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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(1,036)
- News (129)
- Research (809)
- Events (1)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (436)
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- 2023
- Working Paper
The Optimal Stock Valuation Ratio
By: Sebastian Hillenbrand and Odhrain McCarthy
Trailing price ratios, such as the price-dividend and the price-earnings ratio, scale prices by trailing cash flow measures. They theoretically contain expected returns, yet, their performance in predicting stock market returns is poor. This is because of an omitted... View Details
Keywords: Price; Investment Return; AI and Machine Learning; Valuation; Cash Flow; Forecasting and Prediction
Hillenbrand, Sebastian, and Odhrain McCarthy. "The Optimal Stock Valuation Ratio." Working Paper, November 2023.
- October 2001 (Revised February 2007)
- Background Note
Accounting for Employee Stock Options
Employees who have been granted stock options have the right to purchase shares of their company's stock at a specified price within a specified time period. The accounting for such employee stock options has been a controversial and complex topic for decades. The... View Details
Bradshaw, Mark T. "Accounting for Employee Stock Options." Harvard Business School Background Note 102-039, October 2001. (Revised February 2007.)
- January 1978
- Article
Pooling vs. Purchase: The Effects of Accounting for Mergers on Stock Prices
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Hai Hong and Gershon Mandelker
Kaplan, Robert S., Hai Hong, and Gershon Mandelker. "Pooling vs. Purchase: The Effects of Accounting for Mergers on Stock Prices." Accounting Review 53 (January 1978): 31–47.
- 1984
- Working Paper
Earnings Variability and Variance Bounds Tests for Rationality of Stock Market Prices
By: Robert C. Merton and Terry A. Marsh
- March 2024
- Article
The Asymmetric Mispricing Information in Analysts’ Target Prices
By: Jeremiah Green, John R. M. Hand and Anywhere Sikochi
We study the mispricing information present in the target prices of U.S. and international analysts. We hypothesize that asymmetry in the value-relevance of the information that managers supply to analysts, combined with asymmetry in the incentives facing analysts to... View Details
Keywords: Analysts; Target Prices; Mispricing; Cost Of Equity; Valuation; Price; Cost; Analysis; Theory
Green, Jeremiah, John R. M. Hand, and Anywhere Sikochi. "The Asymmetric Mispricing Information in Analysts’ Target Prices." Review of Accounting Studies 29, no. 1 (March 2024): 889–915.
- June 1986
- Article
Dividend Variability and Variance Bounds Tests for the Rationality of Stock Market Prices
By: Robert C. Merton and Terry A. Marsh
Merton, Robert C., and Terry A. Marsh. "Dividend Variability and Variance Bounds Tests for the Rationality of Stock Market Prices." American Economic Review 76, no. 3 (June 1986): 483–498.
- Article
Trading Imbalances and the Law of One Price
By: Mark Seasholes and Clark Liu
We study trading and prices of Chinese (mainland)/Hong Kong dual-listed shares. Relative prices can diverge by a factor of two and exhibit significant variation over time. Order imbalances explain contemporaneous changes in relative prices at daily and weekly... View Details
Keywords: Law Of One Price; Cross-listings; Order Imbalances; Stock Shares; Price; Balance and Stability; Financial Markets; Financial Services Industry; Hong Kong; China
Seasholes, Mark, and Clark Liu. "Trading Imbalances and the Law of One Price." Economics Letters 112, no. 1 (July 2011): 132–134.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Heterogeneous Beliefs and Stock Market Fluctuations
By: Odhrain McCarthy and Sebastian Hillenbrand
This paper examines the role of heterogeneous investor beliefs in explaining stock market puzzles. Using survey data, we show that individual investors and investment professionals, such as equity analysts and strategists, form distinct beliefs. These groups rely on... View Details
McCarthy, Odhrain, and Sebastian Hillenbrand. "Heterogeneous Beliefs and Stock Market Fluctuations." Working Paper, June 2025. (WFA Brattle Group Ph.D. Award for Outstanding Research.)
- 09 Mar 2021
- Working Paper Summaries
Stock Price Reactions to ESG News: The Role of ESG Ratings and Disagreement
- 1999
- Working Paper
Do Appearances Matter? The Impact of EPS Accretion and Dilution on Stock Prices
Andrade, Gregor. "Do Appearances Matter? The Impact of EPS Accretion and Dilution on Stock Prices." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 00-007, August 1999.
- 30 Nov 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
The Stock Market and Bank Risk-Taking
- December 2001
- Exercise
Exercise on Employee Stock Option Dilution
By: Brian J. Hall
Discusses the effects of option dilution on stock prices and shareholder value. To simplify the example and isolate the complexity of option dilution, we make a number of simplifying assumptions. View Details
Keywords: Stocks; Price; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Business and Shareholder Relations; Complexity; Value
Hall, Brian J. "Exercise on Employee Stock Option Dilution." Harvard Business School Exercise 902-162, December 2001.
- November 2019
- Article
The Relevance of Broker Networks for Information Diffusion in the Stock Market
By: Marco Di Maggio, Francesco Franzoni, Amir Kermani and Carlo Sommavilla
This paper shows that the network of relationships between brokers and institutional investors shapes information diffusion in the stock market. We exploit trade-level data to show that central brokers gather information by executing informed trades, which is then... View Details
Keywords: Broker Networks; Institutional Investors; Asset Prices; Business and Shareholder Relations; Institutional Investing; Information; Knowledge Dissemination; Financial Markets; Asset Pricing
Di Maggio, Marco, Francesco Franzoni, Amir Kermani, and Carlo Sommavilla. "The Relevance of Broker Networks for Information Diffusion in the Stock Market." Journal of Financial Economics 134, no. 2 (November 2019): 419–446.
- Article
Liquidity Provision and Stock Return Predictability
By: Mark Seasholes and Terrence Hendershott
This paper examines the trading behavior of two groups of liquidity providers (specialists and competing market makers) using a six-year panel of NYSE data. Trades of each group are negatively correlated with contemporaneous price changes. To test for return... View Details
Keywords: Liquidity; Market Makers; Market Efficiency; Inventory; Liquidity Provision; Market Design; Financial Liquidity; Stocks; Investment Return
Seasholes, Mark, and Terrence Hendershott. "Liquidity Provision and Stock Return Predictability." Journal of Banking & Finance 45 (August 2014): 140–151.
- 19 May 2008
- Research & Ideas
Connecting School Ties and Stock Recommendations
Social networks matter for more than just efficient Internet communication. They're also crucial for the strong performance of stock recommendations by analysts, according to researchers at Harvard Business School and the University of... View Details
- 19 Nov 2018
- Working Paper Summaries
Lazy Prices
- February 2020 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
StockX: The Stock Market of Things
By: Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb and Julia Kelley
Founded in 2015 by Dan Gilbert, Josh Luber, and Greg Schwartz, StockX was an online platform where users could buy and sell unworn luxury and limited-edition sneakers. Sneaker resale prices often fluctuated over time based on supply and demand, creating a robust... View Details
Keywords: Markets; Auctions; Bids and Bidding; Demand and Consumers; Consumer Behavior; Analytics and Data Science; Market Design; Digital Platforms; Market Transactions; Marketplace Matching; Supply and Industry; Analysis; Price; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Fashion Industry; North and Central America; United States; Michigan; Detroit
Farronato, Chiara, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb, and Julia Kelley. "StockX: The Stock Market of Things." Harvard Business School Case 620-062, February 2020. (Revised April 2021.)
- Article
Investor Sentiment in the Stock Market
By: Malcolm Baker and Jeffrey Wurgler
We examine how investor sentiment affects the cross-section of stock returns. Theory predicts that a broad wave of sentiment will disproportionately affect stocks whose valuations are highly subjective and are difficult to arbitrage. We test this prediction by... View Details
Keywords: Financial Markets; Stocks; Investment Return; Valuation; Forecasting and Prediction; Volatility; Price; Risk and Uncertainty; Behavioral Finance
Baker, Malcolm, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Investor Sentiment in the Stock Market." Journal of Economic Perspectives 21, no. 2 (Spring 2007): 129–151.
- 2005
- Working Paper
Money Illusion in the Stock Market: The Modigliani-Cohn Hypothesis
By: Randolph B. Cohen, Christopher Polk and Tuomo Vuolteenaho
Modigliani and Cohn [1979] hypothesize that the stock market suffers from money illusion, discounting real cash flows at nominal discount rates. While previous research has focused on the pricing of the aggregate stock market relative to Treasury bills, the... View Details
Cohen, Randolph B., Christopher Polk, and Tuomo Vuolteenaho. "Money Illusion in the Stock Market: The Modigliani-Cohn Hypothesis." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 11018, January 2005.
- spring 2008
- Article
Cost Reductions, Cost Padding and Stock Market Prices: The Chilean Experience with Price Cap Regulation
By: Rafael Di Tella and Alexander Dyck
Di Tella, Rafael, and Alexander Dyck. "Cost Reductions, Cost Padding and Stock Market Prices: The Chilean Experience with Price Cap Regulation." Economía 8, no. 2 (spring 2008).