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      • Faculty Publications  (128)

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      • September 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Miami's Tech Future (D): Developing New Leadership

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Joyce J. Kim
      Traditional establishment leadership of Miami is increasingly challenged by a rising millennial generation that is more diverse and brings more innovative and entrepreneurial “outside-the-building” approaches, including impatience for change. Leadership succession is... View Details
      Keywords: Leaders; Civic Innovation; Change; Change Leadership; Startup; Scaling And Growth; Jurisdictional Disputes; Communication; Community Impact; Community Relations; Leading Change; Leadership; Diversity; Demographics; Entrepreneurship; Business and Community Relations; Miami; Florida
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Joyce J. Kim. "Miami's Tech Future (D): Developing New Leadership." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 321-047, September 2020.
      • August 2020
      • Article

      Strategies for Managing the Privacy Landscape

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Andres Hervas-Drane
      Firms use consumer personal information to improve their products and services. Personal information is open to misuse, however, and when exploited for undesired or unexpected purposes reduces consumer’s trust in the firm and their willingness to provide personal... View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Privacy; Privacy Threats; Strategy Framework; Strategy Interactions; Customers; Information; Management; Strategy; Technology Industry
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Andres Hervas-Drane. "Strategies for Managing the Privacy Landscape." Long Range Planning 53, no. 4 (August 2020).
      • June 2020 (Revised January 2024)
      • Case

      TraceTogether

      By: Mitchell B. Weiss and Sarah Mehta
      By April 7, 2020, over 1.4 million people worldwide had contracted the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Governments raced to curb the spread of COVID-19 by scaling up testing, quarantining those infected, and tracing their possible contacts. It had taken Singapore’s... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Contact Tracing; Government Administration; Crisis Management; Health; Health Pandemics; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Social Issues; Information Technology; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Applications and Software; Technology Adoption; Health Industry; Public Administration Industry; Singapore
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      Weiss, Mitchell B., and Sarah Mehta. "TraceTogether." Harvard Business School Case 820-111, June 2020. (Revised January 2024.)
      • 2020
      • Article

      Why Do User Communities Matter for Strategy?

      By: Sonali K. Shah and Frank Nagle
      In this essay, we explore how strategic management research and practice could benefit from considering the benefits and challenges obtainable through working with user communities. User communities represent a unique organizing structure for the exchange of ideas and... View Details
      Keywords: User Communities; Innovation; Open Source; Collaboration; Cooperative Strategy; Knowledge Sharing; Strategy; Collaborative Innovation and Invention
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      Shah, Sonali K., and Frank Nagle. "Why Do User Communities Matter for Strategy?" Special Issue on Open Innovation. Strategic Management Review 1, no. 2 (2020): 305–353.
      • Article

      The Hidden Vulnerabilities of Open Source Software

      By: Frank Nagle and Jennifer L. Hoffman
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      Nagle, Frank, and Jennifer L. Hoffman. "The Hidden Vulnerabilities of Open Source Software." Harvard Business School Working Knowledge (February 24, 2020).
      • 2020
      • White Paper

      Vulnerabilities in the Core: Preliminary Report and Census II of Open Source Software

      By: Frank Nagle, Jessica Wilkerson, James Dana and Jennifer L. Hoffman
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      Nagle, Frank, Jessica Wilkerson, James Dana, and Jennifer L. Hoffman. "Vulnerabilities in the Core: Preliminary Report and Census II of Open Source Software." Linux Foundation Core Infrastructure Initiative, Linux Foundation, February 2020.
      • 2019
      • Article

      Overcoming Cultural Resistance to Open Source Innovation

      By: John Winsor, Jin Hyun Paik, Michael Tushman and Karim R. Lakhani
      Purpose: This article offers insight on how to effectively help incumbent organizations prepare for global business shifts to open source and digital business models.
      Design/methodology/approach: Discussion related to observation, experience and case studies... View Details
      Keywords: Open Source Innovation; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Model; Technological Innovation; Collaborative Innovation and Invention
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      Winsor, John, Jin Hyun Paik, Michael Tushman, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Overcoming Cultural Resistance to Open Source Innovation." Strategy & Leadership 47, no. 6 (2019): 28–33.
      • September 2019 (Revised September 2020)
      • Case

      SOFWERX: Innovation at U.S. Special Operations Command (Abridged)

      By: Herman Leonard, Mitch Weiss, Jin Hyun Paik and Kerry Herman
      James "Hondo" Geurts, the Acquisition Executive for U.S. Special Operations Command was in the middle of his Senate confirmation hearing in 2017 to become Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development and Acquisition. Overseeing acquisitions in one of the... View Details
      Keywords: Open Innovation; Crowdsourcing; Prototyping; Navy; Entrepreneurship; Public Equity; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Leadership; Acquisition; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Public Administration Industry; United States
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      Leonard, Herman, Mitch Weiss, Jin Hyun Paik, and Kerry Herman. "SOFWERX: Innovation at U.S. Special Operations Command (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 820-047, September 2019. (Revised September 2020.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Professionals' Contributions to Online Knowledge Communities on Their Workplace Knowledge Work

      By: Hila Lifshitz - Assaf and Frank Nagle
      Knowledge work is becoming increasingly challenging as pace of change in the knowledge frontier is increasing. Organizations have created multiple mechanisms to minimize knowledge gaps and increase learning such internal training, mentorship programs as well as... View Details
      Keywords: Open Source; Future Of Work; Software Development; Knowledge Work; Online Community; Learning; Knowledge Sharing; Applications and Software; Open Source Distribution; Performance Productivity
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      Lifshitz - Assaf, Hila, and Frank Nagle. "The Impact of Professionals' Contributions to Online Knowledge Communities on Their Workplace Knowledge Work." Working Paper, April 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Why Do User Communities Matter for Strategy?

      By: Sonali K. Shah and Frank Nagle
      User communities represent a unique organizing structure for the exchange of ideas and knowledge. They are organizations composed primarily of users working collaboratively, voluntarily, and with minimal oversight to freely and openly develop and exchange knowledge... View Details
      Keywords: Strategic Management; Knowledge Sharing; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Organizations; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Strategy
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      Shah, Sonali K., and Frank Nagle. "Why Do User Communities Matter for Strategy?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-126, June 2019.
      • March 2019
      • Teaching Note

      Numenta: Inventing and (or) Commercializing AI

      By: David B. Yoffie
      This teaching notes accompanies the Numenta case, HBS No. 716-469. The focus is how to scale a new artificial intelligence technology, how to build a platform and overcome chicken-or-the-egg problems, and how to utilize open source software and licensing. View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Strategy; Information Technology; Technological Innovation; Commercialization; AI and Machine Learning
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      Yoffie, David B. "Numenta: Inventing and (or) Commercializing AI." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 719-462, March 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness

      By: Frank Nagle
      This study seeks to better understand the impact that government technology procurement regulations have on social value and national competitiveness. To do this, it examines the impact of a change in France’s technology procurement policy that required government... View Details
      Keywords: Social Value; Competitiveness; Government Administration; Information Technology; Acquisition; Policy; Value
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      Nagle, Frank. "Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-103, March 2019.
      • March 2019 (Revised June 2019)
      • Case

      Global Sourcing at Nike

      By: Nien-hê Hsieh, Michael W. Toffel and Olivia Hull
      This case explores the evolution of Nike’s global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers’ factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike’s... View Details
      Keywords: Sourcing; Factory Conditions; Trade; Geography; Geographic Scope; Globalized Firms and Management; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Governance Compliance; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Labor; Human Capital; Working Conditions; Supply Chain Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Labor and Management Relations; Complexity; Sports Industry; Fashion Industry; Oregon; Portland; Asia; North and Central America
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      Hsieh, Nien-hê, Michael W. Toffel, and Olivia Hull. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School Case 619-008, March 2019. (Revised June 2019.)
      • March 2019
      • Article

      Open Source Software and Firm Productivity

      By: Frank Nagle
      As open source software (OSS) is increasingly used as a key input by firms, understanding its impact on productivity becomes critical. This study measures the firm-level productivity impact of nonpecuniary (free) OSS and finds a positive and significant value-added... View Details
      Keywords: Applications and Software; Open Source Distribution; Performance Productivity; Information Technology; Strategy
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      Nagle, Frank. "Open Source Software and Firm Productivity." Management Science 65, no. 3 (March 2019): 1191–1215.
      • October 2018 (Revised August 2023)
      • Case

      Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data

      By: Ethan Bernstein and Stephanie Marton
      On March 11, 2011, at 2:46pm, a 9.1-on-the-Richter-scale, six-minute long earthquake unleashed a tsunami that ravaged the Tohoku region of Japan, damaging the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power facility and releasing sufficient radioactive material into the air and ocean... View Details
      Keywords: Citizen Science; Creative Commons; Open Data; Open Architecture; Volunteer-based Organization; Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Facility; 311; Nuclear; Radiation; Crowdsourcing; Bgeigie; Geiger Counters; Kickstarter; Sustainability; Sustainable Business And Innovation; Design; Energy Generation; Social Entrepreneurship; Human Capital; Innovation and Invention; Crisis Management; Organizational Structure; Organizational Design; Information Technology; Business Model; Energy Industry; Technology Industry; Japan; North and Central America; Europe
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      Bernstein, Ethan, and Stephanie Marton. "Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data." Harvard Business School Case 419-033, October 2018. (Revised August 2023.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      The State of Open Source Server Software

      By: Shane Greenstein and Klaus Ackermann
      The study assembles new data to construct a census of worldwide web server use across the globe. We document a large concentration of investment in the United States, and a wide dispersion across scores of countries. We find tens of billions of dollars of unmeasured... View Details
      Keywords: Internet; Open Source; Internet and the Web; Policy; Open Source Distribution; Internet and the Web; Global Range
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      Greenstein, Shane, and Klaus Ackermann. "The State of Open Source Server Software." Working Paper, September 2018.
      • July 2018 (Revised December 2018)
      • Case

      SOFWERX: Innovation at U.S. Special Operations Command

      By: Herman Leonard, Mitchell Weiss, Jin Hyun Paik and Kerry Herman
      James “Hondo” Geurts, the Acquisition Executive for U.S. Special Operations Command, was in the middle of his Senate confirmation hearing in 2017 to become Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development and Acquisition. The questions had a common theme: how... View Details
      Keywords: James Geurts; Innovation; Public Entrepreneurship; Open Innovation; Crowdsourcing; Contests; Prototyping; SOFWERX; Special Operations; SOCOM; Govtech; Procurement; FAR; EZ-Fly; Navy; Department Of Defense; Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Entrepreneurship; Public Sector; Acquisition; Public Administration Industry; United States
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      Leonard, Herman, Mitchell Weiss, Jin Hyun Paik, and Kerry Herman. "SOFWERX: Innovation at U.S. Special Operations Command." Harvard Business School Case 819-004, July 2018. (Revised December 2018.)
      • July–August 2018
      • Article

      Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods

      By: Frank Nagle
      As the economy becomes more information based, firms are increasingly using crowdsourced public goods as inputs for innovation and production. Counterintuitively, some firms pay their employees to contribute to the creation of these goods, which can be used freely by... View Details
      Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Applications and Software; Competitive Strategy; Learning; Competitive Advantage
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      Nagle, Frank. "Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods." Organization Science 29, no. 4 (July–August 2018): 569–587.
      • November 2021
      • Article

      Gaussian Process Subset Scanning for Anomalous Pattern Detection in Non-iid Data

      By: William Herlands, Edward McFowland III, Andrew Gordon Wilson and Daniel B. Neill
      Identifying anomalous patterns in real-world data is essential for understanding where, when, and how systems deviate from their expected dynamics. Yet methods that separately consider the anomalousness of each individual data point have low detection power for subtle,... View Details
      Keywords: Pattern Detection; Subset Scanning; Gaussian Processes; Mathematical Methods
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      Herlands, William, Edward McFowland III, Andrew Gordon Wilson, and Daniel B. Neill. "Gaussian Process Subset Scanning for Anomalous Pattern Detection in Non-iid Data." Proceedings of Machine Learning Research (PMLR) 84 (2018): 425–434. (Also presented at the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 2018.)
      • November 2017 (Revised September 2020)
      • Supplement

      Miami's Tech Future (D): Developing New Leadership

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter
      Traditional establishment leadership of Miami is increasingly challenged by a rising millennial generation that is more diverse and brings more innovative and entrepreneurial “outside-the-building” approaches, including impatience for change. Leadership succession is... View Details
      Keywords: Leaders; Civic Innovation; Change; Change Leadership; Startup; Scaling And Growth; Jurisdictional Disputes; Communication; Community Impact; Community Relations; Leading Change; Leadership; Diversity; Demographics; Entrepreneurship; Business and Community Relations; Miami; Florida
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "Miami's Tech Future (D): Developing New Leadership." Harvard Business School Supplement 318-036, November 2017. (Revised September 2020.)
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