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      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      How Wicked Problems Drive Business Performance: A Review of the Academic Literature

      By: Caroline Adelson, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price and Marco Iansiti
      Recent years have seen a rise in the number of businesses engaged in the pursuit of “purposeful” activities – that is, activities that engage with the broader community in ways that expand beyond the pursuit of shareholder value. Many of these activities involve... View Details
      Keywords: Wicked Problems; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Performance
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      Adelson, Caroline, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price, and Marco Iansiti. "How Wicked Problems Drive Business Performance: A Review of the Academic Literature." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-064, April 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Firm Purpose and Problem Wickedness: A Review of the Academic Literature

      By: Caroline Adelson, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price and Marco Iansiti
      Our understanding of the firm’s role in society has evolved greatly over the past 70 years, with more recent years seeing a sharp rise in interest for how firms can contribute more than profits to society – that is, have a purpose beyond profits. Businesses engaged in... View Details
      Keywords: Mission and Purpose; Problems and Challenges
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      Adelson, Caroline, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price, and Marco Iansiti. "Firm Purpose and Problem Wickedness: A Review of the Academic Literature." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-063, April 2023.
      • Spring 2023
      • Article

      Incentive Contract Design and Employee-Initiated Innovation: Evidence from the Field

      By: Wei Cai, Susanna Gallani and Jee-Eun Shin
      This study examines how the design of incentive contracts for tasks defined as workers’ official responsibilities (i.e., standard tasks) influences workers’ propensity to engage in employee-initiated innovation (EII). EII corresponds to innovation activities that are... View Details
      Keywords: Employee-initiated Innovation; Contract Design; Rank-and-file; Extra-role Behaviors; Compensation and Benefits; Motivation and Incentives; Innovation and Management
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      Cai, Wei, Susanna Gallani, and Jee-Eun Shin. "Incentive Contract Design and Employee-Initiated Innovation: Evidence from the Field." Contemporary Accounting Research 40, no. 1 (Spring 2023): 292–323.
      • April 2023
      • Article

      On the Privacy Risks of Algorithmic Recourse

      By: Martin Pawelczyk, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Seth Neel
      As predictive models are increasingly being employed to make consequential decisions, there is a growing emphasis on developing techniques that can provide algorithmic recourse to affected individuals. While such recourses can be immensely beneficial to affected... View Details
      Keywords: Recourse; Privacy Threats; AI and Machine Learning; Information
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      Pawelczyk, Martin, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Seth Neel. "On the Privacy Risks of Algorithmic Recourse." Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 206 (April 2023).
      • April 2023
      • Article

      The Subjective Expected Utility Approach and a Framework for Defining Project Risk in Terms of Novelty and Feasibility—A Response to Franzoni and Stephan (2023), ‘Uncertainty and Risk-Taking in Science’

      By: Jacqueline N. Lane
      In their Discussion Paper, Franzoni and Stephan (F&S, 2023) discuss the shortcomings of existing peer review models in shaping the funding of risky science. Their discussion offers a conceptual framework for incorporating risk into peer review models of research... View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Research; Resource Allocation; Perception
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      Lane, Jacqueline N. "The Subjective Expected Utility Approach and a Framework for Defining Project Risk in Terms of Novelty and Feasibility—A Response to Franzoni and Stephan (2023), ‘Uncertainty and Risk-Taking in Science’." Art. 104707. Research Policy 52, no. 3 (April 2023).
      • Working Paper

      Group Fairness in Dynamic Refugee Assignment

      By: Daniel Freund, Thodoris Lykouris, Elisabeth Paulson, Bradley Sturt and Wentao Weng
      Ensuring that refugees and asylum seekers thrive (e.g., find employment) in their host countries is a profound humanitarian goal, and a primary driver of employment is the geographic location within a host country to which the refugee or asylum seeker is... View Details
      Keywords: Refugees; Geographic Location; Mathematical Methods; Employment; Fairness
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      Freund, Daniel, Thodoris Lykouris, Elisabeth Paulson, Bradley Sturt, and Wentao Weng. "Group Fairness in Dynamic Refugee Assignment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-047, February 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      'It Wouldn’t Have Mattered Anyway': When Overdetermined Outcomes Justify Our Sins

      By: Stephanie C. Lin, Julian J. Zlatev and Dale T. Miller
      We identify and document an “overdetermined outcome defense” which occurs when one learns that circumstances besides one’s own actions were sufficient to produce a negative effect (e.g., deciding not to go to the gym, but later discovering that the gym had been... View Details
      Keywords: Moral Sensibility; Decision Making; Outcome or Result; Behavior
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      Lin, Stephanie C., Julian J. Zlatev, and Dale T. Miller. "'It Wouldn’t Have Mattered Anyway': When Overdetermined Outcomes Justify Our Sins." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-045, January 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Subjective Expected Utility Approach and a Framework for Defining Project Risk in Terms of Novelty and Feasibility—A Response to Franzoni and Stephan (2023), ‘Uncertainty and Risk-Taking in Science’

