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      • January 2010 (Revised August 2010)
      • Background Note

      Advanced Leadership Note: An Institutional Perspective and Framework for Managing and Leading

      By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Rakesh Khurana
      Large-scale societal issues increasingly appear on the agenda of business leaders, including poverty, health, education, business-government relations, and the degradation of the environment. These problems are not entirely new, but the forces of globalization and the... View Details
      Keywords: Change Management; Framework; Global Range; Leadership; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Social Enterprise; Social Issues; Complexity
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      Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Rakesh Khurana. "Advanced Leadership Note: An Institutional Perspective and Framework for Managing and Leading." Harvard Business School Background Note 410-076, January 2010. (Revised August 2010.)
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Backlash to Arbitration: Three Causes

      By: Louis T. Wells

      There are at least three reasons for the current backlash among developing countries against the international regime that governs disputes between foreign investors and host governments. First is the inconsistency of the decisions rendered by arbitration panels... View Details

      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; International Finance; Foreign Direct Investment; Agreements and Arrangements; Business and Government Relations; Conflict Management
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      Wells, Louis T. "Backlash to Arbitration: Three Causes." Chap. 14 in The Backlash Against Investment Arbitration: Perceptions and Reality, edited by Michael Waibel, Asha Kaushal, Kyo-Hwa Chung, and Claire Balchin, 341–352. Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Happiness Adaptation to Income beyond 'Basic Needs'

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We test for whether, once "basic needs" are satisfied, there is happiness adaptation to further gains in income using three data sets. Individual German Panel Data from 1985 to 2000, and data on the well-being of over 600,000 people in a panel of European countries... View Details
      Keywords: Wealth and Poverty; Happiness; Human Needs; Income; Adaptation; Economic Growth
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Happiness Adaptation to Income beyond 'Basic Needs'." Chap. 8 in International Differences in Well-Being, edited by Ed Diener, John Helliwell, and Daniel Kahneman, 217–247. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
      • Article

      Recent Advances in the Empirics of Organizational Economics

      By: Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
      We present a survey of recent contributions in empirical organizational economics, focusing on management practices and decentralization. Productivity dispersion between firms and countries has motivated the improved measurement of firm organization across industries... View Details
      Keywords: Economics; Management Practices and Processes; Performance Productivity; Geographic Location; Motivation and Incentives; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Competition; Human Capital; Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Multinational Firms and Management; India; Brazil; United States
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      Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Recent Advances in the Empirics of Organizational Economics." Annual Review of Economics 2 (2010): 105–137.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Revisiting the Meaning of Leadership

      By: Joel Podolny, Rakesh Khurana and Marya Hill-Popper
      During the past 50 years, organizational scholarship on leadership has shifted from a focus on the significance of leadership for meaning-making to the significance of leadership for economic performance. This shift has been problematic for two reasons. First, it has... View Details
      Keywords: Communication Intention and Meaning; Economics; Leadership; Performance Improvement; Behavior
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      Podolny, Joel, Rakesh Khurana, and Marya Hill-Popper. "Revisiting the Meaning of Leadership." Chap. 3 in Handbook of Leadership Theory and Practice, edited by Nitin Nohria and Rakesh Khurana. Harvard Business Press, 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      The Impact of Employer Matching on Savings Plan Participation under Automatic Enrollment

      By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
      Existing research has documented the large impact that automatic enrollment has on savings plan participation. All the companies examined in these studies, however, have combined automatic enrollment with an employer match. This raises a question about how effective... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Consumer Behavior; Personal Finance; Investment Funds; Microeconomics; Compensation and Benefits
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      Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "The Impact of Employer Matching on Savings Plan Participation under Automatic Enrollment." In Research Findings in the Economics of Aging, edited by David A. Wise, 311–327. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      The Paranoid Style in the Study of American Politics

      By: David Moss and Mary Oey
      What drives policy making in a democracy? The conventional view is that political actors, like economic actors, pursue their self interest, and that special interest groups dominate the policy making process by satisfying policy makers' need for money and other forms... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Government Legislation; Media; Interests; Power and Influence; Public Opinion; United States
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      Moss, David, and Mary Oey. "The Paranoid Style in the Study of American Politics." In Government and Markets: Toward a New Theory of Regulation, edited by Edward J. Balleisen and David A. Moss. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Understanding and Coping with the Increasing Risk of System-Level Accidents

      By: Dutch Leonard and Arnold M. Howitt
      The world has seen a number of recent events in which major systems came to a standstill, not from one cause alone but from the interaction of a combination of causes. System-level accidents occur when anomalies or errors in different parts of an interconnected system... View Details
      Keywords: Economics; Globalization; Risk Management; Boundaries; System Shocks
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      Leonard, Dutch, and Arnold M. Howitt. "Understanding and Coping with the Increasing Risk of System-Level Accidents." In Integrative Risk Management: Advanced Disaster Recovery, edited by Simon Woodward. Zurich, Switzerland: Swiss Re, Centre for Global Dialogue, 2010.
      • Article

      What Really Motivates Workers

      By: Teresa M. Amabile and Steve J. Kramer
      This essay appears in "The HBR List: Breakthrough Ideas for 2010," which is compiled by this journal in collaboration with the World Economic Forum. The ten problems and the innovative solutions are discussed in each essay. This particular essay describes research... View Details
      Keywords: Problems and Challenges; Innovation and Invention; Research; Performance Improvement; Managerial Roles; Motivation and Incentives; Creativity
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      Amabile, Teresa M., and Steve J. Kramer. "What Really Motivates Workers." Harvard Business Review 88, nos. 1/2 (January–February 2010): 44–45. (#1 in Breakthrough Ideas for 2010.)
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Negotiating the Path of Abraham

      By: Kimberlyn Leary, James K. Sebenius and Joshua Weiss
      In the face of daunting barriers, the Abraham Path Initiative envisions uncovering and revitalizing a route of cultural tourism that follows the path of Abraham and his family some 4,000 years ago across the Middle East. It begins in the ancient ruins of Harran, in... View Details
      Keywords: Development Economics; Social Entrepreneurship; Negotiation; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Religion; Environmental Sustainability; Tourism Industry; Middle East
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      Leary, Kimberlyn, James K. Sebenius, and Joshua Weiss. "Negotiating the Path of Abraham." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-049, December 2009.
      • Article

      The Economics of Structured Finance

      By: Joshua D. Coval, Jakub W. Jurek and Erik Stafford
      This paper investigates the spectacular rise and fall of structured finance. The essence of structured finance activities is the pooling of economic assets like loans, bonds, and mortgages, and the subsequent issuance of a prioritized capital structure of claims, known... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Crisis; Asset Management; Debt Securities; Investment; Risk Management; Behavior
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      Coval, Joshua D., Jakub W. Jurek, and Erik Stafford. "The Economics of Structured Finance." Journal of Economic Perspectives 23, no. 1 (Winter 2009): 3–25.
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Modeling a Paradigm Shift: From Producer Innovation to User and Open Collaborative Innovation

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Eric von Hippel
      In this paper we assess the economic viability of innovation by producers relative to two increasingly important alternative models: innovations by single user individuals or firms, and open collaborative innovation projects. We analyze the design costs and... View Details
      Keywords: Cost; Policy; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Independent Innovation and Invention; Intellectual Property; Rights; Welfare
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Eric von Hippel. "Modeling a Paradigm Shift: From Producer Innovation to User and Open Collaborative Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-038, November 2009.
      • November 2009 (Revised January 2011)
      • Case

      International AIDS Vaccine Initiative

      By: Allen S. Grossman and Cathy Ross
      Dedicated to accelerating the development of a safe, effective, accessible, preventive HIV vaccine, the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) pioneered ways of addressing the inadequate incentive structures that prevented progress toward vaccines for AIDS and... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Globalized Firms and Management; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Business and Government Relations; Partners and Partnerships; Research and Development; Social Enterprise; Health Industry
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      Grossman, Allen S., and Cathy Ross. "International AIDS Vaccine Initiative." Harvard Business School Case 310-015, November 2009. (Revised January 2011.)
      • October 2009 (Revised January 2014)
      • Teaching Note

      Genzyme Center (A), (B) & (C)

      By: Michael W. Toffel
      Teaching Note for [610008], [610009], and [610010]. View Details
      Keywords: Environment; Environmental And Social Sustainability; Environmental Operations; Environmental Protection; Environmental Regulation; Standard Setting; Standards; Environmental Accounting; Engineering; Governance; Energy; Economics; Operations; Projects; Social Enterprise; Infrastructure; Construction Industry; Biotechnology Industry; Real Estate Industry
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      Toffel, Michael W. "Genzyme Center (A), (B) & (C)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 610-011, October 2009. (Revised January 2014.)
      • October 2009 (Revised August 2013)
      • Case

