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    • All HBS Web  (2,145)
      • Faculty Publications  (450)

      Consumer Utility ModelsRemove Consumer Utility Models →

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      • July 2012
      • Case

      Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc.

      By: John Bingham and Michael Beer
      Vitality Health Enterprises, a medium-sized firm that manufactures health and personal care products, has experienced six straight quarters of strong revenue growth. James Hoffman, the new Senior Vice President of Human Resources, fears that the chain of success is... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Evaluation; Motivation and Incentives; Compensation and Benefits; Talent and Talent Management; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States
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      Bingham, John, and Michael Beer. "Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc." Harvard Business School Brief Case 913-501, July 2012.
      • Article

      Credit Access and Social Welfare: The Rise of Consumer Lending in the United States and France

      By: Gunnar Trumbull
      Research into the causes of the 2008 financial crisis has drawn attention to a link between growing income inequality in the United States and high household indebtedness. Most accounts trace the U.S. idea of credit-as-welfare to the period of wage stagnation and... View Details
      Keywords: Household Finance; Welfare State; Credit; Personal Finance; Welfare; Borrowing and Debt; France; United States
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      Trumbull, Gunnar. "Credit Access and Social Welfare: The Rise of Consumer Lending in the United States and France." Politics & Society 40, no. 1 (March 2012): 9–34.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      De Gustibus non est Taxandum: Heterogeneity in Preferences and Optimal Redistribution

      By: Benjamin B Lockwood and Matthew Weinzierl
      The prominent but unproven intuition that preference heterogeneity reduces redistribution in a standard optimal tax model is shown to hold under the plausible condition that the distribution of preferences for consumption relative to leisure rises, in terms of... View Details
      Keywords: Spending; Policy; Taxation; Theory; United States
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      Lockwood, Benjamin B., and Matthew Weinzierl. "De Gustibus non est Taxandum: Heterogeneity in Preferences and Optimal Redistribution." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-063, January 2012. (Updated September 2014. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 17784. Published in Journal of Public Economics.)
      • Article

      Entry into Platform-based Markets

      By: Feng Zhu and Marco Iansiti
      This paper examines the relative importance of platform quality, indirect network effects, and consumer expectations on the success of entrants in platform-based markets. We develop a theoretical model and find that an entrant's success depends on the strength of... View Details
      Keywords: Platform-based Markets; Winnter-take-all; First-mover Advantage; Indirect Network Effects; Video Game Industry; Quality; Network Effects; Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Motion Pictures and Video Industry
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      Zhu, Feng, and Marco Iansiti. "Entry into Platform-based Markets." Strategic Management Journal 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 88–106.
      • November 2011
      • Case

      Pacific Grove Spice Company

      By: William E. Fruhan and Craig Stephenson
      Pacific Grove Spice Company is a profitable, rapidly growing manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of quality spices and seasonings. The company's business model requires significant investment in accounts receivable, inventory, and fixed assets to support sales.... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Expenditures; Investments; Acquisitions; Securities Analysis; Debt Securities; Opportunities; Cost of Capital; Valuation; Investment; Capital Budgeting; Business Model; Cash Flow; Financing and Loans; Acquisition; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Fruhan, William E., and Craig Stephenson. "Pacific Grove Spice Company." Harvard Business School Brief Case 114-366, November 2011.
      • September 2011 (Revised May 2012)
      • Case

      GoodGuide

      By: George Serafeim, Robert G. Eccles and Tiffany A. Clay
      GoodGuide, a high-technology start-up company, founded by University of California Professor at Berkley Dara O'Rourke is at a critical junction. The venture capital funded company has yet to find the business model to monetize a very promising product that provides... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development Strategy; Strategic Planning; Venture Capital; Goods and Commodities; Business Model; Information Technology; Knowledge; Education Industry; California
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      Serafeim, George, Robert G. Eccles, and Tiffany A. Clay. "GoodGuide." Harvard Business School Case 112-031, September 2011. (Revised May 2012.)
      • Article

      Product Positioning in a Two-Dimensional Vertical Differentiation Model: The Role of Quality Costs

