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  • July 2003 (Revised February 2004)
  • Background Note

M&A Legal Context: Hostile Takeovers

By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Constance E. Bagley and James Quinn
Introduces students to the main tactical maneuvers used by hostile bidders, including bear hugs, proxy fights, tender offers, and toeholds. Also describes how, in the United States, tender offers are regulated by the federal government via the Williams Act. View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Cash; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Code Law; Bids and Bidding; United States
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  • October 2014
  • Article

Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture

By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and John Rusnak
In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterizing the architecture of complex technical systems and demonstrate its application to a large sample of software releases. Our methodology is based upon directed network graphs, which allows us to... View Details
Keywords: Architecture; Modularity; Dominant Designs; Complexity; Product Design; Software
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  • 05 Feb 2019
  • First Look

New Research and Ideas, February 5, 2019

Modularity By: Baldwin, Carliss Y. Abstract— This is the first chapter in Part 3. Its purpose is to contrast the value structure of platform systems with step processes from a... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
  • 2014
  • Working Paper

Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture

By: Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and John Rusnak
In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterising the architecture of complex technical systems and demonstrate its application to a large sample of software releases. Our methodology is based upon directed network graphs, which allows us to... View Details
Keywords: Complexity; Applications and Software; Product Design
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  • 18 Mar 2014
  • First Look

First Look: March 18

Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, and David Dreyfus Abstract—In this paper, we test a method for visualizing and measuring software... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • July 2003 (Revised February 2004)
  • Background Note

M&A Legal Context: Standards Related to the Sale or Purchase of a Company

By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Constance E. Bagley and James Quinn
Introduces students to the legal standards affecting officers and directors when selling or purchasing a company. Provides a practical understanding of the Revlon Standard, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, Rule 10b-5, and the legal criteria for a cause of... View Details
Keywords: Laws and Statutes; Law Enforcement; Government Legislation; Acquisition; Business Exit or Shutdown; Corporate Governance; Going Public; Courts and Trials
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  • Article

Exploring the Duality Between Product and Organizational Architectures: A Test of the 'Mirroring' Hypothesis

By: Alan MacCormack, Carliss Y. Baldwin and John Rusnak
A variety of academic studies argue that a relationship exists between the structure of an organization and the design of the products that the organization produces. Specifically, products tend to "mirror" the architectures of the organizations in which they are... View Details
Keywords: Organization Design; Architecture; Modularity; Open Source Software; Communication; Design; Governance; Management Practices and Processes; Open Source Distribution; Product Design; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Structure; Performance; Problems and Challenges; Behavior; Software
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  • 18 Dec 2007
  • First Look

First Look: December 18, 2007

aspects of software design evolution in large-scale systems. Learning the Fine Art of Collaboration Authors:Alan MacCormack and Theodore Forbath Periodical:Forethought. Harvard Business Review (forthcoming): 10-11 Abstract Innovations are... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • 2008
  • Working Paper

Exploring the Duality between Product and Organizational Architectures: A Test of the Mirroring Hypothesis

By: Alan D. MacCormack, John Rusnak and Carliss Y. Baldwin
A variety of academic studies argue that a relationship exists between the structure of an organization and the design of the products that this organization produces. Specifically, products tend to "mirror" the architectures of the organizations in which they are... View Details
Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Product Design; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Information Technology Industry
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  • 03 Feb 2015
  • First Look

First Look: February 3

Carliss Y. Abstract—How do firms create and capture value in large technical systems? In this paper, I argue that the points of both value creation and value capture are the system's bottlenecks. Bottlenecks... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 07 Mar 2017
  • First Look

First Look at New Research, March 7

Between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities: A Google Chrome Case By: Lagerström, Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Dan... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 25 Jun 2013
  • First Look

First Look: June 25

Network Methods to Map Product Architecture By: Baldwin, Carliss Y., Alan MacCormack, and John Rusnak Abstract—In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for... View Details
Keywords: Anna Secino
  • 18 Feb 2015
  • First Look

First Look: February 18

System Architecture By: Baldwin, Carliss Y., Alan MacCormack, and John Rusnak Abstract—In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterizing the architecture... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 2021
  • Other Unpublished Work

Computer-Implemented Methods and Systems for Measuring, Estimating, and Managing Economic Outcomes and Technical Debt in Software Systems and Projects: US Patent 11,126,427 B2

By: Daniel J. Sturtevant, Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Sunny Ahn and Sean Gilliland
An interrelated set of tools and methods is disclosed for: (1) measuring the relationship between software source code attributes (such as code quality, design quality, test quality, and complexity metrics) and software economics outcome metrics (such as... View Details
Keywords: Technical Debt; Applications and Software; Economics; Measurement and Metrics; Patents
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  • 03 Aug 2010
  • First Look

First Look: August 3

of emissions tests, we find empirical support for our hypotheses that particular forms of firm governance and product portfolios can mitigate moral hazard. Download the paper: http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/11-004.pdf   Cases & Course MaterialsRoche's Acquisition... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • 2014
  • Working Paper

Visualizing and Measuring Software Portfolio Architectures: A Flexibility Analysis

By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and David Dreyfus
In this paper, we test a method for visualizing and measuring software portfolio architectures and use our measures to predict the costs of architectural change. Our data is drawn from a biopharmaceutical company, comprising 407 architectural components with 1,157... View Details
Keywords: Design Structure Matrices; Software Architecture; Flexibility; Software Application Portfolio; Complexity; Applications and Software; Forecasting and Prediction
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  • 04 Mar 2014
  • Sharpening Your Skills

Sharpening Your Skills: Managing Innovation

Raffaelli discovers new markets for old technologies. Organization Design for Distributed Innovation Designing organizations ready for distributed innovation, by Carliss Y.... View Details
Keywords: Re: Multiple Faculty
  • 16 Jul 2013
  • First Look

First Look: July 16

share their resources are a key obstacle to saving. Download working paper: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=45072 Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory BioPharma Case By: Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss View Details
Keywords: Anna Secino
  • 2013
  • Working Paper

Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Application Architecture: An Exploratory Telecom Case

By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and Stephan Aier
We test a method for visualizing and measuring enterprise application architectures. The method was designed and previously used to reveal the hidden internal architectural structure of software applications. The focus of this paper is to test if it can also uncover... View Details
Keywords: Communication Technology; Complexity; Applications and Software; Product Design; Telecommunications Industry
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  • 30 Jun 2009
  • First Look

First Look: June 30

provides insight into how the broader management of experience accumulation affects team performance. Download the paper: http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/09-145.pdf Measuring and Understanding Hierarchy as an Architectural Element in Industry Sectors Authors:Jianxi... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace