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      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 2 Transactions in a Task Network

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      From the 1930s through today, many economists have conceived of large technical systems for the production of goods and services as a series of transactions. This point of view has led eminent economists to assert that transactions are the fundamental unit of analysis... View Details
      Keywords: Modularity; Information Technology; Organizations
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 2 Transactions in a Task Network." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-030, August 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 3 Transaction Free Zones

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      In Chapter 2 we saw that the most economical locations for transactions in a task network are the so-called thin crossing points—places where transfers are easy to define, count and pay for. However, in many places in the task network, transfers of material, energy,... View Details
      Keywords: Modularity; Information Technology; Organizations
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 3 Transaction Free Zones." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-031, August 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 4 The Mirroring Hypothesis: Linkages Inside and Across Transaction Free Zones

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      A technology is a specific way to achieve a material goal. It describes a feasible path—a recipe—by which a group of people can arrive at a goal that none could achieve individually. Technical recipes thus require linkages between and among the various contributors to... View Details
      Keywords: Modularity; Mirroring Hypothesis; Information Technology; Organizations
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 4 The Mirroring Hypothesis: Linkages Inside and Across Transaction Free Zones." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-032, August 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Ecosystems and Complementarities

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to introduce two new building blocks to the theory of how technology shapes organizations. The first is a new layer of organization structure: a business “ecosystem.” The second is the economic concept of “complementarity.” Ecosystems are... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ecosystems; Complementarity; Modularity; Information Technology; Organizations
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Ecosystems and Complementarities." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-033, August 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Article

      Dignity, Inequality, and the Populist Backlash: Lessons from America and Europe for a Sustainable Globalization

      By: Rawi Abdelal
      The greatest challenge to the sustainability of our current era of globalization comes from within the United States. Most Americans have come to reject globalization. We must discern the lessons from the parts of the developed world where the backlash is also... View Details
      Keywords: Populism; Backlash; Dignity; Globalization; Economic Systems; Equality and Inequality; Policy; Values and Beliefs; United States; Europe
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      Abdelal, Rawi. "Dignity, Inequality, and the Populist Backlash: Lessons from America and Europe for a Sustainable Globalization." Global Policy 11, no. 4 (September 2020): 492–500.
      • Article

      Doubting Driverless Dilemmas

      By: Julian De Freitas, Sam E. Anthony, Andrea Censi and George A. Alvarez
      The alarm has been raised on so-called driverless dilemmas, in which autonomous vehicles will need to make high-stakes ethical decisions on the road. We argue that these arguments are too contrived to be of practical use, are an inappropriate method for making... View Details
      Keywords: Moral Judgment; Autonomous Vehicles; Driverless Policy; Transportation; Ethics; Judgments; Policy
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      De Freitas, Julian, Sam E. Anthony, Andrea Censi, and George A. Alvarez. "Doubting Driverless Dilemmas." Perspectives on Psychological Science 15, no. 5 (September 2020): 1284–1288.
      • Fall 2020
      • Article

      Executives' Legal Records and the Deterrent Effect of Corporate Governance

      By: Robert Davidson, Aiyesha Dey and Abbie Smith
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      Davidson, Robert, Aiyesha Dey, and Abbie Smith. "Executives' Legal Records and the Deterrent Effect of Corporate Governance." Contemporary Accounting Research 37, no. 3 (Fall 2020): 1444–1474.
      • September 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Facebook Faces the Regulators

      By: Debora L. Spar
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-019. View Details
      Keywords: Regulation; Technology; Facebook; Social Media
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      Spar, Debora L. "Facebook Faces the Regulators." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 721-009, September 2020.
      • 2020
      • Chapter

      Financing 'Tough Tech' Innovation

      By: Ramana Nanda
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      Nanda, Ramana. "Financing 'Tough Tech' Innovation." Chap. 5 in Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? 13th edition, edited by Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin, and Sacha Wunsch-Vincent, 113–119. Cornell University, 2020. Electronic.
      • Article

      Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents

      By: David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Gary P. Pisano and Pian Shu
      Manufacturing accounts for more than three-quarters of U.S. corporate patents. The competitive shock to this sector emanating from China's economic ascent could in theory either augment or stifle U.S. innovation. Using three decades of U.S. patents matched to corporate... View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Production; Trade; Competition; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Autor, David, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Gary P. Pisano, and Pian Shu. "Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents." American Economic Review: Insights 2, no. 3 (September 2020): 357–374.
      • Article

      Get Ready to Sell

      By: Frank V. Cespedes and Bud Hyler
      Time-to-market measures the time to have a product ready to ship. But that’s not revenue and cash. Many firms with superb R&D functions lack an understanding of what’s needed to be ready-to-sell. Meanwhile, relevant tools are increasing in scope and decreasing in cost.... View Details
      Keywords: Ready-to-sell; Sales; Health Pandemics; Performance Effectiveness
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      Cespedes, Frank V., and Bud Hyler. "Get Ready to Sell." Top Sales Magazine (September 2020), 32–33.
      • September–October 2020
      • Article

      Global Supply Chains in a Post-Pandemic World: Companies Need to Make Their Networks More Resilient. Here's How.

