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- All HBS Web
(1,546)
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- News (163)
- Research (1,184)
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- October 2024
- Case
Estímulo: Blended Finance in Brazil
By: Vikram S. Gandhi, James Barnett, Maxim Pike Harrell and Marina Osborn
In December 2022, Estímulo—a Brazilian impact investment fund supporting small businesses—found itself at a crossroads. The fund was established in 2020 to provide emergency relief through accessible credit and financial education. When low default rates from borrowers... View Details
Keywords: Credit; Financial Management; Financing and Loans; Investment; Social Enterprise; Business Model; Financial Services Industry; Brazil; South America; Latin America
Gandhi, Vikram S., James Barnett, Maxim Pike Harrell, and Marina Osborn. "Estímulo: Blended Finance in Brazil." Harvard Business School Case 325-016, October 2024.
- January 2025
- Case
Untapped Global: Financing Africa's Missing Middle
By: Raymond Kluender and Emanuele Colonnelli
In November 2024, Jim Chu, founder and CEO of Untapped Global, faced mounting internal tensions over the company’s strategic direction. Untapped had developed a data-driven revenue-based financing (RBF) model to address the “missing middle” problem—the $5.2 trillion... View Details
Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Working Capital; Private Equity; Financial Strategy; Microfinance; International Finance; Currency Exchange Rate; Profit Sharing; Revenue; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Growth; Emerging Markets; Mission and Purpose; Small Business; Entrepreneurial Finance; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Africa; Nigeria; South Africa; Kenya; Uganda; California; San Francisco
Kluender, Raymond, and Emanuele Colonnelli. "Untapped Global: Financing Africa's Missing Middle." Harvard Business School Case 825-056, January 2025.
- August 2017 (Revised February 2024)
- Teaching Note
Exotic Interest Rate Swaps: Snowballs in Portugal
By: Boris Vallee, Patrick Augustin and Philippe Rich
This case explores a complex swap transaction implemented by Metro do Porto in 2007. It represents an opportunity to study fixed income derivative instruments, such as plain-vanilla swaps and structured swaps, as well as understand the opportunities and challenges of... View Details
- January 2017
- Case
Exotic Interest Rate Swaps: Snowballs in Portugal
By: Boris Vallee, Patrick Augustin and Philippe Rich
This case explores a complex swap transaction implemented by Metro do Porto in 2007. It represents an opportunity to study fixed income derivative instruments, such as plain-vanilla swaps and structured swaps, as well as understand the opportunities and challenges of... View Details
Keywords: Swaps; Public Finance; Structured Finance; Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Public Sector; Transportation Industry; Rail Industry; Portugal
Vallee, Boris, Patrick Augustin, and Philippe Rich. "Exotic Interest Rate Swaps: Snowballs in Portugal." Harvard Business School Case 217-050, January 2017.
- December 2015
- Article
Introduction: New Perspectives on Corporate Capital Structure
By: Viral Acharya, Heitor Almeida and Malcolm Baker
The National Bureau of Economic Research held a symposium titled "New Perspectives on Corporate Capital Structures" on April 5–6, 2013 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In its call for the submission of theoretical and empirical papers for the symposium, the NBER noted that... View Details
Acharya, Viral, Heitor Almeida, and Malcolm Baker. "Introduction: New Perspectives on Corporate Capital Structure." Journal of Financial Economics 118, no. 3 (December 2015): 551–552.
- November 2002 (Revised November 2006)
- Case
Tax-Motivated Film Financing at Rexford Studios
By: Mihir A. Desai, Gabriel J. Loeb and Mark Veblen
The head of production for Rexford Studios must analyze the terms and value consequences of an international financing involving a German film fund. The financing involves a sale-leaseback structure where international tax rules give rise to a sizable economic pie that... View Details
Keywords: International Finance; Financing and Loans; Taxation; Cash Flow; Financial Strategy; Financial Management; Competition; Film Entertainment; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Financial Services Industry; Germany
Desai, Mihir A., Gabriel J. Loeb, and Mark Veblen. "Tax-Motivated Film Financing at Rexford Studios." Harvard Business School Case 203-005, November 2002. (Revised November 2006.)
- September 1975 (Revised June 1983)
- Background Note
Note on the Structural Analysis of Industries
Provides a framework for the analysis of industry structure. Identifies the major structural features that influence the profit potential in industries and some illustrative implications of these for strategy formulation. Can be used as a reference note for business... View Details
Porter, Michael E. "Note on the Structural Analysis of Industries." Harvard Business School Background Note 376-054, September 1975. (Revised June 1983.)
- November 2005
- Background Note
Deal Structure and Deal Terms
By: Michael J. Roberts and Howard H. Stevenson
Describes the general principles of crafting financial deals around the provision of capital to entrepreneurial ventures. Discusses in more detail some of the specific aspects of venture capital term sheets. View Details
Roberts, Michael J., and Howard H. Stevenson. "Deal Structure and Deal Terms." Harvard Business School Background Note 806-085, November 2005.
- August 1994
- Background Note
Derivative Markets: Structure and Risks
Gives a conceptual understanding of derivative products, their applications, and valuation. After a brief treatment of exchange-traded derivatives, explores over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, emphasizing the market, credit, legal, operational, and other risks... View Details
Mason, Scott P., and Kuljot Singh. "Derivative Markets: Structure and Risks." Harvard Business School Background Note 295-009, August 1994.
- October 2000
- Teaching Note
Drivers of Industry Financial Structure
By: Dwight B. Crane and Indra Reinbergs
Teaching Note for (9-201-039). View Details
- 2021
- Working Paper
Impact Investing: A Theory of Financing Social Enterprises
By: Benjamin N. Roth
I present a model of financing social enterprises to delineate the role of impact investors relative to “pure” philanthropists. I characterize the optimal scale and structure of a social enterprise when financed by grants, and when financed by investments. Impact... View Details
Roth, Benjamin N. "Impact Investing: A Theory of Financing Social Enterprises." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-078, February 2020. (Revised June 2021.)
- June 2008
- Article
Capital Structure with Risky Foreign Investment
By: Mihir A. Desai, C. Fritz Foley and James R. Hines Jr.
Desai, Mihir A., C. Fritz Foley, and James R. Hines Jr. "Capital Structure with Risky Foreign Investment." Journal of Financial Economics 88, no. 3 (June 2008): 534–553.
- Teaching Interest
Executive Education: Finance for Senior Executives
By: Malcolm P. Baker
Finance for Senior Executives provides the frameworks to strategically use financial resources and position your company for future success. By examining corporate finance from both internal and external perspectives, this HBS Executive Education
- April 2011
- Teaching Note
Santander Consumer Finance (TN)
Teaching Note for 711015. View Details
- October 1999 (Revised April 2003)
- Case
International Investor, The: Islamic Finance and the Equate Project
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Mathew M Millett
Equate Petrochemical Co. (Equate) is a joint venture between Union Carbide Corp. and Petrochemical Industries Co. (PIC) for the construction of a $2 billion petrochemical plant in Kuwait. The sponsors began construction in August 1994, using a bridge loan, and are in... View Details
Keywords: International Finance; Project Finance; Religion; Investment; Finance; Mining Industry; Energy Industry; Kuwait
Esty, Benjamin C., and Mathew M Millett. "International Investor, The: Islamic Finance and the Equate Project." Harvard Business School Case 200-012, October 1999. (Revised April 2003.)
- February 2025
- Case
Blue Owl Financing of Ping Identity
By: Victoria Ivashina and Srimayi Mylavarapu
In the fall of 2022, Blue Owl Capital's investment committee evaluated a potential investment in the technology sector. The proposed transaction centered on Ping Identity Corporation (“Ping”), a fast-growing identity access management (IAM) software company that was... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Borrowing and Debt; Cash Flow; Investment; Privatization; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry
Ivashina, Victoria, and Srimayi Mylavarapu. "Blue Owl Financing of Ping Identity." Harvard Business School Case 225-078, February 2025.
- October 1990
- Article
The Structure and Governance of Venture-Capital Organizations
Sahlman, William A. "The Structure and Governance of Venture-Capital Organizations." Journal of Financial Economics 27, no. 2 (October 1990): 473–521.
- April 2011
- Article
Ownership Structure and the Cost of Corporate Borrowing
By: Chen Lin, Yue Ma, Paul Malatesta and Yuhai Xuan
This article identifies an important channel through which excess control rights affect firm value. Using a new, hand-collected data set on corporate ownership and control of 3,468 firms in 22 countries during the 1996-2008 period, we find that the cost of debt... View Details
Keywords: Borrowing and Debt; Cash Flow; Cost; Financing and Loans; Governance Controls; Ownership Stake; Business and Shareholder Relations
Lin, Chen, Yue Ma, Paul Malatesta, and Yuhai Xuan. "Ownership Structure and the Cost of Corporate Borrowing." Journal of Financial Economics 100, no. 1 (April 2011): 1–23. (Lead Article. First Place Winner of the 2011 Jensen Prize for the Best Paper in the Areas of Corporate Finance and Organizations published in the Journal of Financial Economics.)
- July 2000
- Article
Information, Non-Excludability, and Financial Market Structure
By: B. Anand and A. Galetovic
Anand, B., and A. Galetovic. "Information, Non-Excludability, and Financial Market Structure." Journal of Business 73, no. 3 (July 2000): 357–402.
- October 2003
- Article
The Determinants of Board Structure at the Initial Public Offering
By: Malcolm Baker and Paul Gompers
This paper describes board size and composition and investigates the role of venture capital in a sample of 1,116 firms' initial public offerings. First, firms backed by venture capital have fewer insider and instrumental directors and more independent... View Details
Keywords: Governing and Advisory Boards; Venture Capital; Initial Public Offering; Managerial Roles; Power and Influence
Baker, Malcolm, and Paul Gompers. "The Determinants of Board Structure at the Initial Public Offering." Journal of Law & Economics 46, no. 2 (October 2003): 569–598.