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      • September 2021 (Revised March 2024)
      • Case

      Bühler: Mobilizing Industry around a Common Purpose

      By: Ranjay Gulati, Franz Wohlgezogen and Malini Sen
      Bühler Group, a Swiss multinational processing technology provider, started by selling machines for processing grains and later transitioned into selling food processing solutions. A family-owned business in the fifth generation, Bühler’s high-end milling, grinding,... View Details
      Keywords: Family Business; Customer Focus and Relationships; Machinery and Machining; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Innovation Leadership; Switzerland
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      Gulati, Ranjay, Franz Wohlgezogen, and Malini Sen. "Bühler: Mobilizing Industry around a Common Purpose." Harvard Business School Case 822-001, September 2021. (Revised March 2024.)
      • September 2021
      • Article

      Innovation in the 21st Century: Architectural Change, Purpose, and the Challenges of Our Time

      By: Rebecca Henderson
      Understanding the process of innovation has been a central concern of management researchers, but despite this progress, there remains much that we do not understand. Deepening our knowledge is critically important given the enormous environmental and social challenges... View Details
      Keywords: Architectural Innovation; Systemic Innovation; Innovation and Invention; Mission and Purpose; Environmental Sustainability
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      Henderson, Rebecca. "Innovation in the 21st Century: Architectural Change, Purpose, and the Challenges of Our Time." Management Science 67, no. 9 (September 2021).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Value of Data and Its Impact on Competition

      By: Marco Iansiti
      Common regulatory perspective on the relationship between data, value, and competition in online platforms has increasingly centered on the volume of data accumulated by incumbent firms. This view posits the existence of "data network effects," where more data leads to... View Details
      Keywords: Online Platforms; Data Network Effects; Analytics and Data Science; Value; Competition; Digital Platforms
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      Iansiti, Marco. "The Value of Data and Its Impact on Competition." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-002, July 2021.
      • February 2021
      • Article

      How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice

      By: Ryan W. Buell and Basak Kalkanci
      Amid growing calls for transparency and social and environmental responsibility, companies are employing different strategies to improve consumer perceptions of their brands. Some pursue internal initiatives that reduce their negative social or environmental impacts... View Details
      Keywords: Sustainable Operations; Corporate Social Responsibility; Operational Transparency; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Operations; Environmental Sustainability; Consumer Behavior; Perception
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      Buell, Ryan W., and Basak Kalkanci. "How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice." Management Science 67, no. 2 (February 2021): 932–950.
      • Article

      How Long Can a Company Thrive Doing Just One Thing?

      By: Andy Wu and Scott Duke Kominers
      The news that the chat app Slack was being sold to veteran customer relationship management company Salesforce for $27.7 billion raised a lot of eyebrows. Why sell after a year of explosive growth? The deal, however, epitomizes a question facing so-called best-of-breed... View Details
      Keywords: Best-of-breed Companies; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy
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      Wu, Andy, and Scott Duke Kominers. "How Long Can a Company Thrive Doing Just One Thing?" Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (December 10, 2020).
      • December 2020 (Revised March 2021)
      • Case

      Made In Space, Expectations Management, and the Business of In-Space Manufacturing

      By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and Mehak Sarang
      After having proven its base technology (3D printing) through NASA solicitations and contracts, Made In Space was searching for a viable commercial application. But the business case for the leading candidate, high-quality fiber optic cable for use on Earth, remained... View Details
      Keywords: Aerospace; Space; Space Economy; 3D Printing; Manufacturing; Public-private Partnership; Partners and Partnerships; Strategy; Business and Government Relations; Aerospace Industry; Manufacturing Industry
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      Weinzierl, Matthew C., and Mehak Sarang. "Made In Space, Expectations Management, and the Business of In-Space Manufacturing." Harvard Business School Case 721-025, December 2020. (Revised March 2021.)
      • September 2020 (Revised September 2021)
      • Case

      Student Success at Georgia State University (A)

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Robin Mendelson and Julia Kelley
      Georgia State University had developed a reputation for driving student success by nearly doubling its graduation rate for students of all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds. It did so while growing its student body and the proportion of Black/African... View Details
      Keywords: Education; Higher Education; Learning; Curriculum and Courses; Demographics; Diversity; Ethnicity; Income; Race; Leadership; Goals and Objectives; Measurement and Metrics; Operations; Organizations; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Culture; Outcome or Result; Performance; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Evaluation; Service Operations; Performance Improvement; Planning; Strategic Planning; Social Enterprise; Nonprofit Organizations; Social Issues; Wealth and Poverty; Equality and Inequality; Information Technology; Digital Platforms; Education Industry; Atlanta
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      Toffel, Michael W., Robin Mendelson, and Julia Kelley. "Student Success at Georgia State University (A)." Harvard Business School Case 621-006, September 2020. (Revised September 2021.)
      • September–October 2020
      • Article

      Managing Churn to Maximize Profits

      By: Aurelie Lemmens and Sunil Gupta
      Customer defection threatens many industries, prompting companies to deploy targeted, proactive customer retention programs and offers. A conventional approach has been to target customers either based on their predicted churn probability or their responsiveness to a... View Details
      Keywords: Churn Management; Defection Prediction; Loss Function; Stochastic Gradient Boosting; Customer Relationship Management; Consumer Behavior; Profit
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      Lemmens, Aurelie, and Sunil Gupta. "Managing Churn to Maximize Profits." Marketing Science 39, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 956–973.
      • May 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand

      By: Jill Avery
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 519-026. Shiseido was in the midst of a six year corporate turnaround, trying to reverse the effects of decades of under-investment in R&D and marketing that had led to a vicious cycle of declining customer support and brand value. Would... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Marketing ROI; Brand Portfolio Strategy; Growth Strategy; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Growth and Development Strategy; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Japan; Asia
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      Avery, Jill. "Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-116, May 2020.
      • January 2020 (Revised July 2020)
      • Supplement

      MoviePass: The 'Get Big Fast' Strategy

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      In August 2017, MoviePass dramatically lowered its subscription price from $50 per month to just $10 for up to one movie per day. The idea was to rapidly scale the business to the point where they could generate incremental revenue streams form related businesses... View Details
      Keywords: Market Entry; Growth Strategy; Profit Vs. Growth; Subscription Business; Cash Burn; Data Analytics; Get-big-fast; Buyer Power; Strategy Implementation; Movie Industry; Racing; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Consolidation; Cash Flow; Growth Management; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Disruptive Innovation; Mobile Technology; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Advertising Industry; Information Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "MoviePass: The 'Get Big Fast' Strategy." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 720-854, January 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
      • November 2019
      • Supplement

      United Technologies Corp.: Are the Parts Worth More Than the Whole?

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      After spending more than 50 years creating a diversified industrial conglomerate that Fortune Magazine described as “arguably the most profitable conglomerate in America” in 2014, UTC’s CEO Greg Hayes was under pressure from activist investors (Dan Loeb and Bill... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Strategy; Business Conglomerates; Financial Management; Corporate Governance; Organizational Structure; Diversification; Valuation; Investment Activism; Financial Strategy; Investment Funds; Value Creation; Aerospace Industry; Electronics Industry; Industrial Products Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "United Technologies Corp.: Are the Parts Worth More Than the Whole?" Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 220-714, November 2019.
      • November 2019 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      United Technologies: Are the Parts Worth More Than the Whole?

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      After spending more than 50 years creating a diversified industrial conglomerate that Fortune magazine described as “arguably the most profitable conglomerate in America” in 2014, UTC’s CEO Greg Hayes was under pressure from activist investors (Dan Loeb and Bill... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Strategy; Business Conglomerates; Financial Management; Corporate Governance; Organizational Structure; Investment Funds; Value Creation; Aerospace Industry; Electronics Industry; Industrial Products Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "United Technologies: Are the Parts Worth More Than the Whole?" Harvard Business School Case 220-018, November 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Gastrointestinal Endoscopy--Without Cutting In: Case Histories of Transformational Advances

      By: Amar Bhidé, Srikant M. Datar and Katherine Stebbins
      This case history describes how endoscopy transformed the diagnosis of ulcers, cancerous polyps, and other alimentary canal diseases and enabled “minimally invasive” surgeries to treat such diseases. Specifically, we chronicle how: 1) flexible glass fiber endoscopes... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Technological Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Technology Adoption; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Invention; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Bhidé, Amar, Srikant M. Datar, and Katherine Stebbins. "Gastrointestinal Endoscopy--Without Cutting In: Case Histories of Transformational Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-005, July 2019. (Revised May 2024.)
      • July 2019
      • Case

      Four Products: Predicting Diffusion (2019)

      By: John Gourville
      One job of product managers, marketers, strategic planners, and other corporate executives is to predict what the demand will be for a new product. This task is easier for certain classes of new products than for others. For new consumer package goods, for instance,... View Details
      Keywords: Diffusion Processes; Product Adoption; Marketing; Forecasting and Prediction; Demand and Consumers; Product; Adoption; Product Launch
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      Gourville, John. "Four Products: Predicting Diffusion (2019)." Harvard Business School Case 520-012, July 2019.
      • March 2019 (Revised July 2020)
      • Case

      MoviePass: The 'Get Big Fast' Strategy

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel W. Fisher
      In August 2017, MoviePass dramatically lowered its subscription price from $50 per month to just $10 for up to one movie per day. The idea was to rapidly scale the business to the point where they could generate incremental revenue streams from related businesses... View Details
      Keywords: Market Entry; Growth Strategy; Profit Vs. Growth; Subscription Business; Cash Burn; Data Analytics; Get-big-fast; Buyer Power; Strategy Implementation; Movie Industry; Racing; Entrepreneurship; Market Entry and Exit; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Disruption; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel W. Fisher. "MoviePass: The 'Get Big Fast' Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 719-455, March 2019. (Revised July 2020.)
      • March 2019
      • Article

      Antitrust as Speech Control

      By: Hillary Greene and Dennis Yao
      Antitrust law, at times, dictates who, when, and about what people can and cannot speak. It would seem then that the First Amendment might have something to say about those constraints. And it does, though perhaps less directly and to a lesser degree than one might... View Details
      Keywords: Antitrust Law; First Amendment; Spoken Communication; Laws and Statutes
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      Greene, Hillary, and Dennis Yao. "Antitrust as Speech Control." William & Mary Law Review 60, no. 4 (March 2019): 1215–1267.
      • December 2018 (Revised October 2020)
      • Case

      Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand

      By: Jill Avery and Nobuo Sato
      Shiseido was in the midst of a six year corporate turnaround, trying to reverse the effects of decades of under-investment in R&D and marketing which had led to a cycle of declining customer support and brand value. Would the CEO’s VISION 2020 plan, centered on four... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Value; Turnaround; Brand Portfolio; Brand Communication; Global Brands; Digital Marketing; Return On Investment; Marketing ROI; Internet Marketing; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Value; Growth and Development Strategy; Investment Return; Consumer Behavior; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Japan; Asia
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      Avery, Jill, and Nobuo Sato. "Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand." Harvard Business School Case 519-026, December 2018. (Revised October 2020.)
      • 2018
      • Book

      Varieties of Green Business: Industries, Nations and Time

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      Published at a time of ever-increasing warnings that the pace of climate change and other environmental changes risk making the Earth unsustainable within our own lifetimes, this book looks at the past of green business to identify lessons for the future. It provides... View Details
      Keywords: Green Business; Sustainability; Business History; Eco-tourism; Organic Wine; Organic Food; Waste Management; Sustainable Finance; Ethics; Finance; History; Entrepreneurship; Accommodations Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Banking Industry; Energy Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Green Technology Industry; Tourism Industry; Europe; Asia; Latin America; North and Central America; New Zealand
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      Jones, Geoffrey. Varieties of Green Business: Industries, Nations and Time. Northamption, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018.
      • August 2018
      • Case

      Four Products: Predicting Diffusion (2018)

      By: John Gourville
      One job of product managers, marketers, strategic planners, and other corporate executives is to predict what the demand will be for a new product. This task is easier for certain classes of new products than for others. For new consumer package goods, for instance,... View Details
      Keywords: Diffusion Processes; Product Adoption; Marketing; Forecasting and Prediction; Demand and Consumers; Adoption; Product Launch
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      Gourville, John. "Four Products: Predicting Diffusion (2018)." Harvard Business School Case 519-018, August 2018.
      • December 2017
      • Article

      Overall Cost Comparison of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures with Endoscopist- or Anesthesia-Supported Sedation by Activity-Based Costing Techniques

      By: Richard A. Helmers, James A. Dilling, Christopher R. Chaffee, Mark V. Larson, Bradly J. Narr, Derek A. Haas and Robert S. Kaplan
      Endoscopic/Colonoscopic procedures are done either with gastroenterologist-administered conscious sedation or with anesthesia-administered sedation with propofol. Anesthesia-administered sedation has medical and patient benefits but is more expensive to administer. We... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Cost; Activity Based Costing and Management
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      Helmers, Richard A., James A. Dilling, Christopher R. Chaffee, Mark V. Larson, Bradly J. Narr, Derek A. Haas, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Overall Cost Comparison of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures with Endoscopist- or Anesthesia-Supported Sedation by Activity-Based Costing Techniques." Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes 1, no. 3 (December 2017): 234–241.
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