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Economy
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- Article
Physical and Situational Inequality on Airplanes Predict Air Rage
By: K. A. DeCelles and Michael I. Norton
We posit that the modern airplane is a social microcosm of class-based society, and that the increasing incidence of “air rage” can be understood through the lens of inequality. Research on inequality typically examines the effects of relatively fixed, macrostructural... View Details
- May 2016 (Revised August 2022)
- Case
RegionFly: Cutting Costs in the Airline Industry
By: Susanna Gallani and Eva Labro
RegionFly is a small, private airline specializing in ultra-premium services. Founded shortly after the "Golden Age of airline travel," RegionFly's financial performance had been strong for several decades. More recently, however, the results have taken a downward... View Details
- April 2016 (Revised July 2016)
- Case
Managing the European Refugee Crisis
By: Gunnar J. Trumbull, Elena Corsi and Daniela Beyersdorfer
In 2016, Europe struggles to cope with one of the largest refugee flows it has ever witnessed. View Details
- April 2016 (Revised May 2016)
- Case
Hôpital Universitaire de Mirebalais, Partners In Health in Haiti
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Bipin Mistry and Karla Bertrand
The case describes the application of Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) at a new tertiary hospital, operated by Partners in Health in Mirebelais, Haiti. A project team mapped the clinical processes for use in estimating the direct costs of personnel,... View Details
- 2016
- Case
Advanced Leadership Pathways: Mahendra Bapna and Technology Education in India
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Pamela Yatsko
Keywords: India; Education; Higher Education; Leadership; Leadership Skills; Technology Education; Tata Motors; Outcome-based Technology Education; OBTE; Indian Institute Of Technology; IIT; Engineering College; Global Management Consulting; University-21; Federation Of Indian Chambers Of Commerce And Industry; FICCI; Indian Economy; Information Technology; Tertiary Education System; University; University Level; Colleges; Institutes Of Technology; Academia; Academia-industry; Technical Institutes; Indian Institute Of Technology Jodhpur; IITJ; IIT Rajasthan; Infrastructure Development; Senior Student Syndrome; Industry Immersion Program; Technology; India
- Spring 2016
- Article
Performance Responses to Competition Across Skill-Levels in Rank Order Tournaments: Field Evidence and Implications for Tournament Design
By: Kevin J. Boudreau, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael E. Menietti
Tournaments are widely used in the economy to organize production and innovation. We study individual contestant-level data from 2,796 contestants in 774 software algorithm design contests with random assignment. Precisely conforming to theory predictions, the... View Details
- March 2016 (Revised September 2021)
- Case
South Africa: A Fractured Rainbow?
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason
Twenty years after the end of Apartheid, South Africa's democracy persists, albeit with problems. A tripartite coalition — the African National Congress, the labor unions, and the Communist Party — still controls the political system but with diminishing economic... View Details
- March 2016 (Revised February 2017)
- Case
Hello Alfred: Come Home Happy
By: Joseph B. Fuller and Carin-Isabel Knoop
On a mission to "automate the on-demand economy," Harvard Business School classmates Marcela Sapone and Jessica Beck launched Hello Alfred in 2013 to provide subscribers with an "Alfred" to complete various chores for a monthly fee. In early 2016, the company has built... View Details
- March 2016
- Case
M-Pesa: Financial Inclusion in Kenya
By: Rajiv Lal, Lisa Cox and Sarah McAra
M-Pesa, a mobile money transfer service launched in 2007 in Kenya by telecommunications company Safaricom, allowed people to send money via mobile messaging to contacts, such as friends and family, or even to pay for goods and services, such as groceries or a taxi... View Details
- March 2016
- Module Note
Government Policy and Distributive Justice
This note introduces the second of two main modules in the HBS elective curriculum course, The Role of Government in Market Economies (RoGME). This module is focused on policies, such as taxes, that change the distribution of economic outcomes. Like the... View Details
- March 2016
- Teaching Note
MasterCard: Driving Financial Inclusion
