Publications

Educators

2023
Article

M4: A Unified XAI Benchmark for Faithfulness Evaluation of Feature Attribution Methods across Metrics, Modalities, and Models

By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Xuhong Li, Mengnan Du, Jiamin Chen, Yekun Chai and Haoyi Xiong

While Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques have been widely studied to explain predictions made by deep neural networks, the way to evaluate the faithfulness of explanation results remains challenging, due to the heterogeneity of explanations for... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning

2023
Working Paper

Auditing Predictive Models for Intersectional Biases

By: Kate S. Boxer, Edward McFowland III and Daniel B. Neill

Predictive models that satisfy group fairness criteria in aggregate for members of a protected class, but do not guarantee subgroup fairness, could produce biased predictions for individuals at the intersection of two or more protected classes. To address this risk, we... View Details

Keywords: Predictive Models; Bias; AI and Machine Learning

March 2017
Supplement

Donna Dubinsky, Numenta and Artificial Intelligence

By: David B. Yoffie

Donna Dubinsky, CEO of Numenta, discusses her views of the future of artificial intelligence and the strategic challenges of building a new platform. View Details

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Strategy; Technological Change; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Industry

08 Feb 2016
Research & Ideas

The Civic Benefits of Google Street View and Yelp

Naik’s images with household income levels for some 2,400 blocks, provided by the city online. “The incomes act as labels for the images, and then the machine learns the association between how the features... View Details

Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Consumer Products

June 2025
Case

Transforming a Titan (A)

By: George Serafeim and Lena Duchene

Dimitri Papalexopoulos, fourth-generation CEO of TITAN Cement, must decide whether to keep leading the 120-year-old, family-controlled firm or hand the reins to new management. Over 26 years he has turned TITAN from a domestic player into an internationally diversified... View Details

Educators

May 2021
Supplement

Distinct Software Dataset

By: Das Narayandas

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Marketing; AI and Machine Learning

April 2023
Article

On the Privacy Risks of Algorithmic Recourse

By: Martin Pawelczyk, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Seth Neel

As predictive models are increasingly being employed to make consequential decisions, there is a growing emphasis on developing techniques that can provide algorithmic recourse to affected individuals. While such recourses can be immensely beneficial to affected... View Details

Keywords: Recourse; Privacy Threats; AI and Machine Learning; Information

July 2024
Article

AI, ROI, and Sales Productivity

By: Frank V. Cespedes

Artificial intelligence (AI) is now a loose term for many different things and at the peak of its hype curve. So managers hitch-their-pitch to the term in arguing for resources. But like any technology, its business value depends upon actionable use cases embraced by... View Details

Keywords: ROI; AI and Machine Learning; Sales; Investment Return

March 16, 2021
Article

From Driverless Dilemmas to More Practical Commonsense Tests for Automated Vehicles

By: Julian De Freitas, Andrea Censi, Bryant Walker Smith, Luigi Di Lillo, Sam E. Anthony and Emilio Frazzoli

For the first time in history, automated vehicles (AVs) are being deployed in populated environments. This unprecedented transformation of our everyday lives demands a significant undertaking: endowing complex autonomous systems with ethically acceptable behavior. We... View Details

Keywords: Automated Driving; Public Health; Artificial Intelligence; Transportation; Health; Ethics; Policy; AI and Machine Learning

Find at Harvard

2025
Working Paper

Warnings and Endorsements: Improving Human-AI Collaboration in the Presence of Outliers

By: Matthew DosSantos DiSorbo, Kris Ferreira, Maya Balakrishnan and Jordan Tong

Problem definition: While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms may perform well on data that are representative of the training set (inliers), they may err when extrapolating on non-representative data (outliers). How can humans and algorithms work together to make... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Decision Choices and Conditions

2023
Article

Exploiting Discovered Regression Discontinuities to Debias Conditioned-on-observable Estimators

By: Benjamin Jakubowski, Siram Somanchi, Edward McFowland III and Daniel B. Neill

Regression discontinuity (RD) designs are widely used to estimate causal effects in the absence of a randomized experiment. However, standard approaches to RD analysis face two significant limitations. First, they require a priori knowledge of discontinuities in... View Details

Keywords: Regression Discontinuity Design; Analytics and Data Science; AI and Machine Learning

May 2022
Supplement

Borusan CAT: Monetizing Prediction in the Age of AI (B)

By: Navid Mojir and Gamze Yucaoglu

Borusan Cat is an international distributor of Caterpillar heavy machines. In 2021, it had been three years since Ozgur Gunaydin (CEO) and Esra Durgun (Director of Strategy, Digitization, and Innovation) started working on Muneccim, the company’s predictive AI tool.... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Commercialization; Technology Adoption; Industrial Products Industry; Turkey; Middle East

08 Sep 2011
What Do You Think?

What’s Apple’s Biggest Challenge: Replacing Steve or Wall Street?

Schultz. Wall Street demanded increasing growth, internationalization, better productivity, and new products. And Schultz's successors responded by opening up to five new stores per day; extending business to many new foreign markets; introducing a faster, higher... View Details

Keywords: by James Heskett; Computer

05 Nov 2024
Book

Building the Road to 'Small Business Utopia' with AI and Fintech

assistant who knew all about the business, including the goals and preferences of the owner. What if this bot could respond to requests in plain English to perform daily tasks and improve sales and marketing. Marshaling the predictive power of artificial intelligence... View Details

Keywords: by Karen G. Mills; Financial Services

19 Nov 2001
Research & Ideas

Alfred Chandler on the Electronic Century

technologies developed by the Sony Corporation. In this same astonishingly brief period, Japan's computer makers had become Europe's dominant suppliers of large computer systems and had captured the U.S. market in memory chips. International Business View Details

Keywords: by Alfred D. Chandler, Takashi Hikino & Andrew Von Nordenflycht; Computer; Consumer Products; Electronics; Manufacturing; Technology

September 23, 2024
Article

AI Wants to Make You Less Lonely. Does It Work?

By: Julian De Freitas

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Well-being

Find at Harvard

2023
Working Paper

Distributionally Robust Causal Inference with Observational Data

By: Dimitris Bertsimas, Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li

We consider the estimation of average treatment effects in observational studies and propose a new framework of robust causal inference with unobserved confounders. Our approach is based on distributionally robust optimization and proceeds in two steps. We first... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Mathematical Methods

January–February 2025
Article

Why People Resist Embracing AI

By: Julian De Freitas

The success of AI depends not only on its capabilities, which are becoming more advanced each day, but on people’s willingness to harness them. Unfortunately, many people view AI negatively, fearing it will cause job losses, increase the likelihood that their personal... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Perception

Find at Harvard

December 18, 2024
Article

Is AI the Right Tool to Solve That Problem?

By: Paolo Cervini, Chiara Farronato, Pushmeet Kohli and Marshall W Van Alstyne

While AI has the potential to solve major problems, organizations embarking on such journeys of often encounter obstacles. They include a dearth of high-quality data; too many possible solutions; the lack of a clear, measurable objective; and difficulty in identifying... View Details

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; AI and Machine Learning; Problems and Challenges