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      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      COVID-19, Government Performance, and Democracy: Survey Experimental Evidence from 12 Countries

      By: Michael Becher, Nicholas Longuet Marx, Vincent Pons, Sylvain Brouard, Martial Foucault, Vincenzo Galasso, Eric Kerrouche, Sandra León Alfonso and Daniel Stegmueller
      Beyond its immediate impact on public health and the economy, the COVID-19 pandemic has put democracy under stress. While a common view is that people should blame the government rather than the political system for bad crisis management, an opposing view is that... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Government Performance; Democracy; Health Pandemics; Government and Politics; Crisis Management; Public Opinion
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      Becher, Michael, Nicholas Longuet Marx, Vincent Pons, Sylvain Brouard, Martial Foucault, Vincenzo Galasso, Eric Kerrouche, Sandra León Alfonso, and Daniel Stegmueller. "COVID-19, Government Performance, and Democracy: Survey Experimental Evidence from 12 Countries." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29514, November 2021. (Revise and resubmit requested, The Journal of Politics.)
      • November 2021
      • Article

      The Effects of Retirement on Sense of Purpose in Life: Crisis or Opportunity?

      By: Ayse Yemiscigil, Nattavudh Powdthavee and Ashley V. Whillans
      Does retirement lead to an existential crisis or present an opportunity to experience a renewed sense of purpose in life? Prior research has documented a negative association between retirement and sense of purpose in life, suggesting that retirement could lead people... View Details
      Keywords: Aging; Meaning; Socioeconomic Status; Life Experiences; Retirement; Well-being
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      Yemiscigil, Ayse, Nattavudh Powdthavee, and Ashley V. Whillans. "The Effects of Retirement on Sense of Purpose in Life: Crisis or Opportunity?" Psychological Science 32, no. 11 (November 2021): 1856–1864.
      • Article

      Using Fresh Starts to Nudge Increased Retirement Savings

      By: John Beshears, Hengchen Dai, Katherine L. Milkman and Shlomo Benartzi
      We conducted a field experiment to study the effect of framing future moments in time as new beginnings (or “fresh starts”). University employees (N=6,082) received mailings with an opportunity to choose between increasing their contributions to a savings plan... View Details
      Keywords: Choice Architecture; Randomized Field Experiment; Savings; New Beginning; Fresh Start; Saving; Retirement; Behavior
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      Beshears, John, Hengchen Dai, Katherine L. Milkman, and Shlomo Benartzi. "Using Fresh Starts to Nudge Increased Retirement Savings." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 167 (November 2021): 72–87.
      • September–October 2021
      • Article

      Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh and Kannan Srinivasan
      We study the effect of Airbnb’s smart-pricing algorithm on the racial disparity in the daily revenue earned by Airbnb hosts. Our empirical strategy exploits Airbnb’s introduction of the algorithm and its voluntary adoption by hosts as a quasi-natural experiment. Among... View Details
      Keywords: Smart Pricing; Pricing Algorithm; Machine Bias; Discrimination; Racial Disparity; Social Inequality; Airbnb Revenue; Revenue; Race; Equality and Inequality; Prejudice and Bias; Price; Mathematical Methods; Accommodations Industry
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh, and Kannan Srinivasan. "Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb." Marketing Science 40, no. 5 (September–October 2021): 813–820.
      • Article

      Health Equity, Schooling Hesitancy, and the Social Determinants of Learning

      By: Meira Levinson, Alan C. Geller, Joseph G. Allen and John D. Macomber
      At least 62 million K-12 students in North America—disproportionately low-income children of color— have been physically out of school for over a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These children are at risk of significant academic, social, mental, and physical harm... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Public Health; Air Quality; Social Determinants Of Health; Schooling Hesitancy; Vaccine Hesitancy; Racial Injustice; Inequity; Inequality; Health Pandemics; Education; Health Care and Treatment; Policy; Race; Equality and Inequality
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      Levinson, Meira, Alan C. Geller, Joseph G. Allen, and John D. Macomber. "Health Equity, Schooling Hesitancy, and the Social Determinants of Learning." Art. 100032. Lancet Regional Health – Americas 2 (October 2021).
      • October 2021
      • Case

      Unshrinking the Pie: Desirée Stolar's Negotiation Saga (A)

      By: James K. Sebenius and Alex Green
      When Desirée (“Des”) Stolar’s wool sweater shrank two sizes, the Harvard Business School student worked with classmates to develop a solution that both fixed her problem and launched Unshrinkit, a successful consumer goods company with a widely-available product for... View Details
      Keywords: Bargaining; Startups; Negotiation; Contracts; Negotiation Tactics; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Strategy; Consumer Products Industry
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      Sebenius, James K., and Alex Green. "Unshrinking the Pie: Desirée Stolar's Negotiation Saga (A)." Harvard Business School Case 922-012, October 2021.
      • October 2021
      • Supplement

      Unshrinking the Pie: Desirée Stolar's Negotiation Saga (B)

      By: James K. Sebenius and Alex Green
      When Desirée (“Des”) Stolar’s wool sweater shrank two sizes, the Harvard Business School student worked with classmates to develop a solution that both fixed her problem and launched Unshrinkit, a successful consumer goods company with a widely-available product for... View Details
      Keywords: Bargaining; Startups; Negotiation; Contracts; Negotiation Tactics; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Strategy; Consumer Products Industry
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      Sebenius, James K., and Alex Green. "Unshrinking the Pie: Desirée Stolar's Negotiation Saga (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 922-013, October 2021.
      • September 2021
      • Case

      TAV Airports: Acquiring Almaty International

      By: Juan Alcácer and Esel Çekin
      The case opens in April 2020 with Sani Şener, CEO of TAV Airports, a vertically integrated regional airport operator headquartered in Istanbul, Turkey, and his team discussing the pending acquisition of the Almaty International Airport in Kazakhstan. The company had... View Details
      Keywords: Airports; COVID-19 Pandemic; Strategy; Mergers and Acquisitions; Bids and Bidding; Air Transportation Industry; Central Asia; Turkey
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      Alcácer, Juan, and Esel Çekin. "TAV Airports: Acquiring Almaty International." Harvard Business School Case 722-367, September 2021.
      • September 2021
      • Case

      Vignettes on Professional Service Firm Governance

      By: David G. Fubini, Suraj Srinivasan and Li-Kuan Ni
      The two vignettes within “Vignettes on Professional Service Firm Governance” (HBS No. 122-024) present various issues relating to governance in professional service firms (“PSFs”). In the first, the Managing Director of a U.S. consulting firm contemplates whether to... View Details
      Keywords: Consulting Firms; Professional Services; Board Of Directors; Professional Service; Global Firm; Executive Leadership; Globalized Firms and Management; Private Equity; Governing and Advisory Boards; Global Strategy; Corporate Governance; Governance Controls; Leadership Development; Leading Change; Emerging Markets; Strategic Planning; Partners and Partnerships; Service Industry; United States; India
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      Fubini, David G., Suraj Srinivasan, and Li-Kuan Ni. "Vignettes on Professional Service Firm Governance." Harvard Business School Case 122-024, September 2021.
      • September 2021 (Revised November 2022)
      • Case

