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      • September 2024
      • Supplement

      Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion (B)

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Kenneth P. Pucker and Stacy Straaberg
      The Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion (B) case encourages students to assess Allbirds’ product development and go-to-market strategies now that Allbirds is a publicly listed company. The (B) case provides a 2024 update on Allbirds including its initial public offering,... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Knowledge Sharing; Distribution; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Going Public; Performance; Diversification; Stocks; Transformation; Fashion Industry; United States; San Francisco; California; Europe; Asia; New Zealand
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      Toffel, Michael W., Kenneth P. Pucker, and Stacy Straaberg. "Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 625-004, September 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Case

      Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners: Leading the Energy Transition

      By: John Macomber and Maxwell Nii Laryea
      A leading global infrastructure fund debates whether and when to become engaged in the electrolysis and distribution of hydrogen, as part of the hydrogen economy and the global transtion to a net zero energy world. The proposed billion dollar project consists of ... View Details
      Keywords: Energy; Infrastructure; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Project Finance; Energy Industry; Spain
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      Macomber, John, and Maxwell Nii Laryea. "Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners: Leading the Energy Transition." Harvard Business School Case 225-012, September 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Supplement

      National Public Broadcasting (B)

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      Pre-abstract: Instructors should consider the timing of making videos available to students, as they may reveal key case details.
      Abstract: This (B) case supplement is designed for use by faculty only to support classroom instruction in conjunction with... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Strategy; Financial Management; Media; Ownership; Strategy; Advertising; Decision Choices and Conditions; Entrepreneurship; Financing and Loans; Mergers and Acquisitions; Private Equity; Journalism and News Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "National Public Broadcasting (B)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 225-706, September 2024.
      • September 2024 (Revised December 2024)
      • Case

      Sona Comstar and Blackstone: Unlocking Value Through Business Transformation

      By: Ranjay Gulati and Kanika Jain
      Private equity firm Blackstone’s majority investment in automotive systems manufacturer Sona Comstar had culminated in the largest IPO in the Indian auto components industry in 2021, with stellar returns for all involved. This EV supplier was the result of a 2019... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Decision Making; Engineering; Management; Risk and Uncertainty; Private Equity; Mergers and Acquisitions; Initial Public Offering; Auto Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Technology Industry; Asia; Southeast Asia
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      Gulati, Ranjay, and Kanika Jain. "Sona Comstar and Blackstone: Unlocking Value Through Business Transformation." Harvard Business School Case 425-035, September 2024. (Revised December 2024.)
      • August 2024 (Revised February 2025)
      • Case

      Novo Nordisk Foundation

      By: Debora L. Spar and Julia M. Comeau
      In 2024, Novo Nordisk A/S was one of the most profitable firms in the world, thanks largely to just two GLP-1-based drugs, Ozempic and Wegovy. Unusually, this incredibly profitable firm was controlled not by individual private shareholders, but by a non-profit... View Details
      Keywords: Pharmaceutical Companies; Diabetes; Obesity; Foundation; Non-profit Management; Profit; Corporate Governance; Business or Company Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Expansion; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Nonprofit Organizations; Pharmaceutical Industry; Denmark; Europe
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      Spar, Debora L., and Julia M. Comeau. "Novo Nordisk Foundation." Harvard Business School Case 325-031, August 2024. (Revised February 2025.)
      • August 2024
      • Case

      The Political Money Machine and Senator Cruz

      By: Robert F. White and Jimena Marquez
      This caselet explores campaign finance rules in U.S. elections, as illustrated through a fundraising memo for Senator Ted Cruz. View Details
      Keywords: Political Elections; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Communication; Public Administration Industry; United States
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      White, Robert F., and Jimena Marquez. "The Political Money Machine and Senator Cruz." Harvard Business School Case 825-055, August 2024.
      • August 2024 (Revised November 2024)
      • Case

      Mercado Bitcoin: M&A, IPO, or Series B?

      By: Raymond Kluender, Emanuele Colonnelli, Sabrina T. Howell and Karina Souza
      In April 2021, Brazilian cryptocurrency platform Mercado Bitcoin had to decide how to scale: go public, M&A with a bank, or take a VC big check. In a highly volatile market, Roberto Dagnoni, chairman of the board, viewed the unprecedent crypto momentum as a window of... View Details
      Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Decision Making; Going Public; Ownership Stake; Strategic Planning; Venture Capital; Problems and Challenges; Business Cycles; Digital Platforms; Emerging Markets; Market Timing; Expansion; Diversification; Valuation; Value Creation; Investment Funds; Initial Public Offering; Price; Price Bubble; Negotiation Offer; Financial Liquidity; Information Technology Industry; Financial Services Industry; Latin America; South America; Brazil; Sao Paulo; United States
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      Kluender, Raymond, Emanuele Colonnelli, Sabrina T. Howell, and Karina Souza. "Mercado Bitcoin: M&A, IPO, or Series B?" Harvard Business School Case 825-047, August 2024. (Revised November 2024.)
      • August 2024
      • Case

      Circle: Reinventing the Future of Money

      By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
      In early 2024, Circle Internet Financial's leadership team gathered to discuss the company's strategic path as it prepared for an IPO. Founded in 2013 by Jeremy Allaire, Circle had emerged as a pioneer in digital finance through its USD Coin (USDC), a regulated... View Details
      Keywords: Currency; Governance Compliance; Initial Public Offering; Competition; Financial Services Industry
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, and Shweta Bagai. "Circle: Reinventing the Future of Money." Harvard Business School Case 825-067, August 2024.
      • August 2024
      • Case

      Keurig: A Return to Growth

      By: David Fubini and Patrick Sanguineti
      By the early 2010s, Keurig Green Mountain (KGM) had lost the momentum that had made it the name in at-home coffee brewing in North America. Following a series of product missteps, negative media scrutiny, and ongoing challenges to its partner relationships, in late... View Details
      Keywords: Turnaround; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decisions; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Going Public; Diversification; Expansion; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Fubini, David, and Patrick Sanguineti. "Keurig: A Return to Growth." Harvard Business School Case 425-009, August 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Primary Capital Market Transactions and Index Funds

      By: Marco Sammon and Chris Murray
      We document the effects of mechanical buying by CRSP-index-tracking funds on post-IPO returns and IPO deal structure. Leveraging a difference-in-differences-style design built on a 2017 CRSP rule change, we find that expected index fund demand leads fast track IPOs to... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Initial Public Offering; Investment Return; Price; Market Transactions; Financial Markets
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      Sammon, Marco, and Chris Murray. "Primary Capital Market Transactions and Index Funds." Working Paper, August 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      The Rise of Alternatives

      By: Juliane Begenau, Pauline Liang and Emil Siriwardane
      Since the 2000s, U.S. public pensions have shifted their risky investments towards alternative assets like private equity and hedge funds, some more aggressively than others. We explore several explanations for these cross-sectional trends, focusing on those implied by... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Investment Return; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Begenau, Juliane, Pauline Liang, and Emil Siriwardane. "The Rise of Alternatives." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-016, August 2024.
      • July 2024
      • Case

      Jacqueline Cook at Vendasta: Debating an IPO

      By: Reza Satchu, Tom Quinn and Andrew Kosc
      In May 2021, after a surge in demand for digital services that prompted high valuations for startups across the Canadian tech sector, Saskatchewan-based Vendasta entered the final stages of the initial public offering (IPO) process. COO Jacqueline Cook had invested her... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Interpersonal Communication; Cost vs Benefits; Forecasting and Prediction; Business Cycles; Entrepreneurship; Fairness; Capital Markets; Private Equity; Investment Banking; Stock Options; Financial Markets; Initial Public Offering; Institutional Investing; Price Bubble; Digital Platforms; Digital Transformation; Internet and the Web; Leadership; Growth and Development Strategy; Managerial Roles; Agreements and Arrangements; Going Public; Ownership Stake; Performance Expectations; Work-Life Balance; Strategic Planning; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Rank and Position; Risk and Uncertainty; Opportunities; Happiness; Reputation; Status and Position; Well-being; Information Technology Industry; Retail Industry; Canada
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      Satchu, Reza, Tom Quinn, and Andrew Kosc. "Jacqueline Cook at Vendasta: Debating an IPO." Harvard Business School Case 825-037, July 2024.
      • June 2024
      • Case

      Arete Research on Unity Software

      By: Joseph Pacelli and Tonia Labruyere
      Richard Kramer had founded Arete Research, an independent financial research provider, in 2000 after a successful career as a sell-side analyst at Goldman Sachs. He reflects on his team's coverage of Unity Software, a U.S.-based mobile games software company, that... View Details
      Keywords: Analysis; Initial Public Offering; Analytics and Data Science; Applications and Software; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Valuation; Value Creation; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Model; Reports; Financial Services Industry; Video Game Industry; United Kingdom; United States
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      Pacelli, Joseph, and Tonia Labruyere. "Arete Research on Unity Software." Harvard Business School Case 124-086, June 2024.
      • June 2024
      • Article

      Real Growth in Space Manufacturing Output Substantially Exceeds Growth in the Overall Space Economy

      By: Tina Highfill and Matthew Weinzierl
      Accurately measuring real economic output in the space economy is made difficult by the rapid increase in capabilities and decrease in prices of launch and satellite technologies achieved over the past two decades. Nominal measures of output in space will tend to... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Economic Growth; Price; Production; Aerospace Industry
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      Highfill, Tina, and Matthew Weinzierl. "Real Growth in Space Manufacturing Output Substantially Exceeds Growth in the Overall Space Economy." Acta Astronautica 219 (June 2024): 236–242.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Does the Case for Private Equity Still Hold?

      By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Philipp Chvanov
      Private Equity (“PE”) received a 10-fold increase in capital flows since the Great Financial Crisis (“GFC”) Investors sought higher nominal returns relative to those they could obtain in the public capital markets. This paper questions the fundamental assumptions... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Investment Return; Investment Portfolio; Financial Markets
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      Lietz, Nori Gerardo, and Philipp Chvanov. "Does the Case for Private Equity Still Hold?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-066, January 2024.
      • March 2024
      • Case

      ixigo

      By: Ranjay Gulati and Rachna Tahilyani
      Ixigo is India’s second-largest online travel aggregator (OTA) and the market leader among private train OTAs. It has overcome numerous near-death crises to emerge as a customer-centric, profitable firm. It aspires to become the leading OTA in the next billion Internet... View Details
      Keywords: Initial Public Offering; Profit; Growth and Development; Product Positioning; Travel Industry; India
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      Gulati, Ranjay, and Rachna Tahilyani. "ixigo." Harvard Business School Case 424-059, March 2024.
      • March 2024 (Revised July 2024)
      • Case

      AMC: The Zero Revenue Case

      By: C. Fritz Foley and Donal O'Cofaigh
      The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic put theatre company AMC’s already perilous financial situation under even further strain. The company’s high levels of debt resulted in a monthly cash-burn which left it facing an imminent Chapter-11 filing in the absence of... View Details
      Keywords: Ethics; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Public Equity; Stock Shares; Health Pandemics; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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      Foley, C. Fritz, and Donal O'Cofaigh. "AMC: The Zero Revenue Case." Harvard Business School Case 224-069, March 2024. (Revised July 2024.)
      • March 2024 (Revised May 2024)
      • Case

      Masterpiece for the Masses: The First Art Exchange ARTEX

      By: Lauren Cohen, Anastasiya Siroochenko (Siro) and Sophia Pan
      Yassir Benjelloun-Touimi, CEO of ARTEX, aspired to marry the world of art and finance. Hoping to promote transparent, fractionalized ownership of renowned artwork, the founder had spent years contemplating the birth of an art stock market. This exchange would allow... View Details
      Keywords: Trading; Art Market; Art Fair; Tokenization; Democratization; Exchange Traded Fund; Price Monitoring; Trends And Opportunities; Financial Liquidity; Financial Markets; Arts; Financial Strategy; Initial Public Offering; Investment Return; Technological Innovation; Business Model; Trends; Stocks; Assets; Diversification; Trade; Financial Services Industry; Fine Arts Industry; Paris; France
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      Cohen, Lauren, Anastasiya Siroochenko (Siro), and Sophia Pan. "Masterpiece for the Masses: The First Art Exchange ARTEX." Harvard Business School Case 224-086, March 2024. (Revised May 2024.)
      • March 2024
      • Case

      Nomad: A License to Bank

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Pedro Levindo
      In late 2023, Lucas Vargas, CEO and co-founder of Nomad, a fintech that offered financial services in the United States for Brazilian residents, had to decide what to do to ensure the company’s continued expansion. Nomad launched its first product, a U.S. digital bank... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Startups; Customer Satisfaction; Decision Making; Entrepreneurship; Banks and Banking; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Organizational Culture; Going Public; Ownership Stake; Innovation and Invention; Strategic Planning; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Vertical Integration; Leadership; Law; Banking Industry; Technology Industry; Service Industry; Brazil; United States; North America; Latin America
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Pedro Levindo. "Nomad: A License to Bank." Harvard Business School Case 824-144, March 2024.
      • March 2024
      • Article

      Medicare Price Negotiation and Pharmaceutical Innovation Following the Inflation Reduction Act

      By: Matthew Vogel, Pragya Kakani, Amitabh Chandra and Rena M. Conti
      The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) requires Medicare to negotiate lower prices for some medicines with high Medicare spending. Using historical data from public and proprietary sources to apply the IRA's negotiation criteria retrospectively, we identify all drugs that... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Government Legislation; Health Care and Treatment; Negotiation; Price; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Vogel, Matthew, Pragya Kakani, Amitabh Chandra, and Rena M. Conti. "Medicare Price Negotiation and Pharmaceutical Innovation Following the Inflation Reduction Act." Nature Biotechnology 42, no. 3 (March 2024): 406–412.
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