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- All HBS Web (8,588)
- Faculty Publications (7,324)
- 2001
- Book
Foreign Multinationals in the United States: Management and Performance
By: Geoffrey Jones and Lina Galvez-Munoz
In this volume, leading scholars in international business and business history examine the investments and performance of British, Canadian, French, German, Spanish and Japanese firms in the United States over time. They explore why so many foreign firms experience... View Details
Keywords: Investment; Multinational Firms and Management; Books; Management; Performance; Perspective; United States
Jones, Geoffrey, and Lina Galvez-Munoz, eds. Foreign Multinationals in the United States: Management and Performance. London: Routledge, 2001.
- July 2008
- Article
Crime and Punishment in the 'American Dream'
By: Rafael Di Tella and Juan Dubra
We observe that countries where belief in the "American dream" (i.e., effort pays) prevails also set harsher punishment for criminals. We know that beliefs are also correlated with several features of the economic system (taxation, social insurance, etc). Our objective... View Details
Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Economic Systems; Values and Beliefs; Law Enforcement; Mathematical Methods; Personal Characteristics; United States
Di Tella, Rafael, and Juan Dubra. "Crime and Punishment in the 'American Dream'." Journal of Public Economics 92, no. 7 (July 2008).
- January 2005 (Revised February 2005)
- Case
Ray Rogers and the Corporate Campaign (A)
By: James K. Sebenius and Michael A. Wheeler
Sets the stage for analyzing the strategy of labor organizer Ray Rogers in bringing J.P. Stevens to the bargaining table when conventional union tactics failed. Though set in the specific context of labor-management relations, it illustrates much more fundamental... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Negotiation Preparation; Negotiation Tactics; Labor Unions; Labor and Management Relations; Manufacturing Industry; United States
Sebenius, James K., and Michael A. Wheeler. "Ray Rogers and the Corporate Campaign (A)." Harvard Business School Case 905-054, January 2005. (Revised February 2005.)
- December 2004 (Revised October 2005)
- Case
Innovation Corrupted: The Rise and Fall of Enron (B)
Presents a brief historical overview of Enron's rise, its strategic successes and failures, the evolution of its business model, and the organizational processes relied upon by Enron's management to drive and monitor the business. A rewritten version of an earlier... View Details
Keywords: Transition; Risk Management; Management Practices and Processes; Success; Business Model; Strategy; Business History; Governance Controls; Innovation and Management; Failure; Business Processes; Energy Industry; United States
Salter, Malcolm S. "Innovation Corrupted: The Rise and Fall of Enron (B)." Harvard Business School Case 905-049, December 2004. (Revised October 2005.)
- November 2004
- Case
IBM's Diversity Strategy: Bridging the Workplace and the Marketplace
By: David A. Thomas and Ayesha Kanji
Explores how IBM incorporated diversity into its business strategy, making the case that workforce diversity is critical to marketing its products and services to its customers. In the early 1990s, Ted Childs, vice-president of Workforce Diversity, proposed to CEO Lou... View Details
Keywords: Information Technology; Diversification; Business Strategy; Integration; Global Strategy; Organizations; Markets; Information Technology Industry; United States
Thomas, David A., and Ayesha Kanji. "IBM's Diversity Strategy: Bridging the Workplace and the Marketplace." Harvard Business School Case 405-044, November 2004.
- November 2004 (Revised September 2019)
- Background Note
The U.S. Health Club Industry in 2004
By: John R. Wells, Gabriel Ellsworth and Benjamin Weinstock
In 2004, the $16.8 billion U.S. health club industry continued its strong record of growth. There were almost 27,000 health clubs in the United States, up from 6,700 two decades earlier, and these clubs claimed 41 million members, over 14% of the U.S. population.... View Details
Keywords: Health Clubs; Fitness; Gyms; Chain; Weight Loss; Obesity; Exercise; Personal Training; Bally Total Fitness; 24 Hour Fitness; YMCA; Gold's Gym; Curves; Franchise; Franchising; Subscription; Promotional Sales; Promotions; Fixed Costs; Body; Accrual Accounting; Revenue Recognition; Buildings and Facilities; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; For-Profit Firms; Trends; Customers; Demographics; Age; Income; Private Equity; Financing and Loans; Profit; Revenue; Geographic Scope; Multinational Firms and Management; Health; Nutrition; Business History; Employees; Retention; Human Capital; Working Conditions; Contracts; Business or Company Management; Goals and Objectives; Growth and Development Strategy; Markets; Demand and Consumers; Supply and Industry; Industry Growth; Industry Structures; Operations; Service Operations; Franchise Ownership; Private Ownership; Public Ownership; Problems and Challenges; Sales; Salesforce Management; Situation or Environment; Opportunities; Nonprofit Organizations; Welfare; Sports; Strategy; Business Strategy; Competition; Competitive Strategy; Consolidation; Corporate Strategy; Customization and Personalization; Expansion; Segmentation; Hardware; Health Industry; United States
Wells, John R., Gabriel Ellsworth, and Benjamin Weinstock. "The U.S. Health Club Industry in 2004." Harvard Business School Background Note 705-445, November 2004. (Revised September 2019.)
