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    • All HBS Web  (484)
      • Faculty Publications  (53)

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      • July–August 2019
      • Article

      Coupling Labor Codes of Conduct and Supplier Labor Practices: The Role of Internal Structural Conditions

      By: Yanhua Bird, Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
      Exploitive working conditions have spurred companies to pressure their suppliers to adopt labor codes of conduct and to conform their labor practices to the standards set forth in those codes. Yet little is known about whether organizational structures such as codes... View Details
      Keywords: Organization Theory; Economic Sociology; Social Responsibility; Sustainability; Auditing; Process Improvement; Organizational Structure; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Supply Chain; Labor; Working Conditions
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      Bird, Yanhua, Jodi L. Short, and Michael W. Toffel. "Coupling Labor Codes of Conduct and Supplier Labor Practices: The Role of Internal Structural Conditions." Organization Science 30, no. 4 (July–August 2019): 847–867. (Best Paper Award at ComplianceNet Conference 2019, 2020 Responsible Research in Management Award Finalist.)
      • April 2019
      • Case

      Barber Cardiosystems

      By: Ranjay Gulati and Paul S. Myers
      Barber Cardiosystems, based in Melbourne, Australia, designs and manufactures therapeutic devices used for treatment of coronary conditions. Over four decades, it has grown to be among the top 200 medical device companies in the world. It competes against much larger... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Behavior; Strategic Alignment; Cost Management; Performance Productivity; Organizational Culture; Motivation and Incentives; Organizational Design; Strategy; Leadership; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Australia
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      Gulati, Ranjay, and Paul S. Myers. "Barber Cardiosystems." Harvard Business School Brief Case 919-505, April 2019.
      • December 2018 (Revised May 2019)
      • Case

      Darling Ingredients International

      By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
      Led by CEO Randall Stuewe, Texas-based Darling Ingredients International was a rendering firm with $3.7 billion in 2017 revenues. Since 2003, Darling had transformed from U.S. focused into a global player in the processing of biological waste from meat and foodservice... View Details
      Keywords: Darling; Ingredients; Stuewe; Rendering; Animal Byproducts; Used Cooking Oil; UCO; Diamond Green Diesel; DGD; Valero; Renewable Diesel; Biofuel; Recycling; Carbon; LCFS; Blend; Blender; Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Renewable Energy; Food; Agribusiness; Expansion; Diversification; Growth Management; Technological Innovation; Policy; Government Legislation; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Energy Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; Louisiana; California; Texas
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      Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Darling Ingredients International." Harvard Business School Case 519-048, December 2018. (Revised May 2019.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Ratcheting, Competition, and the Diffusion of Technological Change: The Case of Televisions Under an Energy Efficiency Program

      By: Tomomichi Amano and Hiroshi Ohashi
      In differentiated goods markets with societal implications, quality standards are commonly implemented to avoid the under-provision of innovation. Firms have clear incentives to engage in strategic behavior because policymakers use market outcomes as a benchmark in... View Details
      Keywords: Product Differentiation; Energy Efficiency Standards; Ratcheting; Diffusion Of Innovation; Technological Innovation; Competition; Quality; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy
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      Amano, Tomomichi, and Hiroshi Ohashi. "Ratcheting, Competition, and the Diffusion of Technological Change: The Case of Televisions Under an Energy Efficiency Program." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-021, September 2018.
      • June 2017
      • Article

      The Political Economy of Financial Innovation: Evidence from Local Governments

      By: Christophe Pérignon and Boris Vallée
      We examine the toxic loans sold by investment banks to local governments. Using proprietary data, we show that politicians strategically use these products to increase chances of being re-elected. Consistent with greater incentives to hide the cost of debt, toxic loans... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Innovation; Political Elections; Financing and Loans; Innovation and Invention
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      Pérignon, Christophe, and Boris Vallée. "The Political Economy of Financial Innovation: Evidence from Local Governments." Review of Financial Studies 30, no. 6 (June 2017): 1903–1934.
      • November 2016 (Revised December 2016)
      • Module Note

      Strategy Execution Module 11: Using Diagnostic and Interactive Control Systems

      By: Robert Simons
      This module reading introduces diagnostic and interactive control systems. Diagnostic control systems are the management-by-exception systems that managers use to monitor the achievement of their business strategy. Interactive control systems are the systems that top... View Details
      Keywords: Management Control Systems; Implementing Strategy; Execution; Performance Measurement; Diagnostic Control Systems; Interactive Control Systems; Emergent Strategy; Goal Setting; Incentives; Strategy; Motivation and Incentives; Goals and Objectives; Management Systems; Performance Evaluation
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      Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 11: Using Diagnostic and Interactive Control Systems." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-111, November 2016. (Revised December 2016.)
      • Article