      Community Solutions

      By: Brian Trelstad and Tom Quinn
      Community Solutions was an anti-homelessness nonprofit founded in 2011 after protagonist Rosanne Haggerty grew frustrated with the limited impact of traditional housing and outreach strategies. It set an ambitious goal, reached in some partner communities, of ending... View Details
      Keywords: Change; Change Management; Disruption; Transformation; Communication; Communication Strategy; Decision Making; Cost vs Benefits; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decisions; Forecasting and Prediction; Social Entrepreneurship; Ethics; Values and Beliefs; Capital Budgeting; Capital Markets; Country; Government Administration; Government Legislation; Housing; Disruptive Innovation; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Knowledge Sharing; Leading Change; Resource Allocation; Mission and Purpose; Performance Evaluation; Performance Improvement; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Opportunities; Social Enterprise; Nonprofit Organizations; Human Needs; Public Opinion; Social Issues; Societal Protocols; Poverty; Welfare; Well-being; System; Equality and Inequality; Consulting Industry; Real Estate Industry; United States; New York (city, NY); Florida; Texas
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Tom Quinn. "Community Solutions." Harvard Business School Case 322-021, September 2021. (Revised November 2022.)
      • September 2021 (Revised December 2023)
      • Case

      On the Bubble: Startup Bootstrapping

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Tom Quinn and Annelena Lobb
      Bubble was a software company in the low-code/no-code market, making tools that allowed users without traditional programming backgrounds or technical skills to build software. The case covers cofounder Joshua Haas’s engineering background, as he experienced a high... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Business Plan; Disruption; Transformation; Trends; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Relationship Management; Cost vs Benefits; Decisions; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Equity; Executive Compensation; Recruitment; Selection and Staffing; Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Job Interviews; Growth and Development Strategy; Ownership Stake; Opportunities; Applications and Software; Technology Adoption; Technology Industry; Web Services Industry; New York (city, NY); California; France
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Tom Quinn, and Annelena Lobb. "On the Bubble: Startup Bootstrapping." Harvard Business School Case 822-033, September 2021. (Revised December 2023.)
      • September 17, 2021
      • Article

      AI Can Help Address Inequity—If Companies Earn Users' Trust

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Kannan Srinivasan, Param Singh and Nitin Mehta
      While companies may spend a lot of time testing models before launch, many spend too little time considering how they will work in the wild. In particular, they fail to fully consider how rates of adoption can warp developers’ intent. For instance, Airbnb launched a... View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Algorithmic Bias; Technological Innovation; Perception; Diversity; Equality and Inequality; Trust; AI and Machine Learning
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Kannan Srinivasan, Param Singh, and Nitin Mehta. "AI Can Help Address Inequity—If Companies Earn Users' Trust." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (September 17, 2021).
      • September 2021 (Revised December 2021)
      • Case

      Telepass: From Tolling to Mobility Platform

      By: Chiara Farronato, Stefano Denicolai and Sarah Mehta
      Telepass, until very recently the sole processor of electronic toll payments on Italy’s highways, has ambitions beyond tolling. Since the mid-2010s, the company has been expanding into adjacent services. In 2017, Telepass launched TelepassPay—a mobile payment... View Details
      Keywords: Mobile Payment; App; Mobility Services; Analysis; Change; Change Management; Transformation; Transition; Innovation and Invention; Strategy; Information Technology; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Transportation; Transportation Networks; Value; Value Creation; Consumer Behavior; Technology Industry; Transportation Industry; Insurance Industry; Europe; Italy; Milan
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      Farronato, Chiara, Stefano Denicolai, and Sarah Mehta. "Telepass: From Tolling to Mobility Platform." Harvard Business School Case 622-011, September 2021. (Revised December 2021.)
      • September 2021 (Revised December 2021)
      • Case

      Telepass: From Tolling to Mobility Platform (Abridged)

      By: Chiara Farronato, Stefano Denicolai and Sarah Mehta
      Telepass, until very recently the sole processor of electronic toll payments on Italy’s highways, has ambitions beyond tolling. Since the mid-2010s, the company has been expanding into adjacent services. In 2017, Telepass launched TelepassPay—a mobile payment... View Details
      Keywords: Mobile Payment; App; Mobility Services; Analysis; Change; Change Management; Transformation; Transition; Innovation and Invention; Strategy; Information Technology; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Transportation; Transportation Networks; Value; Value Creation; Technology Industry; Transportation Industry; Insurance Industry; Europe; Italy; Milan
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      Farronato, Chiara, Stefano Denicolai, and Sarah Mehta. "Telepass: From Tolling to Mobility Platform (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 622-050, September 2021. (Revised December 2021.)
      • September 2021
      • Comment

      Commentary on ‘2019 Academic Marketing Climate Survey: Motivation, Results and Recommendations', by Jeff Galak and Barbara E. Kahn

      By: John A. Deighton
      This paper reflects on the conclusions of a survey by Galak and Kahn on the climate experienced by faculty of all genders and ethnicities in the marketing departments of US business schools. View Details
      Keywords: Gender; Equality and Inequality; Organizational Culture
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      Deighton, John A. "Commentary on ‘2019 Academic Marketing Climate Survey: Motivation, Results and Recommendations', by Jeff Galak and Barbara E. Kahn." Marketing Letters 32, no. 3 (September 2021): 337–339.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Employee Ownership and Wealth Inequality: A Path to Reducing Wealth Concentration

      By: Thomas Dudley and Ethan Rouen
      This paper examines the impact of an economy-wide shift to broad-based employee ownership on wealth concentration in the United States. Relying on government data, we show that if all private firms became 30% employee-owned, the wealth distribution would be profoundly... View Details
      Keywords: Wealth Inequality; Employee Ownership; Wealth; Equality and Inequality; Analysis; United States
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      Dudley, Thomas, and Ethan Rouen. "Employee Ownership and Wealth Inequality: A Path to Reducing Wealth Concentration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-021, September 2021.
      • Fall 2021
      • Article

      Job-Hopping Toward Equity: Changing Employers Can Help Narrow the Gender Gap in Executive Compensation

      By: Boris Groysberg, Paul M. Healy and Eric Lin
      Changing employers has been linked to larger pay increases for executives and managers. Although survey-based studies suggest that men gain more than women, an analysis of more than 2,000 job moves found that executive women are commanding bigger increases than men... View Details
      Keywords: Executive Compensation; Gender; Equality and Inequality
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      Groysberg, Boris, Paul M. Healy, and Eric Lin. "Job-Hopping Toward Equity: Changing Employers Can Help Narrow the Gender Gap in Executive Compensation." MIT Sloan Management Review 63, no. 1 (Fall 2021).
      • 2021
      • Article

      Reflections: Voice and Silence in Workplace Conversations

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Tijs Besieux
      We highlight conversations at work as an arena of change. Drawing on and extending the psychological safety literature, we offer a new framework to distinguish between productive and unproductive forms of both voice and silence. The framework’s four... View Details
      Keywords: Conversation; Silence; Voice; Psychological Safety; Interpersonal Communication; Quality; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Tijs Besieux. "Reflections: Voice and Silence in Workplace Conversations." Journal of Change Management 21, no. 3 (2021): 269–286.
      • September 2021
      • Article

      Trials and Terminations: Learning from Competitors' R&D Failures

      By: Joshua L. Krieger
      I analyze project continuation decisions where firms may resolve uncertainty through news about competitors' research and development (R&D) failures, as well as through their own results. I examine the trade-offs and interactions between product-market competition and... View Details
      Keywords: Research and Development; Projects; Failure; Decision Making; Learning
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      Krieger, Joshua L. "Trials and Terminations: Learning from Competitors' R&D Failures." Management Science 67, no. 9 (September 2021).
      • August 2021
      • Technical Note

      Brand You: Crafting Your Personal Brand

      By: Jill Avery and Rachel Greenwald
      Selling oneself is something that we have to do every day in both professional and personal settings. We face it when we apply for a job, advocate for a promotion or a raise, vie for a leadership position, attempt to land a new client, write a dating profile, or meet a... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Brand; Brand Management; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Identity; Opportunities; Talent and Talent Management; Jobs and Positions; Strength and Weakness; Communication
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      Avery, Jill, and Rachel Greenwald. "Brand You: Crafting Your Personal Brand." Harvard Business School Technical Note 522-031, August 2021.
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