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- All HBS Web (120)
- Faculty Publications (35)
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- All HBS Web (120)
- Faculty Publications (35)
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- March 2001 (Revised April 2001)
- Case
General Electric 2000: Quality of Earnings Assessment
By: David F. Hawkins
A financial analyst reviews General Electric's financial reports to learn more about U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and how they differs from international accounting standards. View Details
Keywords: Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Accounting Audits; International Accounting; Consumer Products Industry; Technology Industry; United States
Hawkins, David F. "General Electric 2000: Quality of Earnings Assessment." Harvard Business School Case 101-091, March 2001. (Revised April 2001.)
- Fall 2016
- Article
The Integrity of Private Third-party Compliance Monitoring
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Government agencies are increasingly turning to private, third-party monitors to inspect and assess regulated entities’ compliance with law. The integrity of these regulatory regimes rests on the validity of the information third-party monitors provide to regulators.... View Details
Keywords: Regulation; Compliance; Compliance Policies; Conflict Of Interest; Independent Third Party; Inspection; Audit Quality; Auditor; Audit; Environment; Safety; Conflict of Interests; Working Conditions; Labor; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Governance Compliance; Accounting Audits
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "The Integrity of Private Third-party Compliance Monitoring." Administrative & Regulatory Law News 42, no. 1 (Fall 2016): 22–25.
- 2015
- Working Paper
The Integrity of Private Third-party Compliance Monitoring
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Government agencies are increasingly turning to private, third-party monitors to inspect and assess regulated entities’ compliance with law. The integrity of these regulatory regimes rests on the validity of the information third-party monitors provide to regulators.... View Details
Keywords: Regulation; Compliance; Compliance Policies; Conflict Of Interest; Independent Third Party; Inspection; Audit Quality; Auditor; Audit; Environment; Production; Supply Chain; Quality; Government Administration; Working Conditions; Safety; Labor; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governance Compliance; Manufacturing Industry; Public Administration Industry; Accounting Industry; Service Industry; United States
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "The Integrity of Private Third-party Compliance Monitoring." Harvard Kennedy School Regulatory Policy Program Working Paper, No. RPP-2015-20, November 2015. (Revised December 2015.)
- 17 Jul 2014
- Panel Discussion
Monitoring the Monitors: How Social Factors Influence Supply Chain Auditors
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Keywords: CSR; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Social Responsibility; Outsourced Production; Outsourcing; Sustainability; Sustainability Management; Auditing; Audit Quality; Gender; Conflicts Of Interest; Bias; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Electronics Industry; Manufacturing Industry; China; India; Pakistan; Bangladesh; Mexico; Brazil; Viet Nam; Indonesia; Philippines; Sri Lanka; Taiwan; South Korea
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Monitoring the Monitors: How Social Factors Influence Supply Chain Auditors." Elevate Limited Webinar, July 17, 2014. (Webinar coordinated by Elevate Limited.)
- March 2025
- Case
Calyx Global: Rating Carbon Credits
By: Michael W. Toffel and Adam Chen
This case describes how rating agencies and other organizations are seeking to improve the quality of carbon credits sold in the voluntary carbon market to organizations seeking to use them to supplement their internal decarbonization efforts to meet their net zero... View Details
Keywords: Service Design; Certification; Auditing; Auditor Reputation; Carbon Credits; Carbon; Rating Agency Disagreement; Ratings; Climate Change; Business Model; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Conflict of Interests; Reputation; Business Strategy
Toffel, Michael W., and Adam Chen. "Calyx Global: Rating Carbon Credits." Harvard Business School Case 625-102, March 2025.
- 2013
- Article
Non-Audit Services and Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from 1978–1980
By: Kevin Koh, Shiva Rajgopal and Suraj Srinivasan
We provide evidence for the long-standing concern on auditor conflicts of interest from providing non-audit services (NAS) to audit clients by using rarely explored NAS fee data from 1978 to 1980. Using this earlier setting, we find cross-sectional evidence of improved... View Details
Keywords: Conflict of Interests; Financial Reporting; Accounting Audits; Knowledge Dissemination; Quality; Corporate Disclosure; Motivation and Incentives
Koh, Kevin, Shiva Rajgopal, and Suraj Srinivasan. "Non-Audit Services and Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from 1978–1980." Review of Accounting Studies 18, no. 1 (March 2013): 1–33.