      Beyond Statistics: The Economic Content of Risk Scores

      By: Liran Einav, Amy Finkelstein, Raymond Kluender and Paul Schrimpf
      "Big data" and statistical techniques to score potential transactions have transformed insurance and credit markets. In this paper, we observe that these widely-used statistical scores summarize a much richer heterogeneity, and may be endogenous to the context in which... View Details
      Keywords: Analytics and Data Science; Risk and Uncertainty; Insurance Industry
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      Einav, Liran, Amy Finkelstein, Raymond Kluender, and Paul Schrimpf. "Beyond Statistics: The Economic Content of Risk Scores." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 8, no. 2 (April 2016): 195–224.
      • 2015
      • Chapter

      How Leaders Use Values-based Guidance Systems to Create Dynamic Capabilities

      By: Rosabeth M. Kanter, Matthew Bird, Ethan Bernstein and Ryan Raffaelli
      How do strategic leaders create change-adept organizations? Based on qualitative field research, this chapter argues that well-defined institutionalized purpose, values, and principles act as an organizational guidance system that integrates and strengthens the... View Details
      Keywords: Dynamic Capabilities; Field Research; Intrinsic Motivation; Organizational Identity; Ecosystem; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Mission and Purpose; Motivation and Incentives; Research; Management Systems; Change
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      Kanter, Rosabeth M., Matthew Bird, Ethan Bernstein, and Ryan Raffaelli. "How Leaders Use Values-based Guidance Systems to Create Dynamic Capabilities." Chap. 2 in The Oxford Handbook of Dynamic Capabilities, edited by David J. Teece and Sohvi Leih. Oxford University Press, 2015. Electronic.
      • January 2014
      • Supplement

      Ford Asia Pacific & Africa: The E-coating Facility Decision in Gujarat, India (B)

      By: Juan Alcacer and Nancy Hua Dai
      The case reveals that Ford decided to open its own e-coating plant in Gujarat, India, and details how the decision was made at different organizational levels. View Details
      Keywords: Foreign Investment; Organizational Alignment; Strategic Decision Making; Motivation and Incentives; Communication; Organizational Structure; Decision Making; Business Processes; Foreign Direct Investment; Manufacturing Industry; Auto Industry; Gujarat
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Nancy Hua Dai. "Ford Asia Pacific & Africa: The E-coating Facility Decision in Gujarat, India (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 914-015, January 2014.
      • July–August 2013
      • Article

      Complementary Goods: Creating, Capturing, and Competing for Value

      By: Taylan Yalcin, Elie Ofek, Oded Koenigsberg and Eyal Biyalogorsky
      This paper studies the strategic interaction between firms producing strictly complementary products. With strict complements, a consumer derives positive utility only when both products are used together. We show that value-capture and value-creation problems arise... View Details
      Keywords: Complementary Goods; Product Development; Royalty Fees; Product Marketing; Competition
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      Yalcin, Taylan, Elie Ofek, Oded Koenigsberg, and Eyal Biyalogorsky. "Complementary Goods: Creating, Capturing, and Competing for Value." Marketing Science 32, no. 4 (July–August 2013): 554–569.
      • 2013
      • Article

      Achievement Motivation, Strategic Orientations and Business Performance in Entrepreneurial Firms: How Different are Japanese and American Founders?

      By: Rohit Deshpandé, Amir Grinstein, Elie Ofek and Sang-Hoon Kim
      Purpose: There is lack of research on the link between the personal disposition of an entrepreneurial firm's founder, the firm's strategic orientation, and its performance outcomes. Also, there is lack of cross-national research on entrepreneurial firms' strategic... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation; Entrepreneurs; Japan; Motivation and Incentives; Entrepreneurship; Japan; United States
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      Deshpandé, Rohit, Amir Grinstein, Elie Ofek, and Sang-Hoon Kim. "Achievement Motivation, Strategic Orientations and Business Performance in Entrepreneurial Firms: How Different are Japanese and American Founders?" International Marketing Review 30, no. 3 (2013).
      • July 2012
      • Case

      Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc.

      By: John Bingham and Michael Beer
      Vitality Health Enterprises, a medium-sized firm that manufactures health and personal care products, has experienced six straight quarters of strong revenue growth. James Hoffman, the new Senior Vice President of Human Resources, fears that the chain of success is... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Evaluation; Motivation and Incentives; Compensation and Benefits; Talent and Talent Management; Health Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States
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      Bingham, John, and Michael Beer. "Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc." Harvard Business School Brief Case 913-501, July 2012.
      • January 2012
      • Article

      How Leaders Kill Meaning at Work

      By: Teresa Amabile and Steven J. Kramer
      Senior executives routinely undermine creativity, productivity, and commitment by damaging the inner work lives of their employees in four avoidable ways. This article is based on analysis of hundreds of work diaries from professionals describing everyday events that... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership; Creativity; Performance Productivity; Motivation and Incentives; Innovation Strategy; Performance; Strategic Planning; Leading Change; Balanced Scorecard; Mission and Purpose
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      Amabile, Teresa, and Steven J. Kramer. "How Leaders Kill Meaning at Work." McKinsey Quarterly, no. 1 (January 2012): 124–131.
      • Article

      The Pursuit of Power Corrupts: How Investing in Outside Options Motivates Opportunism in Relationships

      By: D. Malhotra and F. Gino
      Across three laboratory studies, this paper illustrates how a common strategic decision aimed at increasing one's own power—investing in outside options—can lead to opportunistic behavior in exchange relationships. We show that the extent to which individuals have... View Details
      Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Motivation and Incentives; Opportunities; Relationships
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      Malhotra, D., and F. Gino. "The Pursuit of Power Corrupts: How Investing in Outside Options Motivates Opportunism in Relationships." Special Issue on "Social Psychological Perspectives on Power and Hierarchy". Administrative Science Quarterly 56, no. 4 (December 2011): 559–592.
      • July – August 2011
      • Article

      What Factors Drive Analyst Forecasts?

