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      • June 2020
      • Case

      Breakthroughs at Blueprint Medicines

      By: Richard G. Hamermesh, Kathy Giusti and Susie L. Ma
      Precision medicine company Blueprint Medicines was building a successful track record for bringing drug therapies to market 40% faster than average. The company had spent $40 million dollars and two years building a compound library that became its drug development... View Details
      Keywords: Precision Medicine; Cancer; Biotechnology; Drug Development; Strategy; Expansion; Science; Genetics; Information Technology; Entrepreneurship; Organizational Culture; Management; Growth and Development; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; Cambridge; Massachusetts
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      Hamermesh, Richard G., Kathy Giusti, and Susie L. Ma. "Breakthroughs at Blueprint Medicines." Harvard Business School Case 820-001, June 2020.
      • June 2020 (Revised August 2020)
      • Case

      Majid Al Futtaim Retail Geographic Expansion: Brick or Click?

      By: Juan Alcácer and Alpana Thapar
      This case illustrates the challenges that retailers face when they aggressively pursue geographical growth by expanding both their physical store network and their online presence. It features Majid Al Futtaim (MAF) Retail, a franchisee of Carrefour hypermarkets in the... View Details
      Keywords: Stores; Ecommerce; Strategy; Expansion; Geographic Location; Decision Making; Internet and the Web; Digital Transformation; E-commerce; Retail Industry; Middle East
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      Alcácer, Juan, and Alpana Thapar. "Majid Al Futtaim Retail Geographic Expansion: Brick or Click?" Harvard Business School Case 720-482, June 2020. (Revised August 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms

      By: Laura Alfaro, Oscar Becerra and Marcela Eslava
      Emerging economies are characterized by an extremely high prevalence of informality, small-firm employment and jobs not fit for working from home. These features factor into how the COVID-19 crisis has affected the economy. We develop a framework that, based on... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Emerging Economies; Informality; Firm-size Distribution; Health Pandemics; Developing Countries and Economies; Economy; System Shocks; Latin America
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      Alfaro, Laura, Oscar Becerra, and Marcela Eslava. "EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-125, June 2020. (See application of the methodology to Latin American Countries in the IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere 2020, Chapter 3. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/REO/WH/Issues/2020/10/13/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere.)
      • June 2020
      • Case

      Extended Reality Extends into Enterprise?

      By: David B. Yoffie, Kaushal Jain, Amy Villasenor, Vicky Xu and Annie Yang
      While the growth of virtual reality started in gaming, the industry was increasingly focused on enterprise applications in 2020. This note explores the market opportunities and challenges for virtual reality and augmented reality in the enterprise, while diving into a... View Details
      Keywords: Virtual Reality; Augmented Reality; Enterprise Computing; Organizations; Information Technology; Markets; Opportunities; Strategy
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      Yoffie, David B., Kaushal Jain, Amy Villasenor, Vicky Xu, and Annie Yang. "Extended Reality Extends into Enterprise?" Harvard Business School Case 720-472, June 2020.
      • May 2020 (Revised August 2022)
      • Teaching Note

      Direct to Consumer Brands

      By: Sunil Gupta
      In recent years, we have seen a dramatic rise of direct-to-consumer (DTC) brands. Many of these brands, such as Dollar Shave Club, Harry’s, Glossier, and Allbirds, entered mature markets dominated by established companies, and yet they grew rapidly to attain valuations... View Details
      Keywords: Direct-to-consumer; Digital Marketing; Industry Evolution; Business Startups; Internet and the Web; Brands and Branding; Marketing; Change; Consumer Behavior
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      Gupta, Sunil. "Direct to Consumer Brands." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-118, May 2020. (Revised August 2022.)
      • May 2020
      • Case

      Trust Merchant Bank

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Pippa Tubman Armerding, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha and Salim Dewji
      Trust Merchant Bank (TMB), a leading bank in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), needs to decide whether to enter the soon-to-be-liberalized insurance industry. Since its founding in 2004, TMB has played a pivotal role in reshaping the DRC banking landscape by... View Details
      Keywords: Retail Banking; Financial Services; Financial Inclusion; Turnaround; Fintech; Banks and Banking; Financial Condition; Insurance; Corporate Strategy; Expansion; Business Model; Family Business; Entrepreneurship; Information Technology; Monopoly; Banking Industry; Insurance Industry; Africa; Congo, Democratic Republic of the
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Pippa Tubman Armerding, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha, and Salim Dewji. "Trust Merchant Bank." Harvard Business School Case 720-449, May 2020.
      • May 2020 (Revised December 2022)
      • Case

      Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Amy Klopfenstein and Amram Migdal
      In November 2019, Sandra Richter, co-founder and CEO of Soofa, a network of advertising-supported digital bulletin boards, must decide between two different fundraising and expansion plans for her company. One plan entails raising $15 million in a Series A round and... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Model; Business Plan; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Decision Making; Decisions; Ethics; Geography; Geopolitical Units; Finance; Investment; Markets; Market Entry and Exit; Demand and Consumers; Network Effects; Media; Society; Urban Development; Sustainable Cities; Information Technology; Information Infrastructure; Digital Platforms; Strategy; Business Strategy; Expansion; Relationships; Partners and Partnerships; Capital; Venture Capital; Advertising Industry; Technology Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; North and Central America; United States; Massachusetts; Cambridge
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Amy Klopfenstein, and Amram Migdal. "Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?" Harvard Business School Case 820-098, May 2020. (Revised December 2022.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Project on Impact Investments' Impact Investment Database