- 2011
- Working Paper
Non-Audit Services and Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from 1978-1980
By: Kevin Koh, Shiva Rajgopal and Suraj Srinivasan
We provide evidence for the long-standing concern on auditor conflicts of interest from providing non-audit services (NAS) to audit clients by using rarely explored NAS fee data from 1978 to 1980. Using this earlier setting, we find cross-sectional evidence of improved... View Details
Keywords: Accounting Audits; Financial Reporting; Stocks; Price; Corporate Disclosure; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Service Delivery; Quality; Research
Koh, Kevin, Shiva Rajgopal, and Suraj Srinivasan. "Non-Audit Services and Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from 1978-1980." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-002, July 2011.
- 18 Aug 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Non-Audit Services and Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from 1978-1980
- 22 Feb 2021
- Working Paper Summaries
Auditor Independence and Outsourcing: Aligning Incentives to Mitigate Shilling and Shirking
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Market for Healthcare in Low Income Countries
By: Abhijit Banerjee, Abhijit Chowdhury, Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer, Reshmaan Hussam and Aakash Mohpal
Patient trust is an important driver of the demand for healthcare. But it may also impact supply:
doctors who realize that patients may not trust them may adjust their behavior in response. We
assemble a large dataset that assesses clinical performance using... View Details
Banerjee, Abhijit, Abhijit Chowdhury, Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer, Reshmaan Hussam, and Aakash Mohpal. "The Market for Healthcare in Low Income Countries." Working Paper, July 2023.
- 08 Sep 2003
- Research & Ideas
A Bold Proposal for Investment Reform
critical look at companies' financial statements. Stock exchanges could fund the cost of audits through a modest transactions charge. Q: In your article you argue that the availability of high quality... View Details
- January 2012 (Revised May 2013)
- Case
Integrated Assurance at Philips Electronics N.V.
By: Robert G. Eccles and Daniela Saltzman
Philips Electronics is a leader in integrated reporting. In 2010 it produced its third generation report. Since its first report in 2008, Philips' integrated reports and its integrated reporting website had grown in sophistication. In planning for its integrated report... View Details
Eccles, Robert G., and Daniela Saltzman. "Integrated Assurance at Philips Electronics N.V." Harvard Business School Case 412-054, January 2012. (Revised May 2013.)
- 06 Apr 2010
- First Look
First Look: April 6
new data, methodology, and findings presented in this study. Download the paper: http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/10-072.pdf Audit Quality and Auditor Reputation: Evidence from Japan Authors: Douglas Skinner... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- Research Summary
Corporate transparency and information disclosure strategies
This research focuses on transparency and information disclosure strategies, a topic of growing importance in environmental sustainability, corporate strategy, stakeholder relations, and public policy. My prior research in this area explored why... View Details
- 09 Apr 2007
- Research & Ideas
Industry Self-Regulation: What’s Working (and What’s Not)?
to win? You can think about this in terms of technology standards, and those lessons are likely to have insight for creating standards in other domains like labor and environment. For instance, we learned how networks of firms have developed self-regulation initiatives... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
- 27 Jan 2015
- First Look
First Look: January 27
health care providers have devoted significant efforts to improve performance regarding patient safety and quality of care. To address the lagging involvement of health care providers in the cost component of the value equation, UCLA... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- February 1994 (Revised May 1995)
- Case
Metallgesellschaft AG
By: David F. Hawkins and Guy J. Weyns
Metallgesellschaft AG is a commodity and engineering conglomerate based in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Metallgesellschaft Corp., a New York based subsidiary of the group, has made oil trading and hedging errors that could drive the group into insolvency. The impact of... View Details
Keywords: Accounting Audits; Business Conglomerates; Forecasting and Prediction; Trade; Non-Renewable Energy
Hawkins, David F., and Guy J. Weyns. "Metallgesellschaft AG." Harvard Business School Case 194-097, February 1994. (Revised May 1995.)
- Research Summary
Overview
By: Ethan C. Rouen
Relying on empirical archival methodologies—as well as techniques in data science—to develop and structure new sources of data by which to approach questions of looming disclosure changes, Professor Rouen has focused on one of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s... View Details
- 24 Feb 2015
- First Look
First Look: February 24
adequacy, actuarial standards, accounting standards, and auditing practice. In these areas, corporate managers and financial experts such as auditors and bankers possess the technical expertise necessary for informed regulation, enjoy... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- December 2010
- Article
The Case for Professional Boards
By: Robert C. Pozen
When the world's largest financial institutions had to be rescued from insolvency in 2008, many experts laid the blame at the feet of corporate boards. But insufficient board oversight is a problem that had supposedly been solved in 2002. As the United States... View Details
Keywords: Financial Institutions; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Governing and Advisory Boards; Failure; Accounting Audits; Quality; Behavior; Legal Liability; Experience and Expertise; Corporate Governance; Governance Controls; Performance Effectiveness; United States
Pozen, Robert C. "The Case for Professional Boards." Harvard Business Review 88, no. 12 (December 2010).