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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(6,032)
- People (7)
- News (945)
- Research (3,779)
- Events (61)
- Multimedia (61)
- Faculty Publications (2,743)
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- February 2015
- Background Note
A Note on the Affordable Care Act and the U.S. Health Care System
By: Joseph L. Bower and Michael Norris
This note provides an overview of the U.S. health care system as it stood in 2014, including an overview of hospitals, doctors, insurance companies, and other health care providers. It also discusses the major political actions on health care in the 20th century,... View Details
Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Policy; Political Process; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry; United States
Bower, Joseph L., and Michael Norris. "A Note on the Affordable Care Act and the U.S. Health Care System." Harvard Business School Background Note 315-031, January 2015.
- February 2024
- Supplement
Can Cities Beat the Heat? (B13): Seattle Climate Action Snapshot
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Hailey Chen and Jacob A. Small
Climate snapshots provide a summary of climate actions that occurred between 2018 and 2024, highlighting major green initiatives, innovations, carbon mitigation strategy, and action across multiple levels of government and the private sector. Snapshots also provide an... View Details
- Summer, 2018
- Article
Innovation, Reallocation and Growth
By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit, Harun Alp, Nicholas Bloom and William R. Kerr
We build a model of firm-level innovation, productivity growth, and reallocation featuring endogenous entry and exit. A new and central economic force is the selection between high- and low-type firms, which differ in terms of their innovative capacity. We estimate the... View Details
Keywords: Entry; Growth; Industrial Policy; Innovation; R＆D; Reallocation; Selection; Market Entry and Exit; Growth and Development; Innovation and Invention; Research and Development; Performance Productivity
Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, Harun Alp, Nicholas Bloom, and William R. Kerr. "Innovation, Reallocation and Growth." American Economic Review 108, no. 11 (November 2018): 3450–3491.
- March 2016
- Teaching Note
Advanced Leadership Pathways: Inge Skjelfjord and the Cacao Supply Chain
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone
Inge Skjelfjord, with a long career in international finance focused on agribusiness projects, had a vision to build a cacao research center that would help smallholder cacao farmers, who benefited the least from the chocolate value chain. He aimed to support the... View Details
- April 2010
- Supplement
Metabical: Pricing, Packaging, and Demand Forecasting Recommendations for a New Weight Loss Drug, Spreadsheet Supplement (Brief Case)
By: John A. Quelch and Heather Beckham
- April 2010
- Teaching Note
Metabical: Pricing, Packaging, and Demand Forecasting Recommendations for a New Weight Loss Drug (Brief Case)
By: John A. Quelch and Heather Beckham
Teaching Note to 4183 View Details
- August 2004
- Article
Appearing and Disappearing Dividends: The Link to Catering Incentives
By: Malcolm Baker and Jeffrey Wurgler
We document a close link between fluctuations in the propensity to pay dividends and catering incentives. First, we use the methodology of Fama and French (J. Finan. Econ. (2001)) to identify a total of four distinct trends in the propensity to pay dividends... View Details
Keywords: Dividends; Payout Policy; Catering; Dividend Premium; Investor Sentiment; Investment Return; Motivation and Incentives; Trends; Stocks; Financial Services Industry
Baker, Malcolm, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Appearing and Disappearing Dividends: The Link to Catering Incentives." Journal of Financial Economics 73, no. 2 (August 2004): 271–288.
- 2022
- Article
The Effects of Public and Private Equity Markets on Firm Behavior
By: Shai Bernstein
In this article, I review the theoretical and empirical literature on the effects of public and private equity markets on firm behavior, emphasizing the consequences that emerge from disclosure requirements, ownership concentration, and degree of firm standardization.... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Finance And Governance; Financing Policy; Commercialization; Capital Markets; Private Equity; Public Equity; Venture Capital; Innovation and Invention; Cost of Capital
Bernstein, Shai. "The Effects of Public and Private Equity Markets on Firm Behavior." Annual Review of Financial Economics 14 (2022): 295–318.
- April 2016 (Revised January 2017)
- Case
Orkestra – Basque Institute of Competitiveness
By: Michael E. Porter, Christian Ketels and Jesus M. Valdaliso
Porter, Michael E., Christian Ketels, and Jesus M. Valdaliso. "Orkestra – Basque Institute of Competitiveness." Harvard Business School Case 716-456, April 2016. (Revised January 2017.)
- 2019
- Book
Fintech, Small Business & the American Dream: How Technology Is Transforming Lending and Shaping a New Era of Small Business Opportunity
By: Karen G. Mills
Fintech, Small Business & the American Dream describes the needs of small businesses for capital and demonstrates how technology—novel data sources, artificial intelligence, machine learning—will transform the small business lending market. This market has been... View Details
Keywords: Fintech; Big Data; Data; Technology; Artificial Intelligence; Great Recession; Regulation; Innovation; Banks; Lending; Loans; Access To Capital; American Dream; Community Banking; Small Business Administration; Entrepreneur; Government; Public Policy; API; Policy Making; Small Business; Financing and Loans; Technological Innovation; Financial Crisis; Banks and Banking; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; United States
Mills, Karen G. Fintech, Small Business & the American Dream: How Technology Is Transforming Lending and Shaping a New Era of Small Business Opportunity. Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.
- February 2015
- Supplement
The Affordable Care Act (H): Implementation Begins
By: Joseph L. Bower and Michael Norris
In the spring of 2010, after the ACA is signed into law, the government begins implementation. View Details
Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Policy; Government And Politics; Health; Policy; Health Industry; United States
Bower, Joseph L., and Michael Norris. "The Affordable Care Act (H): Implementation Begins." Harvard Business School Supplement 315-039, February 2015.
- February 2015
- Supplement
The Affordable Care Act (F): Regaining Momentum
By: Joseph L. Bower and Michael Norris
In the fall of 2009, President Obama makes a speech to a joint session of Congress in an attempt to regain lost momentum on health reform and get a bill through Congress. View Details
Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Policy; Government And Politics; Health; Policy; Health Industry; United States
Bower, Joseph L., and Michael Norris. "The Affordable Care Act (F): Regaining Momentum." Harvard Business School Supplement 315-037, February 2015.
- February 2015
- Supplement
The Affordable Care Act (E): The August 2009 Recess
By: Joseph L. Bower and Michael Norris
During the Congress's August recess in 2009, the Tea Party makes a big push to stop the health reform bill moving through Congress. View Details
Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Policy; Government And Politics; Health; Policy; Health Industry; United States
Bower, Joseph L., and Michael Norris. "The Affordable Care Act (E): The August 2009 Recess." Harvard Business School Supplement 315-036, February 2015.
- February 2015
- Supplement
The Affordable Care Act (G): The Final Votes
By: Joseph L. Bower and Michael Norris
In the fall of 2009, the House and Senate each voted to pass health reform bills. These bills then had to be combined into the Affordable Care Act and the ACA had to be passed by both houses. Reconciliation had to be used because of Republican Scott Brown's Senate... View Details
Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Policy; Government And Politics; Health; Policy; Health Industry; United States
Bower, Joseph L., and Michael Norris. "The Affordable Care Act (G): The Final Votes." Harvard Business School Supplement 315-038, February 2015.
- April 2017 (Revised August 2018)
- Case
The U.S. Shale Revolution: Global Rebalancing?
By: Laura Alfaro and Richard H.K. Vietor
The American shale revolution has upended oil and gas markets for nearly a decade. Prices have risen then plunged, production has surged and then waned, LNG has boomed, and technology and productivity have improved. The U.S. energy policy, under the Obama... View Details
Keywords: Shale Oil; Shale Gas; LNG; Energy Policy; Drilling Technology; Energy; Trade; Economics; Macroeconomics; Policy; Energy Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Middle East
Alfaro, Laura, and Richard H.K. Vietor. "The U.S. Shale Revolution: Global Rebalancing?" Harvard Business School Case 717-056, April 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
- 2025
- Working Paper
Dynamic Personalization with Multiple Customer Signals: Multi-Response State Representation in Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement learning (RL) offers potential for optimizing sequences of customer interactions by modeling the relationships
between customer states, company actions, and long-term value. However, its practical implementation often faces significant
challenges.... View Details
Keywords: Dynamic Policy; Deep Reinforcement Learning; Representation Learning; Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment; Latent Variable Models; Customer Relationship Management; Customer Value and Value Chain; Foreign Direct Investment; Analytics and Data Science
Ma, Liangzong, Ta-Wei Huang, Eva Ascarza, and Ayelet Israeli. "Dynamic Personalization with Multiple Customer Signals: Multi-Response State Representation in Reinforcement Learning." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-037, February 2025.
- 2015
- Working Paper
Bureaucratic Norms and State Capacity in India: Implementing Primary Education in the Himalayan Region
By: Akshay Mangla
Himachal Pradesh outperforms other Indian states in implementing universal primary education. Through comparative field research, this article finds that bureaucratic norms—unwritten rules that guide public officials—influence how well state agencies deliver services... View Details
Keywords: India; Norms; State Capacity; Civil Society; Policy Implementation; Education; Policy; Performance Capacity; Education Industry; Public Administration Industry; India
Mangla, Akshay. "Bureaucratic Norms and State Capacity in India: Implementing Primary Education in the Himalayan Region." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-099, April 2014. (Revised October 2015.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity
By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf and Farzad Saidi
In SIR models, homogeneous or with a network structure, infection rates are assumed to be exogenous. However, individuals adjust their behavior. Using daily data for 89 cities worldwide, we document that mobility falls in response to fear, as approximated by Google... View Details
Keywords: Social Interactions; Pandemics; Mobility; Cities; SIR Networks; Social Preferences; Social Planner; Targeted Policies; Health Pandemics; Interpersonal Communication; Behavior; Policy
Alfaro, Laura, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf, and Farzad Saidi. "Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 27134, May 2020.
- December 2022
- Article
Does Industry Employment of Active Regulators Weaken Oversight?
By: Jonas Heese
I study whether industry employment of active regulators weakens oversight. To examine this question, I exploit that the Financial Reporting Enforcement Panel (FREP), the German capital-market regulator responsible for enforcing public firms’ compliance with accounting... View Details
Keywords: Conflict-of-interest Policies; Directorships; Enforcement Actions; Industry Employment; Self-regulatory Organizations; Governance Compliance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Policy; Conflict of Interests
Heese, Jonas. "Does Industry Employment of Active Regulators Weaken Oversight?" Management Science 68, no. 12 (December 2022): 9198–9218.
- January–February 2018
- Article
The New CEO Activists
By: Aaron K Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
Though corporations have been lobbying the government and making campaign donations for a long time now, in recent years a dramatic new trend has emerged in U.S. politics: CEOs are taking very public stands on thorny political issues that have nothing to do with their... View Details
Keywords: Government Policy; Rights; Leadership & Corporate Accountability; Sustainability; Leadership; Corporate Accountability; Policy; Social Issues; Communication Intention and Meaning; United States
Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "The New CEO Activists." Harvard Business Review 96, no. 1 (January–February 2018): 78–89. (Winner of the 2019 HBR Warren Bennis Prize as best 2018 HBR article on leadership. Featured in the HBR Ideacast podcast and an HBR Webinar.)