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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (1,179)
      • Faculty Publications  (83)

      Equity ResearchRemove Equity Research →

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      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann
      To explore determinants of new venture performance, the CEOs of 470 early-stage startups were surveyed regarding a broad range of factors related to their venture’s customer value proposition, product management, marketing, technology and operations, financial... View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Survey Research; Performance Analysis; Entrepreneurship; Performance; Analysis; Business Startups; Failure; Surveys
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R. "Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-057, October 2020.
      • July 2020
      • Case

      Mortgage Backed Securities and the Covid-19 Pandemic

      By: Emil N. Siriwardane, Luis M. Viceira and Dean Xu
      In April 2020, global financial markets were still reeling as the COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly across the world. Global equity markets had initially fallen by 30% in response to the pandemic, and high-yield credit markets had dropped by nearly 20%. In contrast,... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Mortgage-backed Securities; Health Pandemics; Financial Markets; Assets; Resource Allocation; Financial Instruments; Decision Making
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      Siriwardane, Emil N., Luis M. Viceira, and Dean Xu. "Mortgage Backed Securities and the Covid-19 Pandemic." Harvard Business School Case 221-010, July 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar

      By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
      Teaching Note for HBS Case Nos. 519-061 and 519-062. In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of twenty of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Under the... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Storytelling; Brand Equity; Market Research; Qualitative Methods; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-124, June 2020.
      • 2019
      • Article

      Time Series Experiments and Causal Estimands: Exact Randomization Tests and Trading

      By: Iavor I Bojinov and Neil Shephard
      We define causal estimands for experiments on single time series, extending the potential outcome framework to dealing with temporal data. Our approach allows the estimation of a broad class of these estimands and exact randomization based p-values for testing causal... View Details
      Keywords: Causality; Nonparametric; Potential Outcomes; Trading Costs; Mathematical Methods
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., and Neil Shephard. "Time Series Experiments and Causal Estimands: Exact Randomization Tests and Trading." Journal of the American Statistical Association 114, no. 528 (2019): 1665–1682.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Value of Intermediation in the Stock Market

      By: Marco Di Maggio, Mark Egan and Francesco Franzoni
      We estimate a structural model of broker choice to quantitatively decompose the value that institutional investors attach to broker services. Studying over 300 million institutional equity trades, we find that investors are sensitive to both explicit and implicit... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Intermediation; Institutional Investors; Research Analysts; Broker Networks; Equity Trading; Institutional Investing; Financial Services Industry
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      Di Maggio, Marco, Mark Egan, and Francesco Franzoni. "The Value of Intermediation in the Stock Market." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-016, August 2019. (Revised June 2021. Accepted at the Journal of Financial Economics.)
      • Article

      Corporate Culture and Analyst Catering

      By: Joseph Pacelli
      This study examines the relation between financial institutions’ corporate culture and the quality of analysts’ research services. Using data collected from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, I measure the weakness of financial institutions’ corporate culture... View Details
      Keywords: Analysts; Corporate Culture; Global Settlement; Financial Institutions; Organizational Culture; Conflict of Interests; Performance; Quality
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      Pacelli, Joseph. "Corporate Culture and Analyst Catering." Journal of Accounting & Economics 67, no. 1 (February 2019): 120–143.
      • January 2019
      • Supplement

      Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis

      By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
      In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Luckily, an old consumer research study on the Nestlé Crunch Bar... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Market Research; Brand Positioning; Value Proposition; Consumer Products; Fast Moving Consumer Goods; Qualitative Methods; Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique; ZMET; Data Analysis; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Communications; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Advertising Industry; United States; North America; Italy
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      Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis." Harvard Business School Supplement 519-062, January 2019.
      • January 2019
      • Case

      Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar: A Market Research Case

      By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
      In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Under the terms of the Nestlé acquisition, each of the purchased... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Equity; Marketing; Market Research; Qualitative Research; Marketing Communication; Customer Satisfaction; Brands and Branding; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Communications; Marketing Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; North America; Italy
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      Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar: A Market Research Case." Harvard Business School Case 519-061, January 2019.
      • May 2018 (Revised June 2018)
      • Case

      Cowen Inc.: Leveraging Data

      By: Boris Groysberg, Sarah Abbott and Annelena Lobb
      Cowen Inc.’s broker-dealer, Cowen and Company, LLC, boasted a number of analysts who had made prescient stock calls on the basis of creative data analysis. Now Cowen Inc. had opened a new subsidiary, Kyber, which would attempt to monetize new data science products.... View Details
      Keywords: Data Science; Equity Research; Research Analysts; Investment; Analytics and Data Science; Equity; Research; Analysis; Competitive Strategy
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      Groysberg, Boris, Sarah Abbott, and Annelena Lobb. "Cowen Inc.: Leveraging Data." Harvard Business School Case 418-035, May 2018. (Revised June 2018.)
      • May 2018
      • Article

      Linda Babcock: Go-getter and Do-gooder

      By: Max Bazerman, Iris Bohnet, Hannah Riley-Bowles and George Loewenstein
      In this tribute to the 2007 recipient of the Jeffrey Z. Rubin Theory‐To‐Practice Award from the International Association for Conflict Management (IACM), we celebrate Linda Babcock's contributions to diverse lines of research, her tireless and effective efforts to put... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Biography; Research; Negotiation; Leadership; Practice
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      Bazerman, Max, Iris Bohnet, Hannah Riley-Bowles, and George Loewenstein. "Linda Babcock: Go-getter and Do-gooder." Negotiation and Conflict Management Research 11, no. 2 (May 2018): 130–145.
      • Fall 2017
      • Article

      An Empirical Analysis of Investment Return Dispersion in Emerging Markets Private Equity

      By: Josh Lerner and Mark Baker
      The authors use transaction-level data to compare the dispersion of private equity (PE) returns in emerging markets (EMs) to the same in developed markets (DMs). They regress within-market absolute deviation from the mean on an EM indicator and controls. They find... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Emerging Markets; Investment Return; Analysis
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      Lerner, Josh, and Mark Baker. "An Empirical Analysis of Investment Return Dispersion in Emerging Markets Private Equity." Journal of Private Equity 20, no. 4 (Fall 2017): 15–24.
      • April 3, 2016
      • Guest Column

      The Power of C.E.O. Activism: How Politically Outspoken Executives Sway Public (and Consumer) Opinion

      By: Aaron K. Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
      Some CEOs are making news by taking public stances on controversial social issues largely unrelated to their core business. This article summarizes the insights from our research paper that shows that such "CEO activism" can influence public opinion and consumer... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership & Corporate Accountability; Non-market Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility; Politics; Political Influence; Political Strategy; Political Risk; Equity; Gender; Climate Change; Communication Strategy; Law; Leadership; Brands and Branding; Media; Problems and Challenges; Civil Society or Community; Social Issues; Public Opinion; United States; Georgia (state, US); North Carolina; Indiana; Indianapolis
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      Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "The Power of C.E.O. Activism: How Politically Outspoken Executives Sway Public (and Consumer) Opinion." Grey Matter. New York Times (April 3, 2016), SR10.
      • July–August 2013
      • Article

      A Joint Model of Usage and Churn in Contractual Settings

      By: Eva Ascarza and Bruce G.S. Hardie
      As firms become more customer-centric, concepts such as customer equity come to the fore. Any serious attempt to quantify customer equity requires modeling techniques that can provide accurate multiperiod forecasts of customer behavior. Although a number of researchers... View Details
      Keywords: Churn; Retention; Contractual Settings; Access Services; Hidden Markov Models; RFM; Latent Variable Models; Customer Value and Value Chain; Consumer Behavior
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      Ascarza, Eva, and Bruce G.S. Hardie. "A Joint Model of Usage and Churn in Contractual Settings." Marketing Science 32, no. 4 (July–August 2013): 570–590.
      • 2013
      • Book

      Wall Street Research: Past, Present, and Future

      By: Boris Groysberg and Paul M. Healy
      Wall Street equity analysts provide research products and services on publicly-traded companies to institutional and retail investors to help them make more profitable investment decisions. During the last ten years Wall Street research has been battered by a series of... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Analysts; Investment Banks; Conflicts Of Interest; Accounting; Financial Institutions; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Groysberg, Boris, and Paul M. Healy. Wall Street Research: Past, Present, and Future. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 2013.
      • May 2013
      • Article

