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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(1,046)
- People (1)
- News (234)
- Research (591)
- Events (14)
- Multimedia (33)
- Faculty Publications (400)
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- 23 Oct 2007
- First Look
First Look: October 23, 2007
features of the institution—the incentives staff face and how the institution is governed—remain largely unchanged. Download the paper: http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/08-027.pdf The Dynamic Interplay of Inequality and Trust—An... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 2016
- Working Paper
Henry Kissinger: Negotiating Black Majority Rule in Southern Africa
By: James K. Sebenius, R. Nicholas Burns, Robert H. Mnookin and L. Alexander Green
In 1976, United States Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger conducted a series of intricate, multiparty negotiations in Southern Africa to persuade white Rhodesian leader Ian Smith to accede to black majority rule. Conducted near the end of President Gerald Ford’s... View Details
Keywords: Equality and Inequality; Negotiation Process; Race; Negotiation Participants; Negotiation Deal; Government and Politics; Africa; United States
Sebenius, James K., R. Nicholas Burns, Robert H. Mnookin, and L. Alexander Green. "Henry Kissinger: Negotiating Black Majority Rule in Southern Africa." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-051, December 2016.
- 21 Apr 2015
- First Look
First Look: April 21
Business School Case 315-050 Note on Economic Inequality (2015) For over half a century, most of the world's economies have enjoyed steady growth and prosperity. However, beginning in the 1980s, and continuing essentially unabated to the... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel & Sean Silverthorne
- 2023
- Article
Bridging the Gap with the ‘New’ Economic History of Africa
By: Ewout Frankema and Marlous van Waijenburg
This review article seeks to build bridges between mainstream African history and the more historically oriented branch of the ‘new’ economic history of Africa. We survey four central topics of the new economic history of Africa—growth, trade, labor, and inequality—and... View Details
Keywords: Economic Growth; Trade; Labor; Equality and Inequality; Development Economics; History; Africa
Frankema, Ewout, and Marlous van Waijenburg. "Bridging the Gap with the ‘New’ Economic History of Africa." Journal of African History 64, no. 1 (2023): 38–61.
- December 2004
- Supplement
Basic Statistics from the World Bank's World Development Indicators, 2004
By: David A. Moss, Sarah A. Brennan and Peter Epstein
Provides basic economic and social indicators for 145 countries, drawn from the World Bank's World Development Indicators (2004). The data include: population, land area, GNP per capita, real GDP growth, life expectancy, adult illiteracy, fertility rate, access to... View Details
Moss, David A., Sarah A. Brennan, and Peter Epstein. "Basic Statistics from the World Bank's World Development Indicators, 2004." Harvard Business School Supplement 705-022, December 2004.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Demographically Biased Technological Change
By: Victor Manuel Bennett, John-Paul Ferguson, Masoomeh Kalantari and Rembrand Koning
Who gets the jobs that automation creates? A consensus has begun to emerge that said technologies complement rather than substitute for labor. However, they also shift the demand for specific types of skills and other worker competencies. Such shifts imply unequal... View Details
Bennett, Victor Manuel, John-Paul Ferguson, Masoomeh Kalantari, and Rembrand Koning. "Demographically Biased Technological Change." Working Paper, June 2024.
- July 2023
- Article
The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap
By: Zoë B. Cullen and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
Offices are social places. Employees and managers take breaks together and talk about
family and hobbies. In this study, we show that employees’ social interactions with their managers
can be advantageous for their careers, and that this phenomenon contributes to the... View Details
Keywords: Career; Promotions; Social Interactions; Networking; Interpersonal Communication; Familiarity; Equality and Inequality; Gender
Cullen, Zoë B., and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap." American Economic Review 113, no. 7 (July 2023): 1703–1740. (Lead Article.)
