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- All HBS Web
(6,447)
- People (3)
- News (1,341)
- Research (4,131)
- Events (16)
- Multimedia (81)
- Faculty Publications (2,891)
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- April 2011 (Revised May 2011)
- Case
EMC2: Delivering Customer Centricity
By: Thomas Steenburgh and Jill Avery
This case introduces the concept of customer centricity and traces its development at EMC, the world's leading data storage hardware and information management software company. EMC's customers had historically relied on EMC salespeople to guide them through the... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Interpersonal Communication; Customer Relationship Management; Knowledge Acquisition; Marketing Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Salesforce Management; Social and Collaborative Networks; Internet; Information Technology Industry
Steenburgh, Thomas, and Jill Avery. "EMC2: Delivering Customer Centricity." Harvard Business School Case 511-124, April 2011. (Revised May 2011.)
- June 2019
- Case
Airbnb, Etsy, Uber: Expanding from One to Many Millions of Customers
By: Thales S. Teixeira
By 2019, two-sided online platforms (or marketplaces) were among the highest-growing internet startups around. These marketplaces sought to match suppliers of assets for rent, physical products, or services with customers demanding them. Among the most notable... View Details
Keywords: Airbnb; Etsy; Uber; Growth Hacking; Two-Sided Markets; Digital Marketing; Customer Acquisition; Two-Sided Platforms; Growth Management; Marketing Strategy; Customers; Acquisition; Organizational Change and Adaptation
Teixeira, Thales S. "Airbnb, Etsy, Uber: Expanding from One to Many Millions of Customers." Harvard Business School Case 519-087, June 2019.
- September 2015 (Revised March 2025)
- Technical Note
FIELD Global Capstone: Developing Customer Empathy
By: Jill Avery
The Design Thinking process begins with empathizing with potential customers. Empathizing, being aware of, interpreting, and understanding the thoughts of others, as well as being able to vicariously experience them oneself, requires the careful and deliberate study of... View Details
Keywords: Market Research; Design Thinking; Customer Behavior; Ethnography; Interviews; Surveys; A/B Testing; Experimentation; Marketing; Customer Focus and Relationships; Consumer Behavior; Demand and Consumers
Avery, Jill. "FIELD Global Capstone: Developing Customer Empathy." Harvard Business School Technical Note 316-082, September 2015. (Revised March 2025.)
- December 2005 (Revised March 2006)
- Module Note
Rethinking Customer Satisfaction
By: Youngme E. Moon
Outlines the structure and content of a six-session module that explores the negative dynamics that can result when firm profitability becomes disconnected from customer satisfaction. View Details
Keywords: Customer Satisfaction
Moon, Youngme E. "Rethinking Customer Satisfaction." Harvard Business School Module Note 506-046, December 2005. (Revised March 2006.)
- February 2002 (Revised March 2002)
- Case
Customer Profitability and Customer Relationship Management at RBC Financial Group
By: V.G. Narayanan and Lisa Brem
The Royal Bank of Canada uses customer relationship management and customer profitability tools to gain a competitive advantage in Canada's increasingly crowded financial services market. The case presents two pricing and customer management issues: one from the point... View Details
Keywords: Competitive Advantage; Price; Customer Relationship Management; Marketing; Customer Value and Value Chain; Financial Services Industry; Banking Industry; Canada
Narayanan, V.G., and Lisa Brem. "Customer Profitability and Customer Relationship Management at RBC Financial Group." Harvard Business School Case 102-043, February 2002. (Revised March 2002.)
- March 2002 (Revised May 2007)
- Case
Customer Profitability and Customer Relationship Management at RBC Financial Group (Abridged)
By: V.G. Narayanan and Lisa Brem
The Royal Bank of Canada uses customer relationship management and customer profitability tools to gain a competitive advantage in Canada's increasingly crowded financial services market. The case presents two pricing and customer management issues: one from the point... View Details
Keywords: Customers; Customer Relationship Management; Price; Perspective; Marketing; Competitive Advantage; Financial Services Industry; Banking Industry; Canada
Narayanan, V.G., and Lisa Brem. "Customer Profitability and Customer Relationship Management at RBC Financial Group (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 102-072, March 2002. (Revised May 2007.)
- 2004
- Article
Valuing Customers
By: Sunil Gupta, Donald R. Lehmann and Jennifer A. Stuart
Gupta, Sunil, Donald R. Lehmann, and Jennifer A. Stuart. "Valuing Customers." Recherche et Applications en Marketing 19, no. 2 (2004).
