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- All HBS Web (819)
- Faculty Publications (303)
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- 2022
- Conference Presentation
Organizational Competition: A Catalyst for Workplace Diversity and Desires for Uniqueness
By: Samantha N. Smith, Edward H. Chang, Erika L. Kirgios and Katherine L. Milkman
Competition is prevalent in organizations. For example, people often compete against their colleagues for status and recognition in the workplace or for opportunities for advancement. Workers also compete against others to get hired into organizations in the first... View Details
Smith, Samantha N., Edward H. Chang, Erika L. Kirgios, and Katherine L. Milkman. "Organizational Competition: A Catalyst for Workplace Diversity and Desires for Uniqueness." In The Consequences of Competition in Organizations. Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Joint Symposium, Seattle, WA, USA, 2022.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Controlling Versus Enabling
By: Andrei Hagiu and Julian Wright
Revenue sharing between principals and agents is commonly used to balance double-sided moral hazard. We provide a theory of how, when such revenue-sharing is optimal, a principal allocates control rights over decisions that either party could make. We show that the... View Details
Keywords: Control Rights; Decision Authority; Employment; Independent Contractors; Organizational Theory; Digital Platforms; Governance Controls; Ethics; Vertical Integration
Hagiu, Andrei, and Julian Wright. "Controlling Versus Enabling." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-002, July 2015. (Revised July 2016.)
- April 2013
- Article
Overcoming Resistance to Organizational Change: Strong Ties and Affective Cooptation
By: Julie Battilana and Tiziana Casciaro
We propose a relational theory of how change agents in organizations use the strength of ties in their network to overcome resistance to change. We argue that strong ties to potentially influential organization members who are ambivalent about a change (fence-sitters)... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Social and Collaborative Networks; Power and Influence; Health Industry; United Kingdom
Battilana, Julie, and Tiziana Casciaro. "Overcoming Resistance to Organizational Change: Strong Ties and Affective Cooptation." Management Science 59, no. 4 (April 2013): 819–836.
- 1998
- Chapter
A Theory of the Firm's Knowledge-Creation Dynamics
By: Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi
- March 2011
- Article
Restaurant Organizational Forms and Community in the U.S. in 2005
By: Glenn R. Carroll and Magnus Thor Torfason
Recent sociological theory and research highlights food, drink, and restaurants as culturally meaningful and related to social identity. An implication of this view holds that the prevalence of corporate chain restaurants affects the sociological character of... View Details
Keywords: Demographics; Age; Supply Chain Management; Culture; Balance and Stability; Income Characteristics; Research; Civil Society or Community; Identity; Theory; Society; Service Industry; United States
Carroll, Glenn R., and Magnus Thor Torfason. "Restaurant Organizational Forms and Community in the U.S. in 2005." City & Community 10, no. 1 (March 2011): 1–25.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Diversified Business Groups in the West: History and Theory
By: Asli M. Colpan and Takashi Hikino
This working paper examines the historical origins, evolutionary paths, and long-term resilience of diversified business groups in contemporary developed economies of Western Europe, North America, and Oceania. It aims to come up with a new theoretical understanding of... View Details
Colpan, Asli M., and Takashi Hikino. "Diversified Business Groups in the West: History and Theory." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-035, October 2016.
- March 1993
- Background Note
Stages Theory, The: A Framework for IT Adoption and Organizational Learning
By: Richard L. Nolan, David Croson and Katherine Seger
Describes Professor Richard Nolan's Stages Theory of Information Technology adoption by organizations. View Details
Keywords: Information; Body of Literature; Information Management; Information Publishing; Adoption; Organizational Structure; Organizational Design; Decision Making; Information Technology Industry
Nolan, Richard L., David Croson, and Katherine Seger. "Stages Theory, The: A Framework for IT Adoption and Organizational Learning." Harvard Business School Background Note 193-141, March 1993.
- 2017
- Article
Making Transparency Transparent: The Evolution of Observation in Management Theory
By: Ethan Bernstein
Observation is key to management scholarship and practice. Yet a holistic view of its role in management has been elusive, in part due to shifting terminology. The current popularity of the term “transparency” provides the occasion for a thorough review, which finds... View Details
Keywords: Transparency; Privacy; Observation; Tracking; Monitoring; Surveillance; Learning; Control; Disclosure; Process Visibility; Organizations; Theory; Information Technology; Relationships; Measurement and Metrics; Management Practices and Processes; Leadership; Law; Knowledge; Human Resources; Communication
Bernstein, Ethan. "Making Transparency Transparent: The Evolution of Observation in Management Theory." Academy of Management Annals 11, no. 1 (2017): 217–266.
- 2005
- Working Paper
Silent Saboteurs: How Implicit Theories of Voice Inhibit the Upward Flow of Knowledge in Organizations
By: James R. Detert and Amy C. Edmondson
This article examines, in a series of three studies, how people working in organizational hierarchies wrestle with the challenge of upward voice. We first undertook in-depth exploratory research in a knowledge-intensive multinational corporation in which employee input... View Details
Keywords: Prejudice and Bias; Working Conditions; Knowledge Management; Attitudes; Organizational Culture
Detert, James R., and Amy C. Edmondson. "Silent Saboteurs: How Implicit Theories of Voice Inhibit the Upward Flow of Knowledge in Organizations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 06-024, December 2005. (Revised October 2006, December 2008.)