      By: Willy C. Shih
      The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerabilities in the production strategies and supply chains of firms everywhere. Coupled with a rise in economic nationalism, manufacturers everywhere are going to be under pressure to rethink their sourcing and logistics... View Details
      Keywords: Resilience; Pandemic; Operations Management; Health Pandemics; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Asia; Europe
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      Shih, Willy C. "Global Supply Chains in a Post-Pandemic World: Companies Need to Make Their Networks More Resilient. Here's How." R2005F. Harvard Business Review 98, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 82–89.
      • September 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Teaching Note

      Halftime for Heidelberg

      By: Debora L. Spar
      Keywords: Higher Education; Strategy; Ohio; United States
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      Spar, Debora L. "Halftime for Heidelberg." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 721-385, September 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • September 2020
      • Article

      How Multimedia Shape Crowdfunding Outcomes: The Overshadowing Effect of Images and Videos on Text in Campaign Information

      By: J Yang, Y Li, Goran Calic and Anton Shevchenko
      This study aims to explore the moderating effect of the number of images and videos on the relationship between text length in crowdfunding campaign descriptions and crowdfunding outcomes. We use data from 13,622 technology campaigns on the Kickstarter website to test... View Details
      Keywords: Crowdfunding; Media; Cognition and Thinking; Performance Effectiveness; Entrepreneurial Finance
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      Yang, J., Y Li, Goran Calic, and Anton Shevchenko. "How Multimedia Shape Crowdfunding Outcomes: The Overshadowing Effect of Images and Videos on Text in Campaign Information." Journal of Business Research 117 (September 2020): 6–18.
      • September 3, 2020
      • Article

      How to Measure a Company's Real Impact

      By: Ronald Cohen and George Serafeim
      Impact transparency will reshape capitalism. By shifting the pursuit of profit away from negligently creating problems to purposefully creating valuable solutions for the world, it will redefine success, so that its measure is not just money, but the positive impact we... View Details
      Keywords: Impact; Impact Investing; Impact Measurement; Impact Investment; Impact Investment Funds; Accountability; Accounting Information; Corporate Performance; Sustainability; Social Impact; Capitalism; Accounting; Corporate Accountability; Performance; Measurement and Metrics; Social Enterprise; Society
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      Cohen, Ronald, and George Serafeim. "How to Measure a Company's Real Impact." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 3, 2020).
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Long-Run Returns to Private Equity in Emerging Markets

      By: Shawn Cole, Martin Melecky, Florian Mölders and Tristan Reed
      We provide the first evidence on the long-run returns to private equity in emerging and frontier markets using the cash flows from every equity investment made by the International Finance Corporation across 130 countries over 58 years. Risk-adjusted returns are... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Investment; Emerging Markets; Developing Countries and Economies; Investment Return
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      Cole, Shawn, Martin Melecky, Florian Mölders, and Tristan Reed. "Long-Run Returns to Private Equity in Emerging Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-138, June 2021. (Revised September 2024. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 27870, September 2024)
      • September–October 2020
      • Article

      Managing Churn to Maximize Profits

      By: Aurelie Lemmens and Sunil Gupta
      Customer defection threatens many industries, prompting companies to deploy targeted, proactive customer retention programs and offers. A conventional approach has been to target customers either based on their predicted churn probability or their responsiveness to a... View Details
      Keywords: Churn Management; Defection Prediction; Loss Function; Stochastic Gradient Boosting; Customer Relationship Management; Consumer Behavior; Profit
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      Lemmens, Aurelie, and Sunil Gupta. "Managing Churn to Maximize Profits." Marketing Science 39, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 956–973.
      • September 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Miami's Tech Future (A): Twenty-first Century Changes and Challenges

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Joyce J. Kim
      In the decade starting in 2000, a new mayor focused on infrastructure and leadership from a foundation investing in arts and culture helped the Miami region transform and attract younger people to a newly vibrant central city and arts district. In 2011, the Knight... View Details
      Keywords: Change; Leadership; Business and Community Relations; Strategic Planning; Technology Industry; Miami; Florida
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Joyce J. Kim. "Miami's Tech Future (A): Twenty-first Century Changes and Challenges." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 321-044, September 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Miami's Tech Future (B): Building the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Joyce J. Kim
      In 2017, Miami was rated #1 among U.S. cities for startups, but about 40th for “scale-ups” – growth companies. This case shows how leaders of incubators and accelerators supported startups and a culture of entrepreneurship, but also describes some factors limiting... View Details
      Keywords: Scaling; Growth; Startup; Community Impact; Community Relations; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Information Technology; Growth and Development Strategy; Business and Community Relations; Miami; Florida
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Joyce J. Kim. "Miami's Tech Future (B): Building the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 321-045, September 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Miami's Tech Future (C): Reaching Another Miami

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Joyce J. Kim
      The effects of Miami’s startup scene have not reached many “left-behind” lower-income Black communities, which are disproportionately affected by problems such as segregation and racial discrimination, lack of transportation access, crime, education quality, government... View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Change; Transformation; Progress; Community; Scaling; Income Inequality; Racism; Community Impact; Community Relations; Change Management; Business Startups; Information Technology; Diversity; Race; Equality and Inequality; Social Issues; Business and Community Relations; Miami; Florida
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Joyce J. Kim. "Miami's Tech Future (C): Reaching Another Miami." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 321-046, September 2020.
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