      Carolina for Kibera

      By: Kathleen L. McGinn and Cailin B. Hammer
      A growing NGO based in Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya, is facing a complete change in leadership as the founders step back. At the same time, a $1 million grant presents new opportunities and challenges. View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Negotiation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Non-Governmental Organizations; Power and Influence; Nairobi; North Carolina
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      McGinn, Kathleen L., and Cailin B. Hammer. "Carolina for Kibera." Harvard Business School Case 910-017, October 2009. (Revised August 2013.)
      • October 2009 (Revised July 2010)
      • Case

      Roshan: Light at the end of the tunnel in Afghanistan

      By: Herman B. Leonard and Qahir Dhanani
      Roshan is a highly successful telecommunications company founded by the Aga Khan fund for economic development in Afghanistan during an ongoing civil conflict. Company leaders must now decide financial and market strategy for the next phase of development of the... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Financial Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Marketing Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; War; Telecommunications Industry; Afghanistan
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      Leonard, Herman B., and Qahir Dhanani. "Roshan: Light at the end of the tunnel in Afghanistan." Harvard Business School Case 310-041, October 2009. (Revised July 2010.)
      • September 2009 (Revised November 2010)
      • Case

      Endeavor: Creating a Global Movement for High-Impact Entrepreneurship

      By: William A. Sahlman
      This case describes a critical inflection point in the growth of an international development "mentor capitalist" nonprofit, Endeavor. As Endeavor aims to scale its high-impact entrepreneurship model globally, founder Linda Rottenberg must determine what success looks... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Social Entrepreneurship; Global Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Nonprofit Organizations; Jordan
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      Sahlman, William A. "Endeavor: Creating a Global Movement for High-Impact Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Case 810-049, September 2009. (Revised November 2010.)
      • September 2009 (Revised September 2010)
      • Case

      Genzyme Center (A)

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Aldo Sesia
      Genzyme Corporation is in the midst of planning its new corporate headquarters, which incorporates many innovative green building features. After learning that the building as planned would likely earn a LEED Silver rating, an intermediate score in the LEED green... View Details
      Keywords: Green Building; LEED Rating System; Economic And Environmental Performance; Program Evaluation And Assessment; Tradeoffs Between Process- And Performance Standards; Buildings and Facilities; Business Headquarters; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Performance Improvement; Environmental Sustainability; Pollutants; Green Technology Industry
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Aldo Sesia. "Genzyme Center (A)." Harvard Business School Case 610-008, September 2009. (Revised September 2010.)
      • September – October 2009
      • Article

      U.S. Energy Policy: Overcoming Barriers to Acting

      By: Max Bazerman
      Energy policy is on everyone's mind these days. The U.S. presidential campaign focused on energy independence and exploration (drill, baby, drill), climate change, alternative fuels, even nuclear energy. But there is a serious problem endemic to America's energy... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Climate Change; Energy Sources; Government and Politics; Cognition and Thinking; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Problems and Challenges; Non-Renewable Energy; Economics; Natural Environment; Energy Industry; United States
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      Bazerman, Max. "U.S. Energy Policy: Overcoming Barriers to Acting." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development (September–October 2009). (This is a adaptation of a paper that originally appeared as "Barriers to Acting in Time on Energy, and Strategies for Overcoming Them" in K. Gallagher (Ed.), Acting in Time on Energy Policy. Washington, DC: Brookings, 2009.)
      • 2009
      • Chapter

      Creating Superior Customer Value in a Connected World

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      "In the early twenty-first century, customers are more demanding than ever, and difficult economic times make them all the more so. As customers tighten their wallets and increase their demands, firms face greater pressure to provide superior customer value. Reducing... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Satisfaction; Customer Value and Value Chain; Consumer Behavior; Product Design; Social and Collaborative Networks; Value Creation
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      Gulati, Ranjay. "Creating Superior Customer Value in a Connected World." In Business Network Transformation: Strategies to Reconfigure Your Business Relationships for Competitive Advantage, edited by Jeffrey Word. Jossey-Bass, 2009.
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