- November 2023 (Revised March 2024)
- Technical Note
Customer Data Privacy
By: Eva Ascarza and Ta-Wei Huang
This note provides an overview of the evolving landscape of customer data privacy in 2023. It highlights two pivotal aspects that make privacy a central concern for businesses: building and maintaining customer trust and navigating the intricate regulatory... View Details
Keywords: Customer Relationship Management; Governance Compliance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Risk and Uncertainty; Reputation; Trust; Information Management; Retail Industry; Technology Industry; Financial Services Industry; Telecommunications Industry; Europe; United States
Ascarza, Eva, and Ta-Wei Huang. "Customer Data Privacy." Harvard Business School Technical Note 524-005, November 2023. (Revised March 2024.)
- March 1997
- Background Note
Note on Customer Behavior
By: Gerald Zaltman
A review of selected key concepts that are useful for understanding customers. The importance of understanding customers is also discussed, along with a short description of new frontiers in the study of customer behavior. View Details
- July 1998 (Revised October 2004)
- Case
Custom Research Inc. (A)
By: William J. Bruns Jr. and Susan Harmeling
Custom Research is considering terminating service to many clients to eliminate unprofitable work and concentrate on the more profitable client projects. View Details
Bruns, William J., Jr., and Susan Harmeling. "Custom Research Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 199-001, July 1998. (Revised October 2004.)
- October 2000 (Revised December 2002)
- Background Note
Note on Customer Management
By: Das Narayandas
Describes a process for managing customers for profit. View Details
Narayandas, Das. "Note on Customer Management." Harvard Business School Background Note 501-044, October 2000. (Revised December 2002.)
- January 2005 (Revised June 2005)
- Case
Zipcar: Influencing Customer Behavior
By: Frances X. Frei and Hanna Rodriguez-Farrar
At Zipcar, customers share the use of cars and, as a result, rely on each other for their service experience. Customers are required to keep the car clean and the gas tank full and to return the car on time. Told from the perspective of two customers: Sal Fishman, who... View Details
Keywords: Information Technology; Governance Controls; Behavior; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Consumer Behavior; Leasing; Transportation Industry; Service Industry; United States
Frei, Frances X., and Hanna Rodriguez-Farrar. "Zipcar: Influencing Customer Behavior." Harvard Business School Case 605-054, January 2005. (Revised June 2005.)
- Article
Valuing Customers
By: Sunil Gupta, Donald R. Lehmann and Jennifer A. Stuart
Gupta, Sunil, Donald R. Lehmann, and Jennifer A. Stuart. "Valuing Customers." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 41, no. 1 (February 2004): 7–18. (Winner of the 2009 William F. O'Dell award from the Journal of Marketing Research.)
- Research Summary
How to Manage Customers for Increased Profits and Customer Satisfaction
By: Frances X. Frei
For many service firms, the customer plays an important role in contributing to the cost and/or quality of the service. This is very different than many manufacturing contexts, for example, where the firm has virtually complete control over product cost and quality. ... View Details
- January 2024 (Revised February 2024)
- Exercise
Travelogo: Understanding Customer Journeys
By: Eva Ascarza, Nicolas Padilla and Oded Netzer
In late May 2023, Sarah Merino, the newly appointed manager of the Customer Insights group at Travelogo—an online travel booking platform—initiates a comprehensive analysis of clickstream data to understand the varied behaviors and needs of their users. In preparation... View Details
Keywords: Customer Relationship Management; Analysis; Analytics and Data Science; Marketing Strategy; Segmentation; Consumer Behavior; Travel Industry; United States
Ascarza, Eva, Nicolas Padilla, and Oded Netzer. "Travelogo: Understanding Customer Journeys." Harvard Business School Exercise 524-044, January 2024. (Revised February 2024.)
- November 1989
- Background Note
Customer Service
Keywords: Customers
Cespedes, Frank V. "Customer Service." Harvard Business School Background Note 590-055, November 1989.
- June 2002
- Background Note
Note on Customer Management
By: Das Narayandas
Lays out a framework for the management of customers using examples of forms in a variety of industries. View Details
Narayandas, Das. "Note on Customer Management." Harvard Business School Background Note 502-073, June 2002.
- December 1992 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
ACTC Customer Service Department
Focuses on the young general manager of a new cable TV system and on its customer service department. Jeanne LaFrance, the general manager, has an uneasy feeling about the way in which the department is being managed. She sees symptoms of what she suspects are serious... View Details
Keywords: Management; Problems and Challenges; Planning; Customer Focus and Relationships; Performance Evaluation; Telecommunications Industry
Roberts, Michael J. "ACTC Customer Service Department." Harvard Business School Case 393-056, December 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
- Research Summary
Dynamic Customer Relationship Management
Professor Lemon's work on dynamic customer relationships provides insight into how the customer's view of the relationship changes over time. Her research shows that current customers will adjust usage levels of a service in response to firm price changes in order to... View Details
- 2001
- Article
Customizing Careers
By: James Waldroop and Timothy Butler
Keywords: Personal Development and Career