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Publications

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    • Faculty Publications  (137)

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    • All HBS Web  (120,070)
      • Faculty Publications  (137)

      Product DesignRemove Product Design →

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      • October 2019 (Revised June 2020)
      • Supplement

      Airbus vs. Boeing (M): MAX 8 Disasters (July 2019)

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
      This case describes the October 2018 and March 2019 crashes of Boeing MAX 8 jets, which together killed over 300 passengers. The planes involved in both crashes shared a problem with a software system called MCAS, which Boeing had revamped at the last minute prior to... View Details
      Keywords: Airbus; Boeing; Product Development; Product Design; Air Transportation; Projects; Competition; Safety; Failure; Air Transportation Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Europe
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Karen Elterman. "Airbus vs. Boeing (M): MAX 8 Disasters (July 2019)." Harvard Business School Supplement 720-388, October 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
      • October 2018 (Revised April 2019)
      • Teaching Note

      Kids & Company: Entering the U.S.

      By: Boris Groysberg and Matthew G. Preble
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 418-011. View Details
      Keywords: Child Care; Childcare; Day Care; Daycare; Strategy; Growth Management; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Expansion; Leadership; Product Marketing; Brands and Branding; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Product Design; Product Development; Selection and Staffing; Customer Focus and Relationships; United States; Canada
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      Groysberg, Boris, and Matthew G. Preble. "Kids & Company: Entering the U.S." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 419-002, October 2018. (Revised April 2019.)
      • October 2018
      • Case

      Booking.com

      By: Stefan Thomke and Daniela Beyersdorfer
      The case reveals how Booking.com has become the world's leading travel accommodation platform. The company has put online experimentation at the heart of how it designs digital experiences for its customers and partners. To unlock the potential of large-scale testing,... View Details
      Keywords: Travel; Product Innovation; Experimentation; A/B Testing; User Experience Design; Product Development; Product Design; Innovation and Management; Transformation; Information Technology; Digital Transformation; Travel Industry
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      Thomke, Stefan, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "Booking.com." Harvard Business School Case 619-015, October 2018.
      • 2018
      • Chapter

      Behavioral Household Finance

      By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
      This chapter provides an overview of household finance. The first part summarizes key facts regarding household financial behavior, emphasizing empirical regularities that are inconsistent with the standard classical economic model and discussing extensions of the... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Finance; Global Range; Household; Behavior; Strategy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Product Design; Welfare
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      Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Behavioral Household Finance." In Handbook of Behavioral Economics: Foundations and Applications 1, edited by B. Douglas Bernheim, Stefano DellaVigna, and David Laibson, 177–276. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2018.
      • April 2018
      • Case

      Ferrari

      By: Stefan Thomke, Elena Corsi and Ashok Nimgade
      Ferrari is among the world’s most powerful brands, but how the company operates has remained mysterious. The case reveals the inner workings of the company—the Ferrari Way—from the way it designs, produces, and markets its cars, to how its leadership team is driving... View Details
      Keywords: Growth; Innovation; Technology Adoption; Product Design; Business Strategy; Technological Innovation; Operations; Management; Growth and Development; Auto Industry
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      Thomke, Stefan, Elena Corsi, and Ashok Nimgade. "Ferrari." Harvard Business School Case 618-047, April 2018.
      • January 2018
      • Case

      Kids & Company: Entering the U.S.

      By: Boris Groysberg, Matthew G. Preble and Katherine Connolly Baden
      In April 2017, Victoria Sopik and Jennifer Nashmi, CEO and CFO (respectively) of Kids & Company, a Canadian childcare provider that they had co-founded in the early 2000s and developed into a nearly 100-unit enterprise, are discussing how the company should proceed... View Details
      Keywords: Child Care; Childcare; Day Care; Daycare; Early Childhood Education; Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Expansion; Leadership; Marketing; Product Marketing; Brands and Branding; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Product Design; Product Development; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Selection and Staffing; Customer Focus and Relationships; Entrepreneurship; Service Industry; Education Industry; United States; Canada
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      Groysberg, Boris, Matthew G. Preble, and Katherine Connolly Baden. "Kids & Company: Entering the U.S." Harvard Business School Case 418-011, January 2018.
      • September 2017 (Revised March 2018)
      • Case

      Chai Point: Disrupting Chai

      By: Shikhar Ghosh, Ramana Nanda and Rachna Tahilyani
      Chai Point is India’s largest organized chai retailer. It has missed its target for retail store openings by approximately 25%, goals that are very important to its investors who are also board members. However, it has developed an exciting new internet-based tea... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Venture Capital; Stock; Business Model; Mobile Technology; Technological Innovation; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Internet and the Web; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Food; Selection and Staffing; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Resignation and Termination; Compensation and Benefits; Resource Allocation; Product Positioning; Distribution Channels; Product Design; Supply Chain; Governing and Advisory Boards; Food and Beverage Industry; Retail Industry; Asia; India; Karnataka; Bangalore
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, Ramana Nanda, and Rachna Tahilyani. "Chai Point: Disrupting Chai." Harvard Business School Case 818-020, September 2017. (Revised March 2018.)
      • February 2017
      • Case

      Aston Martin: A Second Century of Performance and Luxury

      By: Vish V. Krishnan, Karim R. Lakhani and Amram Migdal
      Following the March 2016 launch of DB11, Aston Martin Lagonda Ltd.’s first new sports car platform in over a decade, this case discusses the future strategy of the famed British luxury auto manufacturer. Since its founding in 1902, Aston Martin has been characterized... View Details
      Keywords: Luxury; Auto Brand; Luxury Auto; Growth; Innovation; Business or Company Management; Goals and Objectives; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Operations; Product Design; Product Development; Production; Innovation and Invention; Transportation; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Change; Transformation; Management; Marketing; Auto Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; England
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      Krishnan, Vish V., Karim R. Lakhani, and Amram Migdal. "Aston Martin: A Second Century of Performance and Luxury." Harvard Business School Case 617-033, February 2017.
      • March 2016 (Revised February 2021)
      • Case

      Lotus F1 Team

      By: Stefan Thomke, Nikolaos Trichakis, Jérôme Lenhardt and Daniela Beyersdorfer
      Describes the detailed inner workings of a high performance Formula One (F1) racing team. It shows how Lotus F1 Team has been able to battle bigger rivals in a very fast-moving, highly regulated, and ultra-competitive environment, where winning races can come down to... View Details
      Keywords: Formula One; Motor Sport; Racing Cars; Car Development; Supply Chain; Logistics; Innovation and Management; Competitive Advantage; Product Design; Research and Development; Auto Industry; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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      Thomke, Stefan, Nikolaos Trichakis, Jérôme Lenhardt, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "Lotus F1 Team." Harvard Business School Case 616-055, March 2016. (Revised February 2021.)
      • October 2015 (Revised September 2016)
      • Technical Note

      Flight: Now without Humans Aboard

      By: Mitchell Weiss, Karim Lakhani, HT Kung and Kerry Herman
      This note provides an overview of the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, or drones) industry in September 2015. UAVs offered many potential applications in industries as diverse as aerial imaging and photography, agriculture, construction, infrastructure inspection and... View Details
      Keywords: Public Entrepreneurship; Drones; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Product Design; Research and Development; Technological Innovation; Rights; Ethics; Strategy; Transportation Networks; Market Entry and Exit; Innovation and Management; European Union; Asia; United States
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      Weiss, Mitchell, Karim Lakhani, HT Kung, and Kerry Herman. "Flight: Now without Humans Aboard." Harvard Business School Technical Note 816-045, October 2015. (Revised September 2016.)
      • October 2014
      • Article

      Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and John Rusnak
      In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterizing the architecture of complex technical systems and demonstrate its application to a large sample of software releases. Our methodology is based upon directed network graphs, which allows us to... View Details
      Keywords: Architecture; Modularity; Dominant Designs; Complexity; Product Design; Software
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., Alan MacCormack, and John Rusnak. "Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture." Research Policy 43, no. 8 (October 2014): 1381–1397.
      • March 2014 (Revised March 2015)
      • Case

      Samsung Electronics: TV in an Era of Convergence

      By: Karim R. Lakhani, Marco Iansiti and Kerry Herman
      From the late 1990s to 2006/2007, Samsung Electronics moved from one of 170 TV manufacturers to gain dominant TV market share year over year from 2007-2013. As digital technologies increasingly converged in 2013-2014, the industry faced new questions: What was the... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Innovation; Technology; Technology Management; Digital Convergence; Digital Technology; Innovation; Korea; Samsung; Television; Technological Innovation; Information Technology; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Leadership; Innovation and Management; Product Development; Product Design; Electronics Industry; Korean Peninsula; Asia
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      Lakhani, Karim R., Marco Iansiti, and Kerry Herman. "Samsung Electronics: TV in an Era of Convergence." Harvard Business School Case 614-034, March 2014. (Revised March 2015.)
      • January 2014 (Revised January 2017)
      • Supplement

      Nivea (B)

      By: Karim R. Lakhani, Johann Fuller, Volker Bilgram and Greta Friar
      This supplementary case follows up on an innovative R&D approach by Beiersdorf,a skin care and cosmetics company. The case relates what happened to the product launched by Beiersdorf, to its Nivea line, following the events of the A case, and how the commercial success... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Innovation Management; Marketing; Innovation Strategy; Innovation and Management; Research and Development; Product Design; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry
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      Lakhani, Karim R., Johann Fuller, Volker Bilgram, and Greta Friar. "Nivea (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 614-043, January 2014. (Revised January 2017.)
      • August 2013 (Revised November 2013)
      • Case

