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      • November 1999 (Revised July 2003)
      • Case

      Pre-Paid Legal Services, Inc.

      By: Paul M. Healy and Jacob Cohen
      Pre-Paid Legal Services' business model reveals two key issues--managing the sales force and sales growth and managing claims. Students analyze the economics of the business and consider how to measure firm performance, how to evaluate and reward the sales force, and... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Management; Financial Strategy; Salesforce Management; Marketing Strategy; Accrual Accounting; Business Cycles; Forecasting and Prediction; Insurance; Business Growth and Maturation; Insurance Industry
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      Healy, Paul M., and Jacob Cohen. "Pre-Paid Legal Services, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 100-037, November 1999. (Revised July 2003.)
      • December 1998
      • Case

      Casto Travel

      By: Thomas J. DeLong and Susan Harmeling
      Maryles Casto had the vision to build the largest travel agency in Silicon Valley, mirroring the growth pattern of the entire area. In 1997 the travel business changed dramatically as airlines chose not to pay travel agencies the fees they once did. Simultaneously, the... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Finance; Internet and the Web; Change Management; Markets; Travel Industry
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      DeLong, Thomas J., and Susan Harmeling. "Casto Travel." Harvard Business School Case 899-120, December 1998.
      • December 1998
      • Article

      Entrepreneurs and Business Performance in Nineteenth Century France

      By: Tom Nicholas, Elisa Boccaletti and James Foreman-Peck
      A popular explanation for the supposed "delayed industrialisation" of the nineteenth century French economy has been the inappropriate attitudes and actions of the managerial classes and family firms. To address these claims we model the supply and demand for... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Performance; Economy; Management; Success; Opportunities; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Saving; Higher Education; Training; Demand and Consumers; France
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      Nicholas, Tom, Elisa Boccaletti, and James Foreman-Peck. "Entrepreneurs and Business Performance in Nineteenth Century France." European Review of Economic History (December 1998).
      • July 1998
      • Supplement

      Bell Atlantic in Union City

      By: Rosabeth M. Kanter
      In this pioneering project to wire a school for the Internet and put computers in students' homes, Bell Atlantic combined its need for a beta site for a technology trial with the school reform efforts of the Union City, New Jersey public schools, under the leadership... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Social Enterprise; Internet and the Web; Education; Business and Community Relations; Education Industry; New Jersey
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      Kanter, Rosabeth M. "Bell Atlantic in Union City." Harvard Business School Video Supplement 399-501, July 1998.
      • June 1996 (Revised November 1996)
      • Background Note

      Economic Gains from Trade: Comparative Advantage

      By: Robert E. Kennedy and Nancy F. Koehn
      How nations trade and whether they benefit from it are two of the oldest and most important questions in political economy. In the 170 years since David Ricardo formally developed the theory of comparative advantage, it has become one of the principles most widely... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Microeconomics; Trade; Cost Management; Business and Government Relations
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      Kennedy, Robert E., and Nancy F. Koehn. "Economic Gains from Trade: Comparative Advantage." Harvard Business School Background Note 796-183, June 1996. (Revised November 1996.)
      • 1996
      • Thesis

      Limits on Interest Rate Rules in Macroeconomic Models Governed by Price Stickiness and Rational Expectations

      By: William R. Kerr
      Keywords: Interest Rates; Macroeconomics; Mathematical Methods
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      Kerr, William R. "Limits on Interest Rate Rules in Macroeconomic Models Governed by Price Stickiness and Rational Expectations." Thesis, University of Virginia, 1996.
      • February 1996 (Revised November 2003)
      • Case

      Indianapolis: Activity-Based Costing of City Services (A)

      By: Robert S. Kaplan
      A new administration in the City of Indianapolis is initially determined to privatize many municipal services. Before taking this action, however, the city managers want to know the current cost of performing these services with the municipal workers. Existing... View Details
      Keywords: Cost Management; Public Sector; Activity Based Costing and Management; Service Delivery; Privatization; City; Indianapolis
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      Kaplan, Robert S. "Indianapolis: Activity-Based Costing of City Services (A)." Harvard Business School Case 196-115, February 1996. (Revised November 2003.)
      • winter 1996
      • Article

      Forward Buying, Merchandising and Manufacturer Trade Deals: A Model

      By: R. Lal, J. D. Little and J. M. Villas-Boas
      Keywords: Trade
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      Lal, R., J. D. Little, and J. M. Villas-Boas. "Forward Buying, Merchandising and Manufacturer Trade Deals: A Model." Marketing Science (winter 1996).
      • 1996
      • Article

      Limits on Interest Rate Rules in the IS Model

      By: William R. Kerr and Robert G. King
      There has been a substantial amount of research on interest rate rules. This literature finds that the feasibility and desirability of interest rate rules depends on the structure of the model used to approximate macroeconomic reality. We employ a series of... View Details
      Keywords: Inflation and Deflation; Macroeconomics; Interest Rates; Price; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Performance Expectations
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      Kerr, William R., and Robert G. King. "Limits on Interest Rate Rules in the IS Model." Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Quarterly 82, no. 2 (1996): 47–75.
      • June 1995 (Revised October 1996)
      • Case

      Lexus and the USTR

      By: John A. Quelch
      Lexus executives and dealers in the United States are debating how to respond to the U.S. Trade Representative's announcement of 100% tariffs on 13 models of Japanese luxury imported cars. View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Taxation; Luxury; Trade; Auto Industry; Japan; United States
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      Quelch, John A. "Lexus and the USTR." Harvard Business School Case 595-127, June 1995. (Revised October 1996.)
      • April 1993 (Revised May 2009)
      • Case

      Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India: In Service for Sight, The

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan
      Starting as a modest 20-bed hospital, Aravind had grown into a 1,400-bed hospital complex by 1992. It had by then screened 3.65 million patients and performed 335,000 cataract surgeries, nearly 70% of them free of cost for the poorest of India's blind population.... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Social Marketing; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Welfare; Expansion; Health Industry; India
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India: In Service for Sight, The." Harvard Business School Case 593-098, April 1993. (Revised May 2009.)
      • September 1990
      • Article

      Competition on Many Fronts: A Stackelberg Signaling Equilibrium

      By: Jerry R. Green and Jean-Jacques Laffont
      An economic agent, the incumbent, is operating in many environments at the same time. These may be locations, markets, or specific activities. He is informed of the particular conditions relevant to each situation. His action in each case is observable by another... View Details
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      Green, Jerry R., and Jean-Jacques Laffont. "Competition on Many Fronts: A Stackelberg Signaling Equilibrium." Games and Economic Behavior 2, no. 3 (September 1990): 247–272.
      • Article

      Measuring the Effectiveness of Competition in Defense Procurement: A Survey of the Empirical Literature

      By: James J. Anton and Dennis A. Yao
      This article surveys the literature that has attempted to measure competition's effects on defense procurement. The focus is on conceptual underpinnings of models rather than technical aspects of estimation procedures. While providing valuable insight, the models are... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Effectiveness; Competition; Surveys; Value; Economics; Forecasting and Prediction; Programs; Power and Influence; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques
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      Anton, James J., and Dennis A. Yao. "Measuring the Effectiveness of Competition in Defense Procurement: A Survey of the Empirical Literature." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 9, no. 1 (Winter 1990): 60–79. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
      • Article

      Fly-by-Night Firms and the Market for Product Reviews

      By: Gerald R. Faulhaber and Dennis A. Yao
      This paper presents a model that permits third-party information provision in a market characterized by information asymmetries and reputation formation. The model is used to examine how the market for information provision affects prices and supply in the primary... View Details
      Keywords: Markets; Reputation; SWOT Analysis; Mathematical Methods; Price Bubble; Inflation and Deflation; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Cost; Information; Quality; Price; Competitive Advantage; Information Industry
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      Faulhaber, Gerald R., and Dennis A. Yao. "Fly-by-Night Firms and the Market for Product Reviews." Journal of Industrial Economics 38, no. 1 (September 1989): 65–77. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
      • August 1989 (Revised November 1994)
      • Case

      Nissan Motor Co. Ltd.: Marketing Strategy for the European Market

      By: John A. Quelch
      Nissan executives are reviewing their European marketing strategy in light of the 1992 European Community (EC) market integration program and the likely end of bilateral import quotas on Japanese cars by some EC countries. Having recently established a manufacturing... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Resource Allocation; Market Entry and Exit; Trade; Auto Industry; Japan; United Kingdom; Europe
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      Quelch, John A. "Nissan Motor Co. Ltd.: Marketing Strategy for the European Market." Harvard Business School Case 590-018, August 1989. (Revised November 1994.)
      • July 1986 (Revised August 1987)
      • Background Note

      Note on Comparative Advantage

      By: David B. Yoffie and John J. Coleman
      Discusses David Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage and the refinement of his model developed by Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin. Presents several criticisms of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, including Wassily Leontief's empirical demonstration that the nature of... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Forecasting and Prediction; Macroeconomics; Trade; Theory
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      Yoffie, David B., and John J. Coleman. "Note on Comparative Advantage." Harvard Business School Background Note 387-023, July 1986. (Revised August 1987.)
      • 1982
      • Chapter

      On the Mathematics and Economic Assumptions of Continuous-Time Financial Models

      By: Robert C. Merton
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Economics; Finance
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      Merton, Robert C. "On the Mathematics and Economic Assumptions of Continuous-Time Financial Models." In Financial Economics: Essays in Honor of Paul Cootner, edited by W. F. Sharpe and C. M. Cootner. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1982. (Chapter 3 in Continuous-Time Finance.)
      • Article

      Physician-Induced Demand for Medical Care

      By: Jerry R. Green
      This paper addresses the theoretical models designed to ascertain the existence of a variable level of physicians' activity in shifting the demand of their patients. Two basic approaches are followed: equilibrium models of the demand for health care, and disequilibrium... View Details
      Keywords: Physicians; Economic Equilibrium; Monopolistic Competition; Economic Competition; Medical Care
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      Green, Jerry R. "Physician-Induced Demand for Medical Care." Special Issue on National Bureau of Economic Research Conference on the Economics of Physician and Patient Behavior. Journal of Human Resources 13, Suppl. (1978).
      • 1977
      • Working Paper

      Mitigating Demographic Risk Through Social Insurance

      By: Jerry R. Green
      A two-period lifetime overlapping generations growth model is used to evaluate the possibility that social insurance can effectively offset economic risks associated with uncertainty about the rate of population growth. Crude measures of the seriousness of this type of... View Details
      Keywords: Social Insurance; Econometric Models; Public Sector; Government Administration; Policy; Human Needs; Social Issues; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Green, Jerry R. "Mitigating Demographic Risk Through Social Insurance." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 215, November 1977.
      • August 1976
      • Article

      A Model of Economic Growth With Altruism Between Generations

      By: Elon Kohlberg
      Keywords: Economics; Growth and Development; Relationships
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      Kohlberg, Elon. "A Model of Economic Growth With Altruism Between Generations." Journal of Economic Theory 13, no. 1 (August 1976): 1–13.
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