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      Quality And SafetyRemove Quality And Safety →

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      • August 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      General Dennis L. Via: People First, Mission Always

      By: Boris Groysberg, Susan Seligson, Katherine Connolly Baden and Robin Abrahams
      Dennis L. Via, was a retired four-star U.S. Army general and one of the world’s foremost experts on logistics, crisis management, supply chains, and maintaining a state of readiness at all times. As he reflected back on his career and leadership experience during the... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership; Crisis Management; Planning; Health Pandemics; United States
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      Groysberg, Boris, Susan Seligson, Katherine Connolly Baden, and Robin Abrahams. "General Dennis L. Via: People First, Mission Always." Harvard Business School Case 421-025, August 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • Article

      Cultural Diversity on Wall Street: Evidence from Consensus Earnings Forecasts

      By: Kenneth Merkley, Roni Michaely and Joseph Pacelli
      We examine how cultural differences among agents influence the aggregate outcome of a common forecasting task. Using both exogenous shocks to sell-side analyst diversity and panel regression methods, we find that increases in analyst cultural diversity positively... View Details
      Keywords: Culture; Forecasting; Sell-side Analysts; Information Aggregation; Diversity; Forecasting and Prediction; Information; Performance Improvement
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      Merkley, Kenneth, Roni Michaely, and Joseph Pacelli. "Cultural Diversity on Wall Street: Evidence from Consensus Earnings Forecasts." Journal of Accounting & Economics 70, no. 1 (August 2020).
      • August 2020
      • Article

      Do Physician Incentives Increase Patient Medication Adherence?

      By: Edward Kong, John Beshears, David Laibson, Brigitte Madrian, Kevin Volpp, George Loewenstein, Jonathan Kolstad and James J. Choi
      We conducted a randomized experiment (911 primary care practices and 8,935 nonadherent patients) to test the effect of paying physicians for increasing patient medication adherence in three drug classes: diabetes medication, antihypertensives, and statins. We measured... View Details
      Keywords: Health Economics; Medication Adherence; Physician Payment Incentives; Primary Care; Quality Improvement; Health Care and Treatment; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior
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      Kong, Edward, John Beshears, David Laibson, Brigitte Madrian, Kevin Volpp, George Loewenstein, Jonathan Kolstad, and James J. Choi. "Do Physician Incentives Increase Patient Medication Adherence?" Health Services Research 55, no. 4 (August 2020): 503–511.
      • June 30, 2020
      • Article

      Bipartisan Tax-Free Solution to Health Care Financing: Coupling HRAs With a Public Option

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger, Richard Boxer and James Wallace
      A combination of health insurance initiatives by the presumptive 2020 Democratic and Republican presidential nominees could expand health care coverage and significantly reduce costs, without raising taxes. Along the way, the combination could revitalize private... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care Financing; Public Option; Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA); Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Cost Management
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., Richard Boxer, and James Wallace. "Bipartisan Tax-Free Solution to Health Care Financing: Coupling HRAs With a Public Option." Health Affairs Blog (June 30, 2020).
      • June 24, 2020
      • Article

      Wolfgang Puck on Leading His Restaurants Through the Pandemic

      By: Boris Groysberg
      Chef Wolfgang Puck shares his experience leading his restaurants and other businesses through the pandemic crisis. He explains how his company has pivoted to find new sources of revenue and how he has become a vocal advocate for the restaurant industry. He also... View Details
      Keywords: Coronavirus Pandemic; Restaurants; Restaurant Industry; Reopening; Health Pandemics; Crisis Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Safety
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      Groysberg, Boris. "Wolfgang Puck on Leading His Restaurants Through the Pandemic." Harvard Business Review (website) (June 24, 2020).
      • June 2, 2020
      • Article

      How to 'Re-engineer' Your Business for Safety

      By: Hubert Joly
      Process reengineering was a massive trend in the 1990s. By focusing on improving either cost, quality, or service, a company could gain benefits in all three categories. Today, the principles that underpin process reengineering can be applied anew, with safety as a... View Details
      Keywords: Re-engineering; COVID; Safety; Performance Improvement; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Joly, Hubert. "How to 'Re-engineer' Your Business for Safety." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (June 2, 2020).
      • June 2020
      • Article

      How Scheduling Can Bias Quality Assessment: Evidence from Food Safety Inspections

      By: Maria Ibanez and Michael W. Toffel
      Accuracy