By: Sunil Gupta
Since joining MasterCard (MC) in 2010, CEO Ajay Banga had made advancing financial inclusion (FI)—bringing formal financial services to marginalized populations—an important goal for the company. In 2014, MC had entered a number of partnerships with governments and... View Details
- 2016
- Teaching Note
Advanced Leadership Pathways: Richard Fahey and Robert Saudek—Lighting Liberia
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter, Tessa Natanay Hamilton and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone
Teaching Note for Case 313-032. After successful careers as lawyers and Fellows in Harvard's Advanced Leadership Initiative, Richard Fahey and Robert Saudek set out to tackle a large-scale infrastructure challenge in a complex environment by ultimately using advanced... View Details
Keywords: Solar; Solar Power; Electricity; Clean Technology; Scaling-up; Economic Development; Partnerships; Sustainability; Innovation; Leadership Skills; Renewable Energy; Energy; Infrastructure; Information Technology; Economy; Partners and Partnerships; Distribution; Innovation Leadership; Leadership; Social Entrepreneurship; Change Management; Energy Industry; Africa; Liberia
- 2016
- Book
Revolutionizing Innovation: Users, Communities, and Open Innovation
By: Dietmar Harhoff and Karim R. Lakhani
The last two decades have witnessed an extraordinary growth of new models of managing and organizing the innovation process, which emphasize users over producers. Large parts of the knowledge economy now routinely rely on users, communities, and open innovation... View Details
- February 2016 (Revised May 2016)
- Case
Astroscale, Space Debris, and Earth's Orbital Commons
By: Matthew Weinzierl, Angela Acocella and Mayuka Yamazaki
An engineer and technology entrepreneur, Nobu Okada, had turned a mid-life crisis into a bold—some would say quixotic—quest to prevent a tragedy of the commons at the global scale. Namely, Okada believed the accumulation of debris in near-Earth orbital space posed a... View Details
- February 2016
- Case
BancoSol and Microfinance in Bolivia
By: Rajiv Lal and Annelena Lobb
BancoSol, a microfinance bank headquartered in La Paz, Bolivia, was forced to adjust its lending strategy and business model because of a regulatory change—60% of the bank's lending portfolio would have to move to the productive sector of the Bolivian economy by 2018,... View Details
- February 2016 (Revised February 2017)
- Case
Greening Walmart: Progress and Controversy
By: Rebecca Henderson and James Weber
In 2005, Walmart, the world’s largest retailer, launched a sustainability initiative aimed at reducing waste and making the company more environmentally and socially conscious. By 2015, the company had made progress on multiple dimensions: energy efficiency in its... View Details
- February 2016 (Revised August 2017)
- Case
Battle Over a Bank: Defining the Limits of Federal Power Under a New Constitution
By: David Moss and Marc Campasano
In late February, 1791, Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton submitted a report to President Washington defending his recent proposal for a national bank, which he hoped would bolster the American economy and assist the federal government in managing its finances.... View Details
- February 2016 (Revised September 2017)
- Case
Mohamed Azab and Seha Capital
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Sarah McAra
In January 2011, Mohamed Azab, founder and CEO of health care investment firm Seha Capital, made his first health care investment in Hassab Labs, a diagnostic lab in Alexandria, Egypt. Weeks later, a revolution erupted across the country as the Arab Spring swept... View Details
- February 2016
- Article
Positive and Normative Judgments Implicit in U.S. Tax Policy, and the Costs of Unequal Growth and Recessions
By: Benjamin B. Lockwood and Matthew Weinzierl
Calculating the welfare implications of changes to economic policy or shocks to the economy requires economists to decide on a normative criterion. One way to make that decision is to elicit the relevant moral criteria from real-world policy choices, converting a... View Details
- January 2016 (Revised October 2016)
- Case
Saudi Aramco and Corporate Venture Capital
By: Joseph B. Fuller, Matthew Rhodes-Kropf and Nathaniel Burbank
Saudi Aramco launched an internal venture capital arm in 2011, which promptly became the world's largest investor in energy related startups. In choosing to proceed, the company's New Business Development unit (NPD) wrestled with a number of challenges. How should the... View Details