      By: Jacqueline N. Lane
      In their Discussion Paper, Franzoni and Stephan (F&S, 2023) discuss the shortcomings of existing peer review models in shaping the funding of risky science. Their discussion offers a conceptual framework for incorporating risk into peer review models of research... View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Research; Resource Allocation; Perception
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      Lane, Jacqueline N. "The Subjective Expected Utility Approach and a Framework for Defining Project Risk in Terms of Novelty and Feasibility—A Response to Franzoni and Stephan (2023), ‘Uncertainty and Risk-Taking in Science’." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-037, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Article

      Psychological Safety Comes of Age: Observed Themes in an Established Literature

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Derrick P. Bransby
      Since its renaissance in the 1990s, psychological safety research has flourished—a boom motivated by recognition of the challenge of navigating uncertainty and change. Today, its theoretical and practical significance is amplified by the increasingly complex and... View Details
      Keywords: Safety; Risk and Uncertainty; Leadership; Working Conditions; Research; Performance; Learning; Organizational Culture
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Derrick P. Bransby. "Psychological Safety Comes of Age: Observed Themes in an Established Literature." Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 10 (January 2023): 55–78.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Evolving Academic Field of Climate Finance

      By: Matteo Gasparini and Peter Tufano
      The urgency and the magnitude of climate change will affect every aspect of our economies, societies, and planet. The academic finance research has begun to study the financial implications of global warming, although this body of literature is small. The field has... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Finance; Finance Academia; Greenhouse Gas; Sustainable Finance; Financial Decisions; Educational Finance; Finance; Climate Change; Transition
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      Gasparini, Matteo, and Peter Tufano. "The Evolving Academic Field of Climate Finance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-057, January 2023.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Becoming a Learning Organization While Enhancing Performance: The Case of LEGO

      By: Thomas Borup Kristensen, Henrik Saabye and Amy Edmondson
      Purpose - The purpose of this study is to empirically test how problem-solving lean practices, along with leaders as learning facilitators in an action learning approach, can be transferred from a production context to a knowledge work context for the purpose... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Efficiency; Learning; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Kristensen, Thomas Borup, Henrik Saabye, and Amy Edmondson. "Becoming a Learning Organization While Enhancing Performance: The Case of LEGO." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 42, no. 13 (2022): 438–481.
      • December 2022
      • Article

      Entry Points: Gaining Momentum in Early-Stage Cross-Boundary Collaborations

      By: Eva Flavia Martínez Orbegozo, Jorrit de Jong, Hannah Riley Bowles, Amy Edmondson, Anahide Nahhal and Lisa Cox
      To address complex social challenges, it is widely recognized that leaders from public, for-profit, and civic organizations should join forces. Yet, well-intended collaborators often struggle to achieve alignment and fail to gain traction in their joint efforts. This... View Details
      Keywords: Groups and Teams; Social and Collaborative Networks; Goals and Objectives
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      Orbegozo, Eva Flavia Martínez, Jorrit de Jong, Hannah Riley Bowles, Amy Edmondson, Anahide Nahhal, and Lisa Cox. "Entry Points: Gaining Momentum in Early-Stage Cross-Boundary Collaborations." Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 58, no. 4 (December 2022): 595–645.
      • November, 2022
      • Article

      Role of Context in Knowledge Flows: Host Country versus Headquarters as Sources of MNC Subsidiary Knowledge Inheritance

      By: Mike Horia Teodorescu, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tarun Khanna
      We respond to calls in the strategy and international business literature for elucidating how multinational subsidiaries develop contextual intelligence in host countries and how they use the local context as a source of valuable opportunities for learning. Applying... View Details
      Keywords: MNCs; Knowledge Flows; Innovation; Gravity Model; Absorptive Capacity; Multinational Firms and Management; Business Subsidiaries; Knowledge Management; Business Headquarters; Innovation and Invention
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      Teodorescu, Mike Horia, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Tarun Khanna. "Role of Context in Knowledge Flows: Host Country versus Headquarters as Sources of MNC Subsidiary Knowledge Inheritance." Special Issue on Decade Celebration Special Issue II. Global Strategy Journal 12, no. 4 (November, 2022): 658–678.
      • 2022
      • Article

      The Effects of Public and Private Equity Markets on Firm Behavior

      By: Shai Bernstein
      In this article, I review the theoretical and empirical literature on the effects of public and private equity markets on firm behavior, emphasizing the consequences that emerge from disclosure requirements, ownership concentration, and degree of firm standardization.... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Finance And Governance; Financing Policy; Commercialization; Capital Markets; Private Equity; Public Equity; Venture Capital; Innovation and Invention; Cost of Capital
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      Bernstein, Shai. "The Effects of Public and Private Equity Markets on Firm Behavior." Annual Review of Financial Economics 14 (2022): 295–318.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Adjusting Prices in the Long-tail: The Role of Competitive Monitoring

      By: Ayelet Israeli and Eric Anderson
      Most e-commerce retailers offer a long-tail of very low demand products. Individually, these items may have low sales but collectively they are critical to the overall e-commerce business model. Because of their minimal sales, pricing is a constant challenge. The... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithmic Pricing; Ecommerce; Price Monitoring; Price; Competition; Retail Industry
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      Israeli, Ayelet, and Eric Anderson. "Adjusting Prices in the Long-tail: The Role of Competitive Monitoring." Working Paper, June 2024.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Algorithmic Assortment Curation: An Empirical Study of Buybox in Online Marketplaces

      By: Santiago Gallino, Nil Karacaoglu and Antonio Moreno
      Most online sales worldwide take place in marketplaces that connect sellers and buyers. The presence of numerous third-party sellers leads to a proliferation of listings for each product, making it difficult for customers to choose between the available options. Online... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithms; E-commerce; Sales; Digital Marketing; Internet and the Web; Customer Satisfaction
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      Gallino, Santiago, Nil Karacaoglu, and Antonio Moreno. "Algorithmic Assortment Curation: An Empirical Study of Buybox in Online Marketplaces." Working Paper, 2025.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Coordinating Marketing and Sales in B2B Organizations

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      This Handbook is targeted at academics and graduate students who want an overview of the academic state of the business-to-business marketing domain and at B2B practitioners who want to be aware of the current state of knowledge in their domains. This chapter examines... View Details
      Keywords: B2B Marketing; Marketing
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Coordinating Marketing and Sales in B2B Organizations." Chap. 7 in Handbook of Business-to-Business Marketing. 2nd ed. Edited by Gary L. Lilien, J. Andrew Petersen, and Stefan Wuyts, 117–137. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
      • September 2022
      • Article

      Experimentation and Start-up Performance: Evidence from A/B Testing

      By: Rembrand Koning, Sharique Hasan and Aaron Chatterji
      Recent scholarship has argued that experimentation should be the organizing principle for entrepreneurial strategy. Experimentation leads to organizational learning, which drives improvements in firm performance. We investigate this proposition by exploiting the... View Details
      Keywords: Experimentation; A/B Testing; Data-driven Decision-making; Organizational Learning; Entrepreneurship; Strategy; Business Startups; Learning; Performance; Decision Making
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      Koning, Rembrand, Sharique Hasan, and Aaron Chatterji. "Experimentation and Start-up Performance: Evidence from A/B Testing." Management Science 68, no. 9 (September 2022): 6434–6453.
      • August 2022
      • Article

      What Makes a Good Image? Airbnb Demand Analytics Leveraging Interpretable Image Features

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Dokyun Lee, Param Vir Singh and Kannan Srinivasan
      We study how Airbnb property demand changed after the acquisition of verified images (taken by Airbnb’s photographers) and explore what makes a good image for an Airbnb property. Using deep learning and difference-in-difference analyses on an Airbnb panel dataset... View Details
      Keywords: Sharing Economy; Airbnb; Property Demand; Computer Vision; Deep Learning; Image Feature Extraction; Content Engineering; Property; Marketing; Demand and Consumers
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Dokyun Lee, Param Vir Singh, and Kannan Srinivasan. "What Makes a Good Image? Airbnb Demand Analytics Leveraging Interpretable Image Features." Management Science 68, no. 8 (August 2022): 5644–5666.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Satisfaction of Workers in Low-Wage Jobs

      By: Elizabeth R. Johnson and Ashley V. Whillans
      How did job satisfaction change during the pandemic for workers in low-wage jobs, and how did workers’ experiences compare to those in professional jobs? Using nationally representative survey data, we show that the pandemic increased the dissatisfaction of workers in... View Details
      Keywords: Low-Wage Jobs; COVID-19 Pandemic; Pay; Job Satisfaction; Income Inequality; Stereotypes; Satisfaction; Compensation and Benefits; Working Conditions
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      Johnson, Elizabeth R., and Ashley V. Whillans. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Satisfaction of Workers in Low-Wage Jobs." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-001, July 2022.
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