- March 2022
- Teaching Note
Inclusive Innovation at Mass General Brigham
By: Katherine Coffman and Olivia Hull
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 921-006, “Inclusive Innovation at Mass General Brigham." This case invites students to explore the individual and structural factors that lead to an under-representation of women in male-dominated domains, and to think critically about... View Details
- July 2024
- Article
A (Dynamic) Investigation of Stereotypes, Belief-Updating, and Behavior
By: Katherine B. Coffman, Paola Ugalde Araya and Basit Zafar
Many decisions—such as what educational or career path to pursue—are dynamic in nature, with individuals receiving feedback at one point in time and making decisions later. Using a controlled experiment, with two sessions one week apart, we analyze the dynamic effects... View Details
Keywords: Feedback; Beliefs; Stereotypes; Self-assessment; Gender Gap; Gender; Equality and Inequality; Perception; Decision Choices and Conditions
Coffman, Katherine B., Paola Ugalde Araya, and Basit Zafar. "A (Dynamic) Investigation of Stereotypes, Belief-Updating, and Behavior." Economic Inquiry 62, no. 3 (July 2024): 957–983.
- March 2023 (Revised June 2025)
- Case
Close Concerns: Diabetes Research and Advocacy
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Brian L. Walker
This case describes the Exit considerations of Kelly Close, HBS MBA, and founder of the primary distributor of diabetes newsletters. It is part of the fourth module in the Innovating in Health Care HBS MBA course, which contains cases of other health care firms that... View Details
Keywords: Diabetes; Health; Health Care; Health Care And Treatment; Health Care Outcomes; Health Care Industry; Knowledge Dissemination; Outcome or Result; Equality and Inequality; Business Model; Entrepreneurship
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Brian L. Walker. "Close Concerns: Diabetes Research and Advocacy." Harvard Business School Case 323-047, March 2023. (Revised June 2025.)
- September 29, 2023
- Article
Eliminating Algorithmic Bias Is Just the Beginning of Equitable AI
By: Simon Friis and James Riley
When it comes to artificial intelligence and inequality, algorithmic bias rightly receives a lot of attention. But it’s just one way that AI can lead to inequitable outcomes. To truly create equitable AI, we need to consider three forces through which it might make... View Details
Friis, Simon, and James Riley. "Eliminating Algorithmic Bias Is Just the Beginning of Equitable AI." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 29, 2023).
- Article
A Fair Game? Racial Bias and Repeated Interaction between NBA Coaches and Players
By: Letian Zhang
There is strong evidence of racial bias in organizations but little understanding of how it changes with repeated interaction. This study proposes that repeated interaction has the potential to reduce racial bias, but its moderating effects are limited to the treatment... View Details
Keywords: Discrimination; Bias; Interaction; NBA; Prejudice and Bias; Race; Equality and Inequality; Interpersonal Communication; Sports
Zhang, Letian. "A Fair Game? Racial Bias and Repeated Interaction between NBA Coaches and Players." Administrative Science Quarterly 62, no. 4 (December 2017): 603–625.
- October 2024
- Article
On Why Women-owned Businesses Take More Time to Secure Microloans
By: Goran Calic, Moren Lévesque and Anton Shevchenko
Examining gender differences in business financing reveals important dimensions on which women- and men-owned businesses differ. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding gender differences in mobilizing resources, the role of time in business... View Details
Keywords: Microfinance; Gender; Financing and Loans; Equality and Inequality; Risk and Uncertainty; Decision Choices and Conditions; Entrepreneurship
Calic, Goran, Moren Lévesque, and Anton Shevchenko. "On Why Women-owned Businesses Take More Time to Secure Microloans." Small Business Economics 63, no. 3 (October 2024): 917–938.
- January 31, 2022
- Article
Who Pays Tolls at Work and Who Cruises on an Open Highway?
By: Siri Chilazi, D. Kolb, Kathleen L. McGinn and Jessica L. Porter
As organizations continue to navigate a changed world amidst the Covid-19 pandemic and the reverberations of the Black Lives Matter movement, many of the issues that affect underrepresented groups in organizations, including women of all different races and... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Opportunities; Equality and Inequality; Social Issues
Chilazi, Siri, D. Kolb, Kathleen L. McGinn, and Jessica L. Porter. "Who Pays Tolls at Work and Who Cruises on an Open Highway?" Harvard Business Review (website) (January 31, 2022).