      Ford vs. GM: The Evolution of Mass Production (A)

      By: Willy Shih

      This case explores the very different paths taken by the Ford Motor Company and the General Motors Corporation in the first three decades of the twentieth century. Henry Ford's Model T was a car for the masses. After considerable experimentation, Ford Motor... View Details

      Keywords: Innovation; Exploration; Dominant Design; Business Growth and Maturation; Business History; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Positioning; Product Design; Product Development; Business Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Vertical Integration; Auto Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Michigan
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      Shih, Willy. "Ford vs. GM: The Evolution of Mass Production (A)." Harvard Business School Case 614-010, August 2013. (Revised November 2013.)
      • August 2013 (Revised November 2013)
      • Supplement

      Ford vs. GM: The Evolution of Mass Production (B)

      By: Willy Shih

      This case explores the very different paths taken by the Ford Motor Company and the General Motors Corporation in the first three decades of the twentieth century. Henry Ford's Model T was a car for the masses. After considerable experimentation, Ford Motor... View Details

      Keywords: Innovation; Exploration; Dominant Design; Business Growth and Maturation; Business History; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Positioning; Product Design; Product Development; Business Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Vertical Integration; Auto Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Michigan
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      Shih, Willy. "Ford vs. GM: The Evolution of Mass Production (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 614-011, August 2013. (Revised November 2013.)
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory BioPharma Case

      By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and David Dreyfus
      We test a method that was designed and used previously to reveal the hidden internal architectural structure of software systems. The focus of this paper is to test if it can also uncover new facts about the components and their relationships in an enterprise... View Details
      Keywords: Complexity; Applications and Software; Product Design; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, and David Dreyfus. "Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory BioPharma Case." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-105, June 2013.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Application Architecture: An Exploratory Telecom Case

      By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and Stephan Aier
      We test a method for visualizing and measuring enterprise application architectures. The method was designed and previously used to reveal the hidden internal architectural structure of software applications. The focus of this paper is to test if it can also uncover... View Details
      Keywords: Communication Technology; Complexity; Applications and Software; Product Design; Telecommunications Industry
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      Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, and Stephan Aier. "Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Application Architecture: An Exploratory Telecom Case." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-103, June 2013.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture

      By: Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and John Rusnak
      In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterising the architecture of complex technical systems and demonstrate its application to a large sample of software releases. Our methodology is based upon directed network graphs, which allows us to... View Details
      Keywords: Complexity; Applications and Software; Product Design
      Citation
      SSRN
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      Baldwin, Carliss, Alan MacCormack, and John Rusnak. "Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-093, May 2013. (Revised April 2014.)
      • December 2012 (Revised April 2025)
      • Case

      AmTran Technology Ltd.

      By: Willy Shih, Jyun-Cheng Wang and Karen E. Robinson
      As an original design manufacturer (ODM) of television sets and leading supplier to Vizio, a market leader in the U.S. for LCD flat panel TVs, AmTran Technology Ltd. uses what founder Alpha Wu describes as a "WE" model in which western companies perform sales,... View Details
      Keywords: Modularity; Technology Transitions; Analog; Digital; Television; TV; Flat-panel; ATSC; NTSC; Video; Global Strategy; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Development; Product Design; Supply Chain; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Technology Adoption; Digital Platforms; Electronics Industry; Taiwan; United States; Japan
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      Shih, Willy, Jyun-Cheng Wang, and Karen E. Robinson. "AmTran Technology Ltd." Harvard Business School Case 613-069, December 2012. (Revised April 2025.)
      • November 2012 (Revised May 2013)
      • Case

      ASUSTeK and the Google Nexus 7 Tablet

      By: Willy C. Shih and Jyun-Cheng Wang
      Days after Jerry Shen introduced a new tablet computer at the Consumer Electronics Show, a Google meeting convinced him to go with a lower price point and co-branding as the Nexus 7. While his company would have a premier position at launch, companies like Samsung... View Details
      Keywords: Nexus; Google; ASUSTeK; Android; Tablet; Kindle; Kindle Fire; Notebook Computers; ODM; Apple; Price Point; App Store; Ecosystem; Open Handset Alliance; Reference Design; iPad; EMS; Electronic Manufacturing Services; Smartphone; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Industry Structures; Product Design; Product Development; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Digital Platforms; Information Technology; Internet and the Web; Computer Industry; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Taiwan; United States
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      Shih, Willy C., and Jyun-Cheng Wang. "ASUSTeK and the Google Nexus 7 Tablet." Harvard Business School Case 613-056, November 2012. (Revised May 2013.)
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