      The Stock Selection and Performance of Buy-Side Analysts

      By: Boris Groysberg, Paul Healy, George Serafeim and Devin Shanthikumar
      Prior research on equity analysts focuses almost exclusively on those employed by sell-side investment banks and brokerage houses. Yet investment firms undertake their own buy-side research and their analysts face different stock selection and recommendation incentives... View Details
      Keywords: Buy-side Analysts; Sell-side Analysts; Stock Recommendations; Recommendation Optimism; Recommendation Performance; Investment Recommendations; Conflicts Of Interest; Financial Markets; Financial Institutions; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Groysberg, Boris, Paul Healy, George Serafeim, and Devin Shanthikumar. "The Stock Selection and Performance of Buy-Side Analysts." Management Science 59, no. 5 (May 2013): 1062–1075.
      • September 2012 (Revised November 2014)
      • Case

      Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma

      By: Elie Ofek and Natalie Kindred
      How should Eli Lilly further develop and market a new indication of its highly successful erectile-dysfunction (ED) drug, Cialis, without confusing Cialis's hard-won brand equity with physicians and patients? With the final stages of clinical trials for the new... View Details
      Keywords: Product Positioning; Attitudes; Brands and Branding; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Ofek, Elie, and Natalie Kindred. "Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 513-005, September 2012. (Revised November 2014.)
      • 2012
      • Article

      Mutual Fund Trading Pressure: Firm-Level Stock Price Impact and Timing of SEOs

      By: Mozaffar N. Khan, Leonid Kogan and George Serafeim
      In tests of the equity market timing theory of external finance, the prior literature has used overvaluation identifiers such as high market-to-book and high prior returns that are likely correlated with other determinants of SEOs. We use price pressure resulting from... View Details
      Keywords: Equity; Market Transactions; Valuation; Capital Structure; Market Timing; Mathematical Methods; Acquisition
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      Khan, Mozaffar N., Leonid Kogan, and George Serafeim. "Mutual Fund Trading Pressure: Firm-Level Stock Price Impact and Timing of SEOs." Journal of Finance 67, no. 4 (August 2012): 1371–1395.
      • 2012
      • Working Paper

      Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO

      By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Julie Wulf
      Performance-based pay is an important instrument to align the interests of managers with the interests of shareholders. However, recent evidence suggests that high-powered incentives also provide managers with incentives to manipulate the firm's reported earnings. The... View Details
      Keywords: Compensation and Benefits; Interests; Business and Shareholder Relations; Motivation and Incentives; Earnings Management; Performance Evaluation; Stock Options
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      Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Julie Wulf. "Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO ." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-056, January 2012. (Revised August 2012.)
      • May 2011
      • Case

      Oriental Fortune Capital: Building a Better Stock Exchange

      By: Josh Lerner and Keith Chi-ho Wong
      When ChiNext opened in October 2009 as the second tier market of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE), it aimed to provide Chinese entrepreneurs with equity capital and to facilitate the exits of venture capital firms and other investors which had previously relied on... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Markets; Stocks; Financial Markets; Venture Capital; Private Equity; International Finance; Financial Services Industry; China
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      Lerner, Josh, and Keith Chi-ho Wong. "Oriental Fortune Capital: Building a Better Stock Exchange." Harvard Business School Case 811-105, May 2011.
      • May – June 2011
      • Article

      Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth: How High Status Individuals Decrease Group Effectiveness

      By: Boris Groysberg, Jeffrey T. Polzer and Hillary Anger Elfenbein
      Can groups become effective simply by assembling high status individual performers? Though an affirmative answer may seem straightforward on the surface, this answer becomes more complicated when group members benefit from collaborating on interdependent tasks.... View Details
      Keywords: Groups and Teams; Equity; Theory; Human Resources; Integration; Body of Literature; Performance Effectiveness; Status and Position; Experience and Expertise
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      Groysberg, Boris, Jeffrey T. Polzer, and Hillary Anger Elfenbein. "Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth: How High Status Individuals Decrease Group Effectiveness." Organization Science 22, no. 3 (May–June 2011): 722–737.
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