      By: M. Diane Burton, Shawn Cole, Abhishek Dev, Christina Jarymowycz, Leslie Jeng, Josh Lerner, Fanele Mashwama, Yue (Cynthia) Xu and T. Robert Zochowski
      Impact investing has grown significantly over the past 15 years. From a niche investing segment with only $25 billion AUM in 2013 (WEF 2013), it experienced double-digit growth and developed into a market with an estimated $502 billion AUM (Mudaliapar and Dithrich... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Investment; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis
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      Burton, M. Diane, Shawn Cole, Abhishek Dev, Christina Jarymowycz, Leslie Jeng, Josh Lerner, Fanele Mashwama, Yue (Cynthia) Xu, and T. Robert Zochowski. "The Project on Impact Investments' Impact Investment Database." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-117, May 2020. (Revised August 2021.)
      • May–June 2020
      • Article

      Interfirm Ties Between Ventures and Limited Partners of Venture Capital Funds: Performance Effects in Financial Markets

      By: Umit Ozmel, M. Deniz Yavuz, Timothy E. Trombley and Ranjay Gulati
      We argue that strong indirect ties are conducive to the transfer of private information, which provides an advantage in identifying profitable investment opportunities. In our context, a strong indirect tie is generated between an investor and a focal firm if the... View Details
      Keywords: Interfirm Ties; Social Networks; Venture Capital; Entrepreneurship; Performance
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      Ozmel, Umit, M. Deniz Yavuz, Timothy E. Trombley, and Ranjay Gulati. "Interfirm Ties Between Ventures and Limited Partners of Venture Capital Funds: Performance Effects in Financial Markets." Organization Science 31, no. 3 (May–June 2020): 698–719.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Myth of the Lead Arranger’s Share

      By: Kristian Blickle, Quirin Fleckenstein, Sebastian Hillenbrand and Anthony Saunders
      We make use of Shared National Credit Program (SNC) data to examine syndicated loans in which the lead arranger retains no stake. We find that the lead arranger sells its entire loan share for 27 percent of term loans and 48 percent of Term B loans, typically shortly... View Details
      Keywords: Syndicated Loans; Lead Arrangers; Financing and Loans
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      Blickle, Kristian, Quirin Fleckenstein, Sebastian Hillenbrand, and Anthony Saunders. "The Myth of the Lead Arranger’s Share." Working Paper, May 2020.
      • April 2020
      • Case

      Promoting Land and Nature Jerky

      By: John A. Quelch and Katherine B. Hartman
      Kathy Ayers, Vice President of Marketing and Communications for Land and Nature (L&N) Jerky Company, needs to make a recommendation about L&N's 2020 promotional spending. L&N's CEO, Tim Ryan, wants her to calculate different scenarios using historical data to determine... View Details
      Keywords: Advertising; Spending; Marketing Communications; Marketing Strategy; Product Positioning; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Quelch, John A., and Katherine B. Hartman. "Promoting Land and Nature Jerky." Harvard Business School Brief Case 920-563, April 2020.
      • April 2020 (Revised May 2020)
      • Case

      NTT DOCOMO's Race to 5G

      By: Juan Alcácer, Horst Melcher and Akiko Kanno
      The case, based on extensive interviews with NTT DOCOMO’s technology leaders, focuses on the opportunities and challenges that NTT DOCOMO faces with the launch of infrastructure and services for 5G wireless telecommunication technology. With higher data rates and... View Details
      Keywords: 5G; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Product Launch; Strategic Planning; Decision Making; Strategy; Telecommunications Industry; Technology Industry
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      Alcácer, Juan, Horst Melcher, and Akiko Kanno. "NTT DOCOMO's Race to 5G." Harvard Business School Case 720-413, April 2020. (Revised May 2020.)
      • April 2020
      • Case

      Apple Inc. in 2020

      By: David B. Yoffie and Daniel Fisher
      After a decade as CEO, Tim Cook is facing one of his biggest strategic transitions of his tenure. While Apple had performed spectacularly well under Cook, Apple's core business was maturing. Sales of iPhones, iPads, and Macs were flat or down. However, Apple's new... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Market Positioning; Marketing Implementation; Planning; Products; Strategic Positioning; Strategy; Information Technology; Competitive Strategy; Technological Innovation; Competitive Advantage; Product Positioning; Communication; Competition; Leadership; Strategic Planning; Computer Industry; Telecommunications Industry; Technology Industry
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      Yoffie, David B., and Daniel Fisher. "Apple Inc. in 2020." Harvard Business School Case 720-454, April 2020.
      • April 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Indigo Agriculture: Harnessing Nature

