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- 2012
- Working Paper
Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Julie Wulf
Performance-based pay is an important instrument to align the interests of managers with the interests of shareholders. However, recent evidence suggests that high-powered incentives also provide managers with incentives to manipulate the firm's reported earnings. The... View Details
Keywords: Compensation and Benefits; Interests; Business and Shareholder Relations; Motivation and Incentives; Earnings Management; Performance Evaluation; Stock Options
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Julie Wulf. "Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO ." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-056, January 2012. (Revised August 2012.)
- Article
Can Mutual Fund Managers Pick Stocks? Evidence from Their Trades Prior to Earnings Announcements
By: Malcolm Baker, Lubomir Litov, Jessica Wachter and Jeffrey Wurgler
We consider measures of stock-picking skill of mutual fund managers based on the earnings announcement returns of the stocks that they hold and trade. Relative to standard approaches, this approach focuses on an especially informative subset of the returns data,... View Details
Baker, Malcolm, Lubomir Litov, Jessica Wachter, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Can Mutual Fund Managers Pick Stocks? Evidence from Their Trades Prior to Earnings Announcements." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 45, no. 5 (October 2010): 1111 –1131.
- 07 Feb 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO
Keywords: by Felix Oberholzer-Gee & Julie Wulf
- 16 Sep 2013
- Research & Ideas
Earnings Calls That Get Lost in Translation
The CEO's key to a successful earnings call with investors? Crystal clear communication. Earnings calls are typically held after the release of quarterly earnings, allowing company executives a chance to... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman
- January 2010
- Article
Does Public Ownership of Equity Improve Earnings Quality?
We compare the quality of accounting numbers produced by two types of public firms-those with publicly traded equity and those with privately held equity that are nonetheless considered public by virtue of having publicly traded debt. We develop and test two... View Details
- December 1999
- Article
A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and its Implications for Standard Setting
By: Paul M. Healy and James Wahlen
Healy, Paul M., and James Wahlen. "A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and its Implications for Standard Setting." Accounting Horizons (December 1999).
- April 1982 (Revised June 1985)
- Case
Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis
Westinghouse had just issued its annual report to shareholders for the year ending December 31, 1973. The report indicates that sales have increased to a record $5.7 billion but that net income is down almost 20% from its record level of $199 million in the previous... View Details
Bartczak, Norman. "Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis." Harvard Business School Case 182-239, April 1982. (Revised June 1985.)
- 23 Apr 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Does Public Ownership of Equity Improve Earnings Quality?
- June 18, 2014
- Blog Post
How to Kill Quarterly Earnings Guidance
By: Gabriel Karageorgiou, Daniela Saltzman and George Serafeim
Karageorgiou, Gabriel, Daniela Saltzman, and George Serafeim. "How to Kill Quarterly Earnings Guidance." HBR Blog Network (June 18, 2014). http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/06/how-to-kill-quarterly-earnings-guidance/.
- 06 Feb 2006
- What Do You Think?
Should CEOs of Public Companies Offer Earnings Guidance?
it may become part of a larger debate in 2006 about added pressures on managers to produce short-term earnings regardless of the impact on the long-term health of the business. In his annual year-end letter... View Details
- 08 Oct 2018
- Research & Ideas
Knowing What Your Boss Earns Can Make You Work Harder
francescoch Learning that a co-worker earns more than you can decrease your job performance while increasing the likelihood of you searching for a new job, according to a new research study. On the other hand, learning what your View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
- 06 May 2002
- Research & Ideas
Profits for Nonprofits: Earning Your Own Way
"Pay our own way? No way." Not long ago, that was the mantra of many a proud nonprofit organization, living on the largesse of government grants and private donations. But with those income sources drying up, suddenly nonprofits are learning to View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
- November 1999
- Background Note
Recognizing Revenues and Expenses: Realized and Earned
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Describes a key concept in financial accounting: choosing an appropriate revenue recognition point. The accrual process requires revenue recognition and expense matching for reporting on the value creation process of companies. Describes the two key criteria for... View Details
Keywords: Accounting Audits; Accrual Accounting; Cost Accounting; Budgets and Budgeting; Revenue; Profit; Cost Management; Value Creation; Competitive Strategy; Financial Statements; Accounting Industry
Kaplan, Robert S. "Recognizing Revenues and Expenses: Realized and Earned." Harvard Business School Background Note 100-050, November 1999.
- December 2011
- Article
Manager-Specific Effects on Earnings Guidance: An Analysis of Top Executive Turnovers
By: Francois Brochet, Lucile Faurel and Sarah McVay
We investigate how managers contribute to the provision of earnings guidance by examining the association between top executive turnovers and guidance. Although firm and industry characteristics are important determinants of guidance, we conclude that CEOs participate... View Details
Keywords: Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Management Teams; Policy; Decisions; Change; Risk and Uncertainty; Leadership
Brochet, Francois, Lucile Faurel, and Sarah McVay. "Manager-Specific Effects on Earnings Guidance: An Analysis of Top Executive Turnovers." Journal of Accounting Research 49, no. 5 (December 2011).
- September 2015
- Article
Speaking of the Short-Term: Disclosure Horizon and Managerial Myopia
By: Francois Brochet, Maria Loumioti and George Serafeim
We study conference calls as a voluntary disclosure channel and create a proxy for the time horizon that senior executives emphasize in their communications. We find that our measure of disclosure time horizon is associated with capital market pressures and executives'... View Details
Keywords: Short-termism; Management Styles; Disclosure; Conference Calls; Investing; Earnings Management; Motivation and Incentives; Management Style; Forms of Communication
Brochet, Francois, Maria Loumioti, and George Serafeim. "Speaking of the Short-Term: Disclosure Horizon and Managerial Myopia." Review of Accounting Studies 20, no. 3 (September 2015): 1122–1163.
- 30 Apr 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Earnings Quality and Ownership Structure: The Role of Private Equity Sponsors
- 2010
- Working Paper
Just Say No to Wall Street: Putting A Stop to the Earnings Game
By: Joseph Fuller and Michael C. Jensen
Putting an end to the "earnings game" requires that CEOs reclaim the initiative by avoiding earnings guidance and managing expectations in such a way that their stocks trade reasonably close to their intrinsic value. In place of earnings forecasts, management should... View Details
Keywords: Stocks; Performance Expectations; Goals and Objectives; Risk and Uncertainty; Growth and Development Strategy; Decisions; Risk Management; Budgets and Budgeting; Earnings Management; Value; Projects
Fuller, Joseph, and Michael C. Jensen. "Just Say No to Wall Street: Putting A Stop to the Earnings Game." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-090, April 2010.
- July 2017
- Article
What Do Measures of Real-Time Corporate Sales Tell Us About Earnings Surprises and Post-announcement Returns?
By: Kenneth A. Froot, Namho Kang, Gideon Ozik and Ronnie Sadka
We develop real-time proxies of retail corporate sales from multiple sources, including approximately 50 million mobile devices. These measures contain information from both the earnings quarter (within quarter) and the period between that quarter's end and the... View Details
Froot, Kenneth A., Namho Kang, Gideon Ozik, and Ronnie Sadka. "What Do Measures of Real-Time Corporate Sales Tell Us About Earnings Surprises and Post-announcement Returns?" Journal of Financial Economics 125, no. 1 (July 2017): 143–162. (Revised from NBER Working Paper No. 22366, June 2016, Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 16-123, April 2016.)
- September 2005 (Revised January 2006)
- Supplement
Restating Revenues and Earnings at INVESTools, Inc. (B)
By: Michael D. Kimbrough and F. Warren McFarlan
Kimbrough, Michael D., and F. Warren McFarlan. "Restating Revenues and Earnings at INVESTools, Inc. (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 106-010, September 2005. (Revised January 2006.)
- September 2005 (Revised January 2006)
- Supplement
Restating Revenues and Earnings at INVESTools, Inc. (D)
By: Michael D. Kimbrough and F. Warren McFarlan
Kimbrough, Michael D., and F. Warren McFarlan. "Restating Revenues and Earnings at INVESTools, Inc. (D)." Harvard Business School Supplement 106-013, September 2005. (Revised January 2006.)