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- July 1993 (Revised September 1995)
- Supplement
Block 16: Ecuadorian Government's Perspective
By: Malcolm S. Salter and Susan E.A. Hall
Supplements Block 16: Conoco's Green Oil Strategy (A). Provides the government perspective on Conoco's Ecuadorian strategy. Designed to be distributed to students who will be playing the role of Ecuadorian government officials. View Details
Keywords: Policy; Business or Company Management; Resource Allocation; Marketing Strategy; Natural Environment; Environmental Sustainability; Perspective; Corporate Strategy
Salter, Malcolm S., and Susan E.A. Hall. "Block 16: Ecuadorian Government's Perspective." Harvard Business School Supplement 394-002, July 1993. (Revised September 1995.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Decarbonization Factors
By: Alex Cheema-Fox, Bridget LaPerla, George Serafeim, David Turkington and Hui (Stacie) Wang
In the face of accelerating climate change, investors are making capital allocations seeking to decarbonize portfolios by reducing the carbon emissions of their holdings. To understand the performance of portfolio decarbonization strategies and investor behavior... View Details
Keywords: ESG; Investment Management; Factor Investing; Investor Behavior; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Investment; Management
Cheema-Fox, Alex, Bridget LaPerla, George Serafeim, David Turkington, and Hui (Stacie) Wang. "Decarbonization Factors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-037, September 2019. (Revised November 2019.)
- Spring 2012
- Article
Sustainability at Dow Chemical
By: Robert G. Eccles, Kathleen M. Perkins and Mark Weick
Dow Chemical Company, which was founded in 1894, is now the second-largest chemical company in the world. From the outset, the company has been committed to high-technology research and commercial innovation in chemistry, advanced materials, and agro-sciences. But if... View Details
Keywords: Value Creation; Corporate Strategy; Chemicals; Environmental Sustainability; Innovation and Invention; Chemical Industry
Eccles, Robert G., Kathleen M. Perkins, and Mark Weick. "Sustainability at Dow Chemical." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 24, no. 2 (Spring 2012): 38–44.
- March 1996
- Article
Does it Pay to be Green? An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Emission Reduction and Firm Performance
By: Stuart L. Hart and Gautam Ahuja
Evidence can be marshalled to support either the view that pollution abatement is a cost burden on firms and is detrimental to competitiveness, or that reducing emissions increases efficiency and saves money, giving firms a cost advantage. In an effort to resolve this... View Details
Keywords: Competitive Advantage; Performance Efficiency; Environmental Sustainability; Business Strategy
Hart, Stuart L., and Gautam Ahuja. "Does it Pay to be Green? An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Emission Reduction and Firm Performance." Business Strategy and the Environment 5, no. 1 (March 1996): 30–37.
- November 2019
- Supplement
Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
A new environmental regulation known as IMO 2020 was creating what one industry analyst called “the biggest shakeup for the oil and shipping industries in decades.” According to the new regulation, all ocean-going ships would have to limit their sulfur emissions by... View Details
- February 2004 (Revised June 2004)
- Case
Freeport Mine, Irian Jaya, Indonesia, The: "Tailings & Failings" - Stakeholder Analysis
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Arthur McCaffrey
Chronicles the development of Freeport's nearly 30 years of mining operations in Indonesia. Building on a mining concession awarded by the country's government, headed by General Suharto, in 1973, Freeport steadily built its mining output to nearly 200,000 cubic... View Details
Keywords: History; Situation or Environment; Private Sector; Economic Growth; Power and Influence; Business and Government Relations; Growth and Development Strategy; Mining Industry; Indonesia
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Arthur McCaffrey. Freeport Mine, Irian Jaya, Indonesia, The: "Tailings & Failings" - Stakeholder Analysis. Harvard Business School Case 504-061, February 2004. (Revised June 2004.)
- November 2019
- Case
Hapag-Lloyd AG:Complying with IMO 2020
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
A new environmental regulation known as IMO 2020 was creating what one industry analyst called “the biggest shakeup for the oil and shipping industries in decades.” According to the new regulation, all ocean-going ships would have to limit their sulfur emissions by... View Details
Keywords: Valuation; Ship Transportation; Strategic Planning; Game Theory; Pollutants; Supply Chain; Corporate Accountability; Capital Budgeting; Environmental Sustainability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governance Compliance; Shipping Industry; Transportation Industry; Germany
Esty, Benjamin C., Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej, and Emer Moloney. "Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020." Harvard Business School Case 220-003, November 2019.
- December 2023
- Case
Raízen: Helping to Decarbonize the World?
By: Gunnar Trumbull, Pedro Levindo, Daniel Tong and Rafaella Mazza
Raízen, the world’s largest sugar and ethanol producer, strived to find ways to expand the second-generation ethanol (E2G) market, which it pioneered. The company planned to invest R$24 billion (around $4.6 billion) in 20 production plants, with a total capacity to... View Details
Keywords: Plant-Based Agribusiness; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Renewable Energy; Environmental Sustainability; Production; Expansion; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Energy Industry; Brazil; Europe; North America; United States; Argentina; Paraguay
Trumbull, Gunnar, Pedro Levindo, Daniel Tong, and Rafaella Mazza. "Raízen: Helping to Decarbonize the World?" Harvard Business School Case 724-014, December 2023.
- August 2021 (Revised May 2022)
- Background Note
Oil: History, Present and Future
By: Jurgen Weiss
This background note is intended to provide context for a discussion of the strategies for big integrated oil companies in light of both oil’s current role in the global energy system and the uncertainty about changes going forward. View Details
Keywords: Oil; Energy Markets; Oil Prices; Oil Companies; Decarbonization; Non-Renewable Energy; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Globalized Markets and Industries
Weiss, Jurgen. "Oil: History, Present and Future." Harvard Business School Background Note 722-011, August 2021. (Revised May 2022.)
- 02 Oct 2006
- Research & Ideas
Negotiating in Three Dimensions
Business School and a principal of Lax Sebenius LLC, a negotiation strategy firm. He also serves on the Executive Committee of the Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School. David A. Lax, a former faculty member at Harvard Business... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
- April 2005 (Revised November 2008)
- Case
Banco Real: Banking on Sustainability
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho
ABN AMRO REAL made corporate social responsibility central to its brand, adding to customer focus and reflecting its values. Leaders developed the Bank of Value theme and implemented it through activities such as microfinance in poor communities, environmentally... View Details
Keywords: Brands and Branding; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho. "Banco Real: Banking on Sustainability." Harvard Business School Case 305-100, April 2005. (Revised November 2008.)
- April 8, 2025
- Article
Creating Workplaces Free of Forever Chemicals
By: Joseph G. Allen, Heather A. Henrikson and Michael W. Toffel
Forever chemicals are toxic and widely used in buildings and yet they remain on the rise globally with little regulation to control them. In the United States, for example, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations currently cover only forever chemicals in... View Details
Keywords: Occupational Health; Safety Regulations; Regulation; Working Conditions; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Safety; Health
Allen, Joseph G., Heather A. Henrikson, and Michael W. Toffel. "Creating Workplaces Free of Forever Chemicals." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 8, 2025).
- December 2007 (Revised February 2017)
- Case
Vegpro Group: Growing in Harmony
By: David E. Bell, Brian Milder and Mary Shelman
Vegpro, a horticulture company, is Kenya's largest exporter of fresh vegetables and flowers to top supermarkets in the U.K. and Europe. In 2007, Vegpro's business is threatened by growing consumer concern about the environmental impact of food production and transport,... View Details
Keywords: Customer Satisfaction; Developing Countries and Economies; Ethics; Food; Growth and Development Strategy; Operations; Environmental Sustainability; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Kenya; Europe; United Kingdom
Bell, David E., Brian Milder, and Mary Shelman. "Vegpro Group: Growing in Harmony." Harvard Business School Case 508-001, December 2007. (Revised February 2017.)
- January 2021
- Case
Digital Transformation 2.0: CEO Elie Girard at Atos
By: Tsedal Neeley and James Barnett
Elie Girard has taken the helm as CEO of Atos—multinational IT giant—to lead the company into the next era of digital transformation. Noticing that customers’ digital needs were evolving to become even more specialized and global in scope, he made a bold first step as... View Details
Neeley, Tsedal, and James Barnett. "Digital Transformation 2.0: CEO Elie Girard at Atos." Harvard Business School Case 421-024, January 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Studying the U.S.-Based Portfolio Companies of U.S. Impact Investors
By: M. Diane Burton, Gurveen Chadha, Shawn A. Cole, Abhishek Dev, Christina Jarymowycz, Leslie Jeng, Laura Kelley, Josh Lerner, Jaime R. Diaz Palacios, Yue (Cynthia) Xu and T. Robert Zochowski
Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the reliance on market-based solutions to social and environmental problems around the world (Barman 2016; Horvath and Powell 2020). The growth of impact investing is a vivid example of this trend and, although there have... View Details
Keywords: Impact Investing; Impact Portfolio Companies; Investment; Social Issues; Environmental Sustainability; Investment Portfolio; Business Ventures; Analytics and Data Science; Performance; United States
Burton, M. Diane, Gurveen Chadha, Shawn A. Cole, Abhishek Dev, Christina Jarymowycz, Leslie Jeng, Laura Kelley, Josh Lerner, Jaime R. Diaz Palacios, Yue (Cynthia) Xu, and T. Robert Zochowski. "Studying the U.S.-Based Portfolio Companies of U.S. Impact Investors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-130, June 2021.
- December 1998 (Revised May 2000)
- Case
Lebenthal and Co., Inc.
By: Thomas J. DeLong and Susan Harmeling
Lebenthal and Co. has prospered in the bond business since 1924. Alexandra Lebenthal, granddaughter of the founders, has stepped up to lead the firm. She faces many challenges as the nature of the financial services business changes in dramatic ways. Can this firm... View Details
Keywords: Transformation; Talent and Talent Management; Bonds; Leadership Development; Service Operations; Problems and Challenges; Competition; Financial Services Industry
DeLong, Thomas J., and Susan Harmeling. "Lebenthal and Co., Inc." Harvard Business School Case 899-121, December 1998. (Revised May 2000.)
- March 2018 (Revised April 2018)
- Case
Morgan Stanley: Building Long-Term Sustainability
By: Vikram S. Gandhi and Lynn Schenk
This case focuses on the 10-year journey of one of the world's largest global financial institutions developing a sustainability strategy and integrating it across all of its business units. The case provides a deep dive into the challenges and successes of trying to... View Details
Keywords: Finance; Sustainability; Green Bonds; ESG; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Business Units; Integration; Financial Institutions
Gandhi, Vikram S., and Lynn Schenk. "Morgan Stanley: Building Long-Term Sustainability." Harvard Business School Case 318-103, March 2018. (Revised April 2018.)
- 06 Aug 2013
- First Look
First Look: August 6
demonstrates the mutual interconnectivity among the three key facets of management: strategic positioning, organizational design, and individual leadership. The authors highlight both the manner in which strategy informs leadership and... View Details
Keywords: Anna Secino
- 2017
- Working Paper
Business and Sustainability: New Business History Perspectives
By: Ann-Kristin Bergquist
This working paper provides a long-term business history perspective on environmental sustainability. For a long time, the central issues addressed in the discipline of business history concerned how business enterprises innovated and created wealth, as well as... View Details
Bergquist, Ann-Kristin. "Business and Sustainability: New Business History Perspectives." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-034, October 2017. (Revised November 2017.)
- 24 Apr 2012
- First Look
First Look: April 24
Business School Note 612-084 This note describes the hybrid electric vehicle market, the results of different automaker strategies, and the environmental regulatory issues that can promote or inhibit market growth in the United States.... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel