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  • March 2016
  • Case

IC Group A/S

By: John R. Wells and Gabriel Ellsworth
IC Group owned several of Scandinavia's leading premium fashion brands. How should it respond to the decline of its primary wholesale distribution channels (independent fashion boutiques and department stores)? Should it open more physical stores or focus on... View Details
Keywords: IC Group; IC Companys; Carli Gry; InWear; Mads Ryder; Niels Martinsen; Premium Fashion; Fast Fashion; Business Units; Business Divisions; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Business Organization; For-Profit Firms; Profit; Revenue; Multinational Firms and Management; Business History; Business or Company Management; Acquisition; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Distribution Channels; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Problems and Challenges; Strategy; Product Positioning; Competition; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Vertical Integration; Segmentation; Web Sites; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Fashion Industry; Retail Industry; Scandinavia; Denmark; Sweden; Norway
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  • 2022
  • Article

The Pricing and Ownership of U.S. Green Bonds

By: Malcolm Baker, Daniel Bergstresser, George Serafeim and Jeffrey Wurgler
We study green bonds, which are bonds whose proceeds are used for environmentally sensitive purposes. After an overview of the U.S. corporate and municipal green bonds markets, we study pricing and ownership patterns using a simple framework that incorporates assets... View Details
Keywords: Green Bond; Pricing; Climate Finance; ESG; SRI; Sustainable; Municipal; Bonds; Environmental Sustainability; Financial Markets; Price; Ownership; United States
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

Digital Labor Market Inequality and the Decline of IT Exceptionalism

By: Ruiqing Cao and Shane Greenstein
Several decades of expansion in digital communications, web commerce, and online distribution have altered regional IT labor market returns in the United States. IT occupations experienced similar wage growth as STEM occupations involving IT-related work activities,... View Details
Keywords: Information Technology; Labor; Wages; Equality and Inequality
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  • September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
  • Supplement

Keroche (E): Considering Additional Capacity

By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case describes Keroche’s growth after entering the beer business in 2008. Although the company was operating at full capacity and not able to fulfill all of its orders, Tabitha Karanja had set a goal of growing Keroche’s share of the Kenyan beer market from... View Details
Keywords: Keroche; Alcohol; Alcoholic Beverages; Beer; Beer Market; Premium Beer; Manufacturing; Production; Production Capacity; Capacity; Business Ventures; Business Exit or Shutdown; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Small Business; Family Business; Crime and Corruption; Customer Focus and Relationships; Decisions; Income; Demographics; Geographic Scope; Geographic Location; Goods and Commodities; Government Legislation; Growth and Development; Business History; Lawsuits and Litigation; Laws and Statutes; Lawfulness; Goals and Objectives; Consumer Behavior; Market Entry and Exit; Problems and Challenges; Safety; Social Issues; Poverty; Strategy; Competition; Entrepreneurship; Investment; Financing and Loans; Manufacturing Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
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  • 09 Oct 2013
  • News

A New Way to Pay for Long-Term Care

  • February 2001 (Revised September 2005)
  • Case

Howard Schultz and Starbucks Coffee Company

By: Nancy F. Koehn
Investigates the entrepreneur's strategic initiatives to develop a mass market for specialty coffee in the 1980s and 1990s. These initiatives included the development of premium products, rapid expansion of company-owned stores--each with attractive retail environments... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Groups and Teams; Brands and Branding; Growth Management; Employee Relationship Management; Consumer Behavior; Organizational Design; Leadership Style; Customer Relationship Management; Competitive Advantage; Vertical Integration; Food and Beverage Industry
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  • April 2015 (Revised January 2020)
  • Case

Japan's Missing Arrow?

By: Laura Alfaro and Hilary White
In late December 2014, Shinzo Abe was elected to another term as the prime minister of Japan. His re-election was largely interpreted as a vote of confidence for his economics policies, collectively referred to as "Abenomics." Comprised of three "arrows," including... View Details
Keywords: Currency; Bonds; Government Bonds; Government Debt; Public Finance; Quantitative Easing; Stimulus; Fiscal Policy; Fiscal Deficits; Debt Management; Debt Reduction; Abenomics; Exchange Rate; Exports; Reform; Economics; Macroeconomics; Policy; Government Legislation; Government and Politics; Asia; Japan
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  • Research Summary

Overview

By: Mattias E. Fibiger
Professor Fibiger conducts research on twentieth-century international history, focusing primarily on political economy and international relations in Southeast Asia.

Professor Fibiger's first book is entitled Suharto's Cold War: Indonesia, Southeast... View Details
Keywords: Authoritarianism; Political Economy; Foreign Aid; Foreign Direct Investment; Foreign Policy; Southeast Asia; United States; Finance; International Economy; International Capital Markets; History; International Relations; National Security; Government and Politics; Development Economics; Southeast Asia; United States; Indonesia; Philippines; Malaysia; Singapore
  • 23 Mar 2023
  • Research & Ideas

As Climate Fears Mount, More Investors Turn to 'ESG' Funds Despite Few Rules

Investor interest in social responsibility has skyrocketed in the past three years, even as US regulations to hold companies accountable remain in flux and the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) label itself draws backlash. Investors are willing to pay a... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne; Financial Services
  • December 12, 2023
  • Article

Prices for Common Services at Quaternary vs Nonquaternary Hospitals

By: Brandon W. Yan, Maximilian J. Pany and Leemore S. Dafny
Using commercial health insurance claims data from 2017-2019, we assessed whether quaternary hospitals charged higher prices for common, unspecialized services also offered by nonquaternary hospitals. We found quaternary-hospital price premiums of 8.2 percent, on... View Details
Keywords: Price; Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Markets; Health Industry
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  • February 2003
  • Exercise

Restructuring the U.S. Steel Industry: Spreadsheet Exercise

By: William E. Fruhan Jr.
Description of an EXCEL spreadsheet exercise to test the impact of changes in wage rates on the value of debt and equity securities. View Details
Keywords: Equity; Debt Securities; Valuation; Wages; Restructuring; Steel Industry
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  • February 2003
  • Supplement

Steel Cash

By: William E. Fruhan Jr. and Katherine A. Codega
Spreadsheet to (9-203-042). Test the impact of changes in wage rates on the value of debt and equity securities. Download only. View Details
Keywords: Change; Equity; Debt Securities; Wages
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  • Forthcoming
  • Article

Pricing of Climate Risk Insurance: Regulation and Cross-Subsidies

By: Ishita Sen, Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva and Sangmin Oh
We study the pricing of homeowners’ insurance, a $15 trillion market essential for hedging climate-related losses. We show that insurance premiums are subject to starkly different regulations across states, creating persistent cross-subsidies and price distortions. We... View Details
Keywords: Climate Risk; Homeowners' Insurance; Price Controls; Financial Regulation; Cross-subsidization; Climate Change; Price; Risk and Uncertainty; Geographic Location; Insurance Industry; United States
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  • March 1980 (Revised October 1980)
  • Background Note

Financial Leverage, the Capital Asset Pricing Model and the Cost of Equity Capital

Demonstrates how the capital asset pricing model can be used to estimate the impact of financial leverage on the cost of equity capital. The levering and unlevering of betas are illustrated. Also presents a methodology for decomposing the cost of equity into its three... View Details
Keywords: Cost of Capital; Asset Pricing; Investment
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  • 2023
  • Working Paper

The International Price of Remote Work

By: Agostina Brinatti, Alberto Cavallo, Javier Cravino and Andres Drenik
We study how the price of remote work is determined in a globalized labor market using data from a large web-based job platform, where workers from around the world compete for remote jobs. Despite the global nature of the platform, we find that remote wages are higher... View Details
Keywords: Remote Work; Exchange Rates; Purchasing Power Parity; Offshoring And Outsourcing; Macroeconomics; Developing Countries and Economies; Wages; Trade; Globalization; Marketplace Matching; Currency Exchange Rate; Service Industry; Web Services Industry; Technology Industry
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  • Article

Targeting Weather Insurance Markets

By: Anita Mukherjee, Shawn Cole and Jeremy Tobacman
The suitability of insurance products often depends greatly on individual circumstances. This paper examines the challenges of heterogeneity in a relatively new product, weather‐indexed insurance. This index insurance product has been launched in over a dozen... View Details
Keywords: Index Insurance; Labor Markets; Self-insurance; Self-protection; Weather; Insurance; Markets; Household; Risk Management
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  • April 2011 (Revised May 2013)
  • Case

South Africa (A): Stuck in the Middle?

By: Richard H. K. Vietor and Diego Comin
Fifteen years after ending apartheid, formal unemployment in South Africa was still at 24%. While the country had grown at 4 to 5% annually during the 2000s, the financial crisis set it back by 1 million more unemployed. Moreover, it seemed as if the nation were stuck... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Inflation and Deflation; Policy; Employment; Wages; Competition; South Africa
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  • April 2011 (Revised December 2012)
  • Supplement

South Africa (B): Getting Unstuck?

By: Richard H. K. Vietor and Diego Comin
15 years after ending apartheid, formal unemployment in South Africa was still at 24%. While the country had grown at 4 to 5% annually during the 2000s, the financial crisis set it back by 1 million more unemployed. Moreover, it seemed as if the nation were stuck... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Inflation and Deflation; Policy; Employment; Wages; Competition; South Africa
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  • 2025
  • Working Paper

Private Equity and Workers: Modeling and Measuring Monopsony, Reallocation, and Trust

By: Kyle Herkenhoff, Josh Lerner, Gordon M. Phillips, Francisca Rebelo and Benjamin Sampson
We measure the real effects of private equity buyouts on worker outcomes by building a new database that links transactions to matched employer-employee data in the United States. To guide our empirical analysis, we derive testable implications from three theories in... View Details
Keywords: Monopsony; Market Power; Productivity; Private Equity; Employment; Wages; Employees
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  • 22 Jan 2013
  • First Look

First Look: Jan. 22

a premium to accommodate expectations shocks from extrapolative traders, but markets are not efficient. Download the paper: http://papers.nber.org/papers/w18686 These Are the Good Old Days: Foreign Entry and the Mexican Banking System... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne