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Concepts
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- January 1994 (Revised May 1996)
- Background Note
Leading for Integrity: Corporate Purpose and Responsibility
By: Lynn S. Paine
Outlines several differing conceptions of corporate purpose and responsibility that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s. View Details
Keywords: Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Performance Evaluation; Corporate Strategy
Paine, Lynn S. "Leading for Integrity: Corporate Purpose and Responsibility." Harvard Business School Background Note 394-144, January 1994. (Revised May 1996.)
- January 1994 (Revised March 1995)
- Background Note
Power Dynamics in Organizations
By: Linda A. Hill
Designed to introduce the concepts of power and power dynamics to students in the MBA second-year elective course Power and Influence. Defines "power" and "influence," and explores the role of power dynamics in managerial work and in the life of organizations. Combats... View Details
Hill, Linda A. "Power Dynamics in Organizations." Harvard Business School Background Note 494-083, January 1994. (Revised March 1995.)
- December 1993 (Revised June 2000)
- Case
Kochman, Reidt + Haigh, Inc.
By: Richard S. Ruback and Roy Burstin
A small company faces the dilemma of how to finance growth (i.e., internally generated cash flows vs. outside financing sources). An innovative concept positions the company in promoting a niche within the kitchen-cabinet industry and in looking for an optimal way of... View Details
Keywords: Cash Flow; Business Growth and Maturation; Entrepreneurship; Corporate Finance; Growth and Development Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; Utilities Industry
Ruback, Richard S., and Roy Burstin. "Kochman, Reidt + Haigh, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 294-056, December 1993. (Revised June 2000.)
- December 1992 (Revised September 1994)
- Background Note
Note on Organizational Effectiveness
By: Michael Beer
Discusses what is meant by organizational effectiveness. First, the concept of organizations as social systems is introduced. Second, a model of organization effectiveness is introduced and discussed. View Details
Beer, Michael. "Note on Organizational Effectiveness." Harvard Business School Background Note 493-044, December 1992. (Revised September 1994.)
- October 1992 (Revised February 1995)
- Background Note
Note on the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations
By: Lynn S. Paine
Describes the federal guidelines used by judges for sentencing organizations convicted of criminal wrong-doing under U.S. law as of November 1, 1991. Describes the guidelines' approach to calculating criminal fines for organizations, determining an organization's... View Details
Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Governance Compliance; Law Enforcement; Laws and Statutes; Organizations; Legal Services Industry; United States
Paine, Lynn S. "Note on the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations." Harvard Business School Background Note 393-060, October 1992. (Revised February 1995.)
- September 1992
- Background Note
Note on the Financial Perspective: What Should Entrepreneurs Know?
Identifies concepts and tools of finance that are useful to general managers and critical to entrepreneurs: cash, risk, and value. View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Cash; Financial Strategy; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Managerial Roles; Risk Management; Value
Sahlman, William A. "Note on the Financial Perspective: What Should Entrepreneurs Know?" Harvard Business School Background Note 293-045, September 1992.
- August 1992 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Euro Disney: The First 100 Days
By: Gary W. Loveman and Leonard A. Schlesinger
The Walt Disney Co. theme parks historically have thrived on the basis of a formula stressing excellent customer service and a magnificent physical environment. The formula has proven successful in Japan, as well as the United States. With the controversial opening of... View Details
Keywords: Multinational Firms and Management; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Corporate Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Service Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Japan; France; United States
Loveman, Gary W., and Leonard A. Schlesinger. "Euro Disney: The First 100 Days." Harvard Business School Case 693-013, August 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
- February 1992 (Revised April 1995)
- Case
Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property
By: Lynn S. Paine and Michael Santoro
Top officials at Pfizer are assessing their strategy for improving protection of Pfizer's patents around the world. The outcome of the Uruguay Round of the GATT negotiations is uncertain, and it is not clear whether an acceptable intellectual property protection... View Details
Keywords: Patents; Trade; Policy; Government and Politics; Business Strategy; Agreements and Arrangements; Alliances; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; Japan; Europe
Paine, Lynn S., and Michael Santoro. "Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Case 392-073, February 1992. (Revised April 1995.)
- December 1991 (Revised October 1998)
- Case
Eli Lilly and Co.: Manufacturing Process Technology Strategy--1991
By: Gary P. Pisano, Steven C. Wheelwright and Jonathan West
Outlines the evolution of Lilly's corporate manufacturing strategy over the past decade. The corporate vice president of manufacturing must decide on the next phase of Lilly's strategy for the early 1990s, as well as to what extent and what role process development... View Details
Keywords: Cost vs Benefits; Management Practices and Processes; Industry Structures; Product Development; Production; Research and Development; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Manufacturing Industry
Pisano, Gary P., Steven C. Wheelwright, and Jonathan West. "Eli Lilly and Co.: Manufacturing Process Technology Strategy--1991." Harvard Business School Case 692-056, December 1991. (Revised October 1998.)
- October 1991 (Revised April 1992)
- Case
Honda Today
By: Marco Iansiti
Describes a situation in which the manager in charge of a major development project at Honda needs to make a decision about the technical specification of the product. The decision has profound implications for the product concept and strategy, as well as for the... View Details
Keywords: Decisions; Product Design; Organizational Design; Performance Consistency; Projects; Auto Industry
Iansiti, Marco. "Honda Today." Harvard Business School Case 692-044, October 1991. (Revised April 1992.)
- 1991
- Book
Internationale Wettbewerbsvorteile: Ein Strategisches Konzept fur die Schweiz (International Competitive Advantage: A New Strategic Concept for Switzerland)
By: M. E. Porter, S. Borner, R. Weder and M. J. Enright
Porter, M. E., S. Borner, R. Weder, and M. J. Enright. Internationale Wettbewerbsvorteile: Ein Strategisches Konzept fur die Schweiz (International Competitive Advantage: A New Strategic Concept for Switzerland). Frankfurt/New York: Campus Verlag, 1991.
- fall 1991
- Article
A Rubber Mallet and a Two-by-four: The Concept of a Development Strategy
Wheelwright, S. C. "A Rubber Mallet and a Two-by-four: The Concept of a Development Strategy." Target 7, no. 4 (fall 1991): 4–16.
- July 1991
- Case
Pioneer Petroleum Corp.
Pioneer is an integrated oil company. Its operations include exploration and development, production, transportation, and marketing. The case focuses on Pioneer's cost of capital calculations and its choice between a single company-wide cost of capital or divisional... View Details
Ruback, Richard S. "Pioneer Petroleum Corp." Harvard Business School Case 292-011, July 1991.
- May 1991 (Revised May 1991)
- Background Note
Focusing the Concept of Social Marketing
Examines those social marketing situations that pose challenges for adoption of conventional marketing principles. In addition to discussing how they differ the note explores underlying reasons and suggests alternate ways of conceptualizing such problems. View Details
Keywords: Social Marketing
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Focusing the Concept of Social Marketing." Harvard Business School Background Note 591-047, May 1991. (Revised May 1991.)
- March 1991 (Revised May 1991)
- Case
TBIRD: The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development
During the period of 1987 to 1990, while Thailand had one of the fastest growing economies in the world (average growth rate of 12%), the income disparity between its rural and urban population (especially Bangkok City) was growing increasingly worse. Mechai... View Details
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "TBIRD: The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development." Harvard Business School Case 591-099, March 1991. (Revised May 1991.)
- February 1991 (Revised April 1994)
- Background Note
Value of Information
By: David E. Bell
Gives some simple examples to illustrate the concept of the value of information in decision making. Both perfect and imperfect information are considered. View Details
Bell, David E. "Value of Information." Harvard Business School Background Note 191-138, February 1991. (Revised April 1994.)
- November 1990 (Revised August 1996)
- Background Note
Sampling and Statistical Inference
An introduction to sampling and statistical inference that covers the main concepts (confidence intervals, tests of statistical significance, choice of sample size) that are needed in making inferences about a population mean or percent. Includes discussion of problems... View Details
Schleifer, Arthur, Jr. "Sampling and Statistical Inference." Harvard Business School Background Note 191-092, November 1990. (Revised August 1996.)
- February 1990 (Revised April 1991)
- Background Note
Quick Response in the Apparel Industry
It has been estimated that the U.S. apparel industry wastes over $25 billion annually due to inefficient practices, long lead times, and insufficient coordination between channel partners. In response to intense competition from off-shore producers, the industry has... View Details
Keywords: Information; Distribution Channels; Performance Efficiency; Partners and Partnerships; Adaptation; Business Strategy; System; Technology; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States
Hammond, Janice H. "Quick Response in the Apparel Industry." Harvard Business School Background Note 690-038, February 1990. (Revised April 1991.)
- November 1989 (Revised March 1992)
- Background Note
Concept Testing
By: Robert J. Dolan
Describes concept testing products. Presents guidelines for effective design, execution, and interpretation of test procedures. Discusses limitations of these techniques and sets out the situations for which they are appropriate. View Details
Dolan, Robert J. "Concept Testing." Harvard Business School Background Note 590-063, November 1989. (Revised March 1992.)
- October 1989
- Background Note
Managing Major Accounts
Written as an introduction to a module in the second-year MBA course, Marketing Implementation. Discusses issues encountered in the selling and management of major accounts. The topics covered include: 1) reasons for the increasing importance of major account... View Details
Keywords: Accounting Audits; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Consumer Behavior; Market Participation; Relationships; Salesforce Management
Cespedes, Frank V. "Managing Major Accounts." Harvard Business School Background Note 590-046, October 1989.