      By: Michael W. Toffel and James Barnett
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 620-024. Indigo Agriculture used a digital-enabled research and development (R&D) process to launch its initial product, microbial coatings for agricultural seeds, which increase crop yields while reducing the need for fertilizers. In doing... View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Supply Chain; Social Enterprise; Product Development; Distribution Channels; Business Strategy; Digital Platforms; Science-Based Business; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Green Technology Industry; United States; Massachusetts
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      Toffel, Michael W., and James Barnett. "Indigo Agriculture: Harnessing Nature." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 620-075, April 2020.
      • April 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      Ping An: Pioneering the New Model of ‘Technology-driven Finance’

      By: Feng Zhu, Anthony K. Woo and Nancy Hua Dai
      In mid-December 2018, Peter Ma, Chairman and CEO of Ping An Insurance (Group) Company of China, Ltd. was considering whether the company should grow a fifth ecosystem of Smart City Services. Established in 1988, Ping An was one of the top 10 global financial... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ecosystems; Fintech; Finance; Information Technology; Business Model; Expansion; Competitive Strategy; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry
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      Zhu, Feng, Anthony K. Woo, and Nancy Hua Dai. "Ping An: Pioneering the New Model of ‘Technology-driven Finance’." Harvard Business School Case 620-068, April 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • April 2020
      • Article

      Field Comparisons of Incentive-Compatible Preference Elicitation Techniques

      By: Shawn A. Cole, A. Nilesh Fernando, Daniel Stein and Jeremy Tobacman
      Knowledge of consumer demand is important for firms, policy makers, and economists. One common tool for incentive-compatible demand elicitation, the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) mechanism, has been widely used in laboratory settings but rarely evaluated for... View Details
      Keywords: Incentive-compatible Elicitation; Experimental Methods; Weather Insurance; Rainfall Insurance; Agricultural Extension; Demand and Consumers
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      Cole, Shawn A., A. Nilesh Fernando, Daniel Stein, and Jeremy Tobacman. "Field Comparisons of Incentive-Compatible Preference Elicitation Techniques." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 172 (April 2020): 33–56.
      • April 2020
      • Article

      Technological Leadership (de)Concentration: Causes in Information and Communication Technology Equipment

      By: Yasin Ozcan and Shane Greenstein
      Using patent data from 1976 to 2010 as indicators of inventive activity, we determine the concentration level of where inventive ideas originate and then examine how and why those concentrations change over time. The analysis finds pervasive deconcentration in every... View Details
      Keywords: Deconcentration; Technological Innovation; Innovation Leadership; Patents; Market Entry and Exit; Telecommunications Industry
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      Ozcan, Yasin, and Shane Greenstein. "Technological Leadership (de)Concentration: Causes in Information and Communication Technology Equipment." Industrial and Corporate Change 29, no. 2 (April 2020): 241–263. (Winner of the Industry Studies Association 2021 Ralph Gomory Award for Best Paper.)
      • March 2020 (Revised April 2020)
      • Case

      CarTrade

      By: Rajiv Lal and Shreya Ramachandran
      Vinay Sanghi, the founder and CEO of CarTrade, had been trying different business strategies to keep the company, which he founded in 2010 as an online marketplace for used and new cars, profitable and on track for growth. In a crowded and disorganized dealer... View Details
      Keywords: Online Marketplace; Automobiles; Customer Base; Internet and the Web; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Model; Financing and Loans; E-commerce; Digital Platforms; Digital Marketing; Auto Industry; Retail Industry; India; Mumbai
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      Lal, Rajiv, and Shreya Ramachandran. "CarTrade." Harvard Business School Case 520-088, March 2020. (Revised April 2020.)
      • March 2020
      • Case

      Sizmek Chapter 11: Surviving Walled Gardens in Their Ad Tech Empire

      By: Ayelet Israeli, Danilo Tauro and Sarah Gulick
      This case provides a post-mortem of the advertising technology (adtech) company Sizmek. Sizmek grew via multiple acquisitions, with the vision of becoming an integrated adtech company that could leverage AI to buy digital media, while creating and serving display and... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Marketing; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Mergers and Acquisitions; Applications and Software; Internet and the Web; Competition; Marketing; Advertising Industry; Web Services Industry; United States; Europe
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      Israeli, Ayelet, Danilo Tauro, and Sarah Gulick. "Sizmek Chapter 11: Surviving Walled Gardens in Their Ad Tech Empire." Harvard Business School Case 520-087, March 2020.
      • March 2020 (Revised May 2020)
      • Case

      Redefining Mogul

      By: Ethan C. Rouen
      Tiffany Pham taught herself to code and created a technology platform, Mogul, with the goal of providing girls and women around the world with information and opportunities. After several years Mogul had reached more than 146 million women around the world and had... View Details
      Keywords: Women; Inclusion; Technology; Branding; Social Impact; Entrepreneurship; Internet and the Web; Information; Knowledge Dissemination; Gender; Diversity; Brands and Branding; Expansion; Strategy; Media; Personal Development and Career; Technology Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
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      Serafeim, George, Ethan Rouen, and Sarah Gazzaniga. "Redefining Mogul." Harvard Business School Case 120-043, March 2020. (Revised May 2020.)
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