- 1984
- Chapter
Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure
By: Michael Jensen and William H. Meckling
Jensen, Michael, and William H. Meckling. "Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure." In The Modern Theory of Corporate Finance, edited by Michael C. Jensen and Clifford H. Smith Jr.. McGraw-Hill, 1984. (Also in Economics of Corporation Law & Securities Regulation, Posner & Scott, Eds, (Little Brown,1980); Jensen, Foundations of Organizational Strategy, (HUP, 1998); & Theory of the Firm. . . (HUP, 2000) and JFE.)
- 2015
- Working Paper
A Normative Theory of Dynamic Capabilities: Connecting Strategy, Know-How, and Competition
By: Gary P. Pisano
The field of strategy has mounted an enormous effort to understand, define, predict, and measure how organizational capabilities shape competitive advantage. While the notion that capabilities influence strategy dates back to the work of Andrews (1971), attempts to... View Details
Pisano, Gary P. "A Normative Theory of Dynamic Capabilities: Connecting Strategy, Know-How, and Competition." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-036, September 2015.
- Article
Organizational Ambidexterity: IBM and Emerging Business Opportunities
By: Charles A. O'Reilly III, J. Bruce Harreld and Michael L. Tushman
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Management Skills; Competitive Advantage; Leadership; Theory; Technology Industry
O'Reilly, Charles A., III, J. Bruce Harreld, and Michael L. Tushman. "Organizational Ambidexterity: IBM and Emerging Business Opportunities." California Management Review 51, no. 4 (Summer 2009): 75–99. (Winner of Accenture Award for the article published in the California Management Review that has made the most important contribution to improving the practice of management.)
- 2014
- Working Paper
Eclipsed and Confounded Identities: When High-Status Affiliations Impede Organizational Growth
By: Daniel Malter
I propose that an organization's growth potential may suffer if its identity is eclipsed by or confounded with the organizations with which it collaborates and competes. Using status as a salient feature of identity, I devise two network measures to capture the degree... View Details
Keywords: Distinctiveness; Status; Networks; Resource Acquisition; Growth; Venture Capital; Status and Position; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Identity; Growth and Development Strategy
Malter, Daniel. "Eclipsed and Confounded Identities: When High-Status Affiliations Impede Organizational Growth." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-019, October 2014.
- September–October 2013
- Article
The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring
By: Lamar Pierce and Michael W. Toffel
Governments and other organizations often outsource activities to achieve cost savings from market competition. Yet such benefits are often accompanied by poor quality resulting from moral hazard, which can be particularly onerous when outsourcing the monitoring and... View Details
Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Decision Choices and Conditions; Corporate Accountability; Governance Compliance; Policy; Management Practices and Processes; Demand and Consumers; Market Design; Market Entry and Exit; Market Transactions; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Business Processes; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Expectations; Practice; Transportation; Transportation Industry; Service Industry; United States; New York (state, US)
Pierce, Lamar, and Michael W. Toffel. "The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring." Organization Science 24, no. 5 (September–October 2013): 1558–1584. (Winner of the NBS Research Impact on Practice Award from the Academy of Management (AOM) and Network for Business Sustainability (NBS))
- 2017
- Article
The Energizing Nature of Work Engagement: Toward a New Need-Based Theory of Work Motivation
By: Paul Green, Eli Finkel, Grainne Fitzsimons and Francesca Gino
We present theory suggesting that experiences at work that meet employees’ expectations of need fulfillment drive work engagement. Employees have needs (e.g., a desire to be authentic) and they also have expectations for how their job or their organization will fulfill... View Details
Keywords: Needs; Motivation; Work Engagement; Disengagement; Authenticity; Self-Expression; Employees; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior; Human Needs
Green, Paul, Eli Finkel, Grainne Fitzsimons, and Francesca Gino. "The Energizing Nature of Work Engagement: Toward a New Need-Based Theory of Work Motivation." Research in Organizational Behavior 37 (2017): 1–18.
- 29 Mar 2019
- Interview
Integrating Theory into Your Organization: Black Duck by Synopsys
By: Lou Shipley
The Disruptive Voice hits the road, heading to BlackDuck by Synopsys headquarters in Burlington, MA. We sit down with Lou Shipley (CEO), Patrick Carey (Director of Product Marketing), and Tim Kenny (VP of Culture) to hear how Competing Against Luck became a company... View Details
Keywords: Innovation; Company Culture; Disruption; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Technology; Organizational Culture
"Integrating Theory into Your Organization: Black Duck by Synopsys." no. 31, The Disruptive Voice, HBS Forum on Growth and Innovation, March 29, 2019.
- 2010
- Other Unpublished Work
Hunkering Down and Venturing Out: Network Activation in Response to the Uncertainty of Organizational Restructuring
Uncertain times in organizational life are often accompanied by shifts in resources and power and can trigger a desire for people to affiliate with others. Yet little is understood about which network ties people activate when they feel uncertain about their standing... View Details
- January 2021
- Article
Institutional-Political Scenarios for Anthropocene Society
By: Andrew J. Hoffman and P. Devereaux Jennings
Natural scientists have proposed that humankind has entered a new geologic epoch. Termed the “Anthropocene,” this new reality revolves around the central role of human activity in multiple Earth ecosystems. That challenge requires a rethinking of social science... View Details
Keywords: Institutional Change; Institutional Theory; Natural Environment; Society; Environmental Sustainability
Hoffman, Andrew J., and P. Devereaux Jennings. "Institutional-Political Scenarios for Anthropocene Society." Business & Society 60, no. 1 (January 2021): 57–94.