network
By: Tarun Khanna and George Gonzalez
Zipline initially established the world's largest logistics network in Rwanda and Ghana by delivering medical supplies to hospitals via automated drones from a centralized hub. The company is now looking to expand to the U.S. home delivery market and designed a... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Growth and Development Strategy; Logistics; Expansion; Air Transportation; Business Model; Rwanda; Ghana; United States
Khanna, Tarun, and George Gonzalez. "Zipline: Expanding the World's Largest Autonomous Drone Delivery Network." Harvard Business School Case 725-381, August 2024.
- Forthcoming
- Article
Calling All Issuers: The Market for Debt Monitoring
By: Huaizhi Chen, Lauren Cohen and Weiling Liu
95% of long-term municipal bonds have callable features, and yet we find new evidence of a substantial fraction of local governments exercising these valuable options sub-optimally, with significant delays – resulting in sizable losses. Using data from 2001 to 2019, we... View Details
Keywords: Bonds; Financial Institutions; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Government Administration; Financing and Loans
Chen, Huaizhi, Lauren Cohen, and Weiling Liu. "Calling All Issuers: The Market for Debt Monitoring." Management Science (forthcoming). (Pre-published online November 1, 2024.)
- 2022
- Article
Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response
By: Alexander MacKay and Samuel N. Weinstein
Pricing algorithms are rapidly transforming markets, from ride-sharing apps, to air travel, to online retail. Regulators and scholars have watched this development with a wary eye. Their focus so far has been on the potential for pricing algorithms to facilitate... View Details
Keywords: Competition Policy; Regulation; Algorithmic Pricing; Dynamic Pricing; Economics; Law And Economics; Law And Regulation; Consumer Protection; Antitrust Law; Industrial Organization; Antitrust Issues And Policies; Technological Change: Choices And Consequences; Competition; Policy; Price; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Microeconomics; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Law
MacKay, Alexander, and Samuel N. Weinstein. "Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response." Washington University Law Review 100, no. 1 (2022): 111–174. (Direct download.)