- Fall 2021
- Article
Job-Hopping Toward Equity: Changing Employers Can Help Narrow the Gender Gap in Executive Compensation
By: Boris Groysberg, Paul M. Healy and Eric Lin
Changing employers has been linked to larger pay increases for executives and managers. Although survey-based studies suggest that men gain more than women, an analysis of more than 2,000 job moves found that executive women are commanding bigger increases than men... View Details
Groysberg, Boris, Paul M. Healy, and Eric Lin. "Job-Hopping Toward Equity: Changing Employers Can Help Narrow the Gender Gap in Executive Compensation." MIT Sloan Management Review 63, no. 1 (Fall 2021).
- 2016
- Working Paper
Equal Opportunity? Gender Gaps in CEO Appointments and Executive Pay
By: Matti Keloharju, Samuli Knüpfer and Joacim Tåg
This paper uses exceptionally rich data on Swedish corporate executives and their personal characteristics to study gender gaps in CEO appointments and pay. Both gaps are sizeable: 18% for CEO appointments and 27% for pay. At most one-eighth of the gaps can be... View Details
Keloharju, Matti, Samuli Knüpfer, and Joacim Tåg. "Equal Opportunity? Gender Gaps in CEO Appointments and Executive Pay." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-092, February 2016.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Pushing the Envelope: The Effects of Salary Negotiations
By: Zoë B. Cullen, Bobak Pakzad-Hurson and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
Salary negotiations are a widespread phenomenon that can shape key labor market outcomes, such as welfare and inequality. We provide novel empirical and theoretical insights into the causes and consequences of salary negotiations. We conducted two field experiments... View Details
Cullen, Zoë B., Bobak Pakzad-Hurson, and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "Pushing the Envelope: The Effects of Salary Negotiations." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 33903, June 2025.
- April 2021 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
SA Taxi: A Vehicle for Empowerment? (A)
By: Nien-he Hsieh, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha and F. Christopher Eaglin
SA Taxi was a vertically integrated business that operated in South Africa’s distinctive taxi industry. Despite being plagued by violence, informal structures, unsafe road practices and lack of government support, the taxi industry had grown to become South Africa’s... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Accountability; Ownership; Ownership Stake; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Equality and Inequality; Race; Situation or Environment; Transportation Industry; South Africa; Africa
Hsieh, Nien-he, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha, and F. Christopher Eaglin. "SA Taxi: A Vehicle for Empowerment? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 321-138, April 2021. (Revised January 2022.)
- 25 Apr 2018
- Research & Ideas
We May Have Taken Too Much Credit for Easing Workplace Segregation
companies, and this is where we’re seeing more segregation. So, we made gains in some companies, but overall have seen a loss in diversity. That’s problematic.” The connection between racial segregation and wage inequality The authors are... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman
- Article
Gender Disparities in Compensation of Practicing Cardiothoracic Surgeons: Analyzing the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Compensation Survey
By: Cherie P. Erkmen, Anastasiia K. Tompkins, Shanda Blackmon, Larry R. Kaiser, Susanna Gallani, Jennifer C. Romano, Thomas MacGillivray and Michael J. Mack
BACKGROUND: Gender-based pay disparity in compensation is widespread. In cardiothoracic
surgery, women earn between 71-84% of men’s salaries at comparable ranks. Limited data exist
on how factors like subspecialty, practice type, and work efforts contribute to these... View Details
Keywords: Gender; Compensation and Benefits; Equality and Inequality; Experience and Expertise; Health Industry
Erkmen, Cherie P., Anastasiia K. Tompkins, Shanda Blackmon, Larry R. Kaiser, Susanna Gallani, Jennifer C. Romano, Thomas MacGillivray, and Michael J. Mack. "Gender Disparities in Compensation of Practicing Cardiothoracic Surgeons: Analyzing the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Compensation Survey." Annals of Thoracic Surgery (in press). (Pre-published online June 19, 2025.)