- 2008
- Chapter
Life-Cycle Funds
By: Luis M. Viceira
The U.S. retirement system has experienced a substantial transformation in recent years. It has evolved from a system in which employees relied mainly on Social Security and professionally managed defined benefit (DB) pension plans sponsored by their employers to... View Details
Viceira, Luis M. "Life-Cycle Funds." Chap. 5 in Overcoming the Saving Slump: How to Increase the Effectiveness of Financial Education and Saving Programs, edited by Annamaria Lusardi. University of Chicago Press, 2008.
- September 2008
- Article
Does Innovation Cause Stock Market Runups? Evidence from the Great Crash
By: Tom Nicholas
This article examines the stock market's changing valuation of corporate patentable assets between 1910 and 1939. It shows that the value of knowledge capital increased significantly during the 1920s compared to the 1910s as investors responded to the quality of... View Details
Keywords: History; Technological Innovation; Patents; Stocks; Valuation; Financial Crisis; Financial Services Industry; United States
Nicholas, Tom. "Does Innovation Cause Stock Market Runups? Evidence from the Great Crash." American Economic Review 98, no. 4 (September 2008): 1370–1396.
- March 2004 (Revised May 2006)
- Background Note
Corporate Reform in the United States
By: Lynn S. Paine and Kim Bettcher
The spate of corporate misdeeds revealed to the American public in 2001 to 2002 prompted corrective action in many quarters of the U.S. economy. The note summarizes some of the steps taken by lawmakers, regulators, law-enforcement officials, companies, investors,... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Capital Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Trust; United States
Paine, Lynn S., and Kim Bettcher. "Corporate Reform in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 304-091, March 2004. (Revised May 2006.)
- January 2004
- Background Note
Cross-Border Listings and Depositary Receipts
By: Mihir A. Desai, Maria Raga-Frances, Ami Dave, Mark Veblen and Kathleen Luchs
This case describes the varied instruments that have evolved to facilitate investments in foreign corporations, emphasizing American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and cross-border listings. It describes the different types of ADRs and the regulatory requirements foreign... View Details
Keywords: Financial Markets; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Business History; Research; Motivation and Incentives; United States
Desai, Mihir A., Maria Raga-Frances, Ami Dave, Mark Veblen, and Kathleen Luchs. "Cross-Border Listings and Depositary Receipts." Harvard Business School Background Note 204-022, January 2004.
- February 2004
- Supplement
The American System
By: David A. Moss, Sarah A. Brennan and Tiffany Morris
Keywords: United States
- January 2004 (Revised August 2004)
- Supplement
Innovation at the Treasury: Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities (B)
By: Kenneth A. Froot, Peter A. Hecht and Christopher Edward James Payton
In 1997, the U.S. Treasury was deciding whether to proceed with a proposal to issue inflation-indexed bonds. This case explores the challenges facing innovation in the financial markets as the Treasury tries to determine whether to introduce Treasury... View Details
Keywords: Inflation; Innovation; Federal Government; Securities; Financial Instruments; Inflation and Deflation; Financial Markets; Government and Politics; Financial Institutions; Innovation and Invention; United States
Froot, Kenneth A., Peter A. Hecht, and Christopher Edward James Payton. "Innovation at the Treasury: Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 204-113, January 2004. (Revised August 2004.)
- January 2004 (Revised June 2004)
- Case
Innovation at the Treasury: Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities (A)
By: Kenneth A. Froot, Peter A. Hecht and Christopher Edward James Payton
In 1997, the U.S. Treasury was deciding whether to proceed with a proposal to issue inflation-indexed bonds. This case explores the challenges facing innovation in the financial markets as the Treasury tries to determine whether to introduce Treasury... View Details
Keywords: Inflation; Innovation; Federal Government; Securities; Debt Securities; Risk Management; Bonds; Investment Portfolio; Capital Markets; Inflation and Deflation; Government and Politics; Innovation and Invention; United States
Froot, Kenneth A., Peter A. Hecht, and Christopher Edward James Payton. "Innovation at the Treasury: Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities (A)." Harvard Business School Case 204-112, January 2004. (Revised June 2004.)
- December 2003 (Revised June 2012)
- Case
Irving Tanning
By: Paul W. Marshall and Johanna Regine Naunton Blaxall
Irving Tanning, one of the few remaining U.S. leather tanneries, has successfully emerged from bankruptcy. The CEO is now looking at strategic options for the future of Irving. View Details
Marshall, Paul W., and Johanna Regine Naunton Blaxall. "Irving Tanning." Harvard Business School Case 804-082, December 2003. (Revised June 2012.)
- 2005
- Article
The Rise in Firm-Level Volatility: Causes and Consequences
By: Diego Comin and Thomas Philippon
We document that the recent decline in aggregate volatility has been accompanied by a large increase in firm level risk. The negative relationship between firm and aggregate risk seems to be present across industries in the US, and across OECD countries. Firm... View Details
Keywords: Volatility; Risk Management; Relationships; Research and Development; Financing and Loans; Industry Growth; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Economy; Outcome or Result; United States
Comin, Diego, and Thomas Philippon. "The Rise in Firm-Level Volatility: Causes and Consequences." NBER Macroeconomics Annual 20 (2005). (Read an article about this paper in The Washington Post, Newsweek and The Charlotte Observer.)
- Article
R&D: A Small Contribution to Productivity Growth
By: Diego Comin
In this paper I evaluate the contribution of R&D investments to productivity growth. The basis for the analysis are the free entry condition and the fact that most R&D innovations are embodied. Free entry yields a relationship between the resources devoted to R&D and... View Details
Keywords: Research and Development; Investment; Interest Rates; Performance Productivity; Technological Innovation; Perspective; United States
Comin, Diego. "R&D: A Small Contribution to Productivity Growth." Journal of Economic Growth 9, no. 4 (December 2004). (This paper was featured in BusinessWeek and Il Corriere Della Sera.)
- November 2003 (Revised March 2004)
- Case
General Motors Corporation: Retiree Benefit Risk Management (A)
By: David F. Hawkins and Jacob Cohen
General Motors issues $17 billion and uses $10 billion to reduce an unfunded pension obligation. View Details
Hawkins, David F., and Jacob Cohen. "General Motors Corporation: Retiree Benefit Risk Management (A)." Harvard Business School Case 104-041, November 2003. (Revised March 2004.)
- November 2003 (Revised January 2004)
- Case
XS, Inc.
By: Ray A. Goldberg and Joan McRobbie
XS, Inc. created a seller and buyer Internet for the $200 billion farm supply industry. How can this start-up remain the nonpartisan hub of this network, and how will it aid in the traceability of the U.S. food system? View Details
Goldberg, Ray A., and Joan McRobbie. "XS, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 904-417, November 2003. (Revised January 2004.)
- May 2007
- Article
Location Strategies and Knowledge Spillovers
By: Juan Alcacer and Wilbur Chung
Given the importance of proximity for knowledge spillovers, we examine firms' location choices expecting differences in firms' strategies. Firms will locate to maximize their net spillovers as a function of locations' knowledge activity, their own capabilities, and... View Details
Keywords: Business Strategy; Corporate Strategy; For-Profit Firms; Knowledge Management; Research and Development; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Disruptive Innovation; Five Forces Framework; Cost Management; Technology; Competition; United States
Alcacer, Juan, and Wilbur Chung. "Location Strategies and Knowledge Spillovers." Management Science 53, no. 5 (May 2007): 760–776.
- July 2003 (Revised April 2005)
- Case
Branding Citigroup's Consumer Business
By: Rohit Deshpande and Carin-Isabel Knoop
In Spring 1998, Citicorp and Travelers merged to create a financial powerhouse that united the bank with Travelers' consumer finance and brokerage businesses, including Salomon Smith Barney and Primerica. It was the first U.S. financial services company to combine... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Relationship Management; Decisions; Asset Management; Investment Banking; Management Teams; Brands and Branding; Relationships; Business and Shareholder Relations; Banking Industry; United States
Deshpande, Rohit, and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Branding Citigroup's Consumer Business." Harvard Business School Case 504-023, July 2003. (Revised April 2005.)