      By: Boris Groysberg, Paul Healy, Nitin Nohria and George Serafeim
      A firm's competitive environment, its strategic choices, and its internal capabilities are considered important determinants of its future performance. Yet there is little evidence on whether analysts' forecasts of firm performance actually reflect any of these factors... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Forecasting and Prediction; Industry Growth; Judgments; Performance; Valuation; Price; Quality; Innovation and Invention; Organizational Culture; Competency and Skills; Surveys
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      Groysberg, Boris, Paul Healy, Nitin Nohria, and George Serafeim. "What Factors Drive Analyst Forecasts?" Financial Analysts Journal 67, no. 4 (July–August 2011).
      • March 2011 (Revised December 2019)
      • Case

      Wealth Management Crisis at UBS (A)

      By: Paul M. Healy
      The case describes the challenges that UBS faced as a result of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigation for tax fraud, that claimed that UBS had helped some 52,000 U.S. residents hide billions of dollars in untaxed assets in secret Swiss accounts between... View Details
      Keywords: Fraud; Regulatory Enforcement; Reputation Incentives; Crony Capitalism; Tax Havens; Legitimacy; Multinational; Strategic Change; Incentives; Transparency; Financial Services; Taxation; Crime and Corruption; Global Range; Asset Management; Ethics; Problems and Challenges; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Corporate Governance; Financial Services Industry; United States; Switzerland
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      Healy, Paul M., George Serafeim, and David Lane. "Wealth Management Crisis at UBS (A)." Harvard Business School Case 111-082, March 2011. (Revised December 2019.)
      • March 2011 (Revised February 2018)
      • Supplement

      Wealth Management Crisis at UBS (B)

      By: George Serafeim
      The case describes the resolution of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigation for tax fraud and the increasing pressure on the wealth management business. View Details
      Keywords: Fraud; Regulatory Enforcement; Reputation Incentives; Crony Capitalism; Tax Havens; Legitimacy; Multinational; Strategic Change; Corporate Governance; Incentives; Transparency; Financial Services; Wealth; Taxation; Crime and Corruption; Global Range; Governance; Business and Government Relations; Asset Management; United States
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      Healy, Paul M., George Serafeim, and David Lane. "Wealth Management Crisis at UBS (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 111-090, March 2011. (Revised February 2018.)
      • October 2010 (Revised June 2014)
      • Case

      Volkswagen do Brasil: Driving Strategy with the Balanced Scorecard

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho
      A new management team at VW do Brazil develops and deploys a strategy map and Balanced Scorecard to accomplish a turnaround and cultural change after eight consecutive years of financial losses and market share declines. The team uses the strategy map to align... View Details
      Keywords: Business Cycles; Developing Countries and Economies; Management Teams; Leadership; Balanced Scorecard; Strategic Planning; Balance and Stability; Motivation and Incentives; Communication Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Auto Industry; Brazil; Germany
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho. "Volkswagen do Brasil: Driving Strategy with the Balanced Scorecard." Harvard Business School Case 111-049, October 2010. (Revised June 2014.)
      • February 2010
      • Article

      Managing Know-How

      By: Deishin Lee and Eric J. Van den Steen
      We study how firms can use a knowledge management system to optimally leverage employee-generated know-how. In particular, we consider the following practical strategic questions for the manager of a knowledge-intensive firm: should her firm develop a formal knowledge... View Details
      Keywords: Change; Employees; Information; Knowledge Management; Outcome or Result; Practice; Problems and Challenges; Motivation and Incentives; System; Value
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      Lee, Deishin, and Eric J. Van den Steen. "Managing Know-How." Management Science 56, no. 2 (February 2010): 270–285. (Articles in Advance published online on November 25, 2009.)
      • March 2010
      • Article

      The Desire to Win: The Effects of Competitive Arousal on Motivation and Behavior

      By: Deepak Malhotra
      The paper theoretically elaborates and empirically investigates the "competitive arousal" model of decision making, which argues that elements of the strategic environment (e.g., head-to-head rivalry and time pressure) can fuel competitive motivations and behavior.... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Auctions; Bids and Bidding; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Personal Characteristics; Competition
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      Malhotra, Deepak. "The Desire to Win: The Effects of Competitive Arousal on Motivation and Behavior." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 111, no. 2 (March 2010): 139–146.
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