      By: Dominique Lauga and Elie Ofek
      We study a duopoly model where consumers are heterogeneous with respect to their willingness to pay for two product characteristics and marginal costs are increasing with the quality level chosen on each attribute. We show that while firms seek to manage competition... View Details
      Keywords: Duopoly and Oligopoly; Customers; Quality; Product Positioning; Competition; Management; Cost; Product
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      Lauga, Dominique, and Elie Ofek. "Product Positioning in a Two-Dimensional Vertical Differentiation Model: The Role of Quality Costs." Marketing Science 30, no. 5 (September–October 2011): 903–923.
      • September – October 2011
      • Article

      The Manufacturer's Incentive to Reduce Lead Times

      By: Santiago Kraiselburd, Richard Pibernik and Ananth Raman
      It is generally a well acknowledged fact that, ceteris paribus, reducing the lead times between downstream and upstream parties in a supply chain is desirable from an overall system perspective. However, an upstream party (e.g., a manufacturer) may have strong... View Details
      Keywords: Cost; Demand and Consumers; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Production; Supply Chain Management; Sales; Manufacturing Industry; Retail Industry
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      Kraiselburd, Santiago, Richard Pibernik, and Ananth Raman. "The Manufacturer's Incentive to Reduce Lead Times." Production and Operations Management 20, no. 5 (September–October 2011): 639–653.
      • Article

      Advertising, the Matchmaker

      By: Bharat N. Anand and Ron Shachar
      We empirically study the informational role of advertising in matching consumers with products when consumers are uncertain about both observable and unobserved program attributes. Our focus is on the network television industry, in which the products are television... View Details
      Keywords: Advertising; Information; Consumer Behavior; Television Entertainment; Risk and Uncertainty; Product; Decision Choices and Conditions; Advertising Industry
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      Anand, Bharat N., and Ron Shachar. "Advertising, the Matchmaker." RAND Journal of Economics 42, no. 2 (Summer 2011): 205–245. (Lead Article.)
      • May 2011 (Revised August 2011)
      • Case

      The Offshore Drilling Industry in 2011

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Kenneth Corts and Joseph McElroy
      After booming in 2007 and early 2008, the offshore drilling industry slumps in 2009. Lower oil prices lead oil companies to reduce drilling budgets, and rig utilization falls from essentially 100% to 70% in some markets. Day rates--the prices paid for a rig's... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Metals and Minerals; Demand and Consumers; Price; Industry Structures; Supply and Industry; Mining; Mining Industry; Energy Industry
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Kenneth Corts, and Joseph McElroy. "The Offshore Drilling Industry in 2011." Harvard Business School Case 711-543, May 2011. (Revised August 2011.)
      • May 2011
      • Background Note

      Scale Effects, Network Effects, and Investment Strategy

      By: Willy Shih
      This technical note discusses scale economies, and direct and indirect network effects in the context of building better business models. Some of the great business disasters of the dot.com bubble were companies that scaled their infrastructure without working through... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Investment; Price; Crisis Management; Network Effects; Multi-Sided Platforms; Strategy
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      Shih, Willy. "Scale Effects, Network Effects, and Investment Strategy." Harvard Business School Background Note 611-082, May 2011.
      • March 2011 (Revised December 2012)
      • Case

      Demand Media

      By: John Deighton and Leora Kornfeld
      Google search had helped Demand Media grow to be a $1.9 billion online publisher. Then, social media and smartphone apps began to change the way people navigated the Internet. How should Demand Media respond? The business ran on a radically new model in which a stable... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Information Publishing; Consumer Behavior; Customization and Personalization; Internet and the Web; Publishing Industry
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      Deighton, John, and Leora Kornfeld. "Demand Media." Harvard Business School Case 511-043, March 2011. (Revised December 2012.) (request a courtesy copy.)
      • March 2011 (Revised August 2014)
      • Background Note

      Social Media in Health Care

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger, Selin Gunal Tyler and Charles C. Huang
      This note reviews the social media firms in health care that help providers and consumers to interact and their nascent business models. View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Health Care and Treatment; Digital Platforms; Social and Collaborative Networks; Health Industry
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., Selin Gunal Tyler, and Charles C. Huang. "Social Media in Health Care." Harvard Business School Background Note 311-093, March 2011. (Revised August 2014.)
      • Article

      An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy

      By: N. Gregory Mankiw and Matthew C. Weinzierl
      This paper examines the optimal response of monetary and fiscal policy to a decline in aggregate demand. The theoretical framework is a two-period general equilibrium model in which prices are sticky in the short-run and flexible in the long-run. Policy is evaluated by... View Details
      Keywords: Fiscal Policy; Monetary Policy; Economic Models; Aggregate Demand; Demand and Consumers; Money; Mathematical Methods; Taxation; Spending; Policy; Welfare; Household; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation
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      Mankiw, N. Gregory, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Spring 2011). (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-113, May 2011 and NBER Working Paper Series, No. 17029, May 2011.)
      • February 2011 (Revised May 2011)
      • Case

      Utilis: Designing, Producing, and Selling Rapid Deployment Shelters for a Troubled World

      By: Herman B. Leonard, Daniela Beyersdorfer and Simon Harrow
      How can a company that supplies disaster response and humanitarian agencies best handle the intrinsically unpredictable and highly volatile demand for its products? Utilis is a French supplier of rapid-deploy high-end tent solutions for civilian and military uses (such... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Growth and Development Strategy; Demand and Consumers; Strategic Planning; Natural Disasters; Competitive Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; France
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      Leonard, Herman B., Daniela Beyersdorfer, and Simon Harrow. "Utilis: Designing, Producing, and Selling Rapid Deployment Shelters for a Troubled World." Harvard Business School Case 311-096, February 2011. (Revised May 2011.)
      • January 2011 (Revised January 2011)
      • Case

      Marvel Enterprises, Inc. (Abridged)

      By: Anita Elberse
      The management team of Marvel Enterprises, known for its universe of superhero characters that includes Spider-Man, the Hulk, and X-Men, must reevaluate its marketing strategy. In June 2004, only six years after the company emerged from bankruptcy, Marvel has amassed a... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Intellectual Property; Rights; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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      Elberse, Anita. "Marvel Enterprises, Inc. (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 511-097, January 2011. (Revised January 2011.)
      • January 2011 (Revised November 2014)
      • Case

      Mochi Media

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Amit Jain
      In late 2009, the management of Mochi Media, a venture-backed startup, must decide how to invest scarce resources to achieve continued growth. Mochi has developed a three-sided platform, connecting Flash game developers, sites that aggregate these games, and... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Startups; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development Strategy; Network Effects; Multi-Sided Platforms; Partners and Partnerships; Competition
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Amit Jain. "Mochi Media." Harvard Business School Case 811-056, January 2011. (Revised November 2014.)
      • January 2011 (Revised April 2024)
      • Case

      Triangulate (A)

      By: Thomas Eisenmann and Lauren Barley
      In October 2010, Triangulate's founder/CEO must determine what product features to develop and what marketing programs to pursue in order to boost the odds of successfully raising another venture capital round for his nine month-old Facebook dating application. The... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Product Launch; Social and Collaborative Networks; Internet and the Web
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      Eisenmann, Thomas, and Lauren Barley. "Triangulate (A)." Harvard Business School Case 811-055, January 2011. (Revised April 2024.)
      • Article

      The Social Utility of Feature Creep

      By: Debora V. Thompson and Michael I. Norton
      Previous research shows that consumers frequently choose products with too many features that they later find difficult to use. Our research shows that this seemingly suboptimal behavior may in fact confer benefits when factoring in the social context of consumption.... View Details
      Keywords: Impression Management; Social Influence; Conspicuous Consumption; Signaling; Product Features; Consumer Behavior; Information Technology; Experience and Expertise; Status and Position
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      Thompson, Debora V., and Michael I. Norton. "The Social Utility of Feature Creep." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 48, no. 3 (June 2011): 555–565.
      • September 2010
      • Article

      Do Inventory and Gross Margin Data Improve Sales Forecasts for U.S. Public Retailers?

      By: Saravanan Kesavan, Vishal Gaur and Ananth Raman
      Firm-level sales forecasts for retailers can be improved if we incorporate cost of goods sold, inventory, and gross margin (defined here as the ratio of sales to cost of goods sold) as three endogenous variables. We construct a simultaneous equations model, estimated... View Details
      Keywords: Sales; Forecasting and Prediction; Distribution; Goods and Commodities; Cost; Public Sector; Profit; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science; Retail Industry; United States
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      Kesavan, Saravanan, Vishal Gaur, and Ananth Raman. "Do Inventory and Gross Margin Data Improve Sales Forecasts for U.S. Public Retailers?" Management Science 56, no. 9 (September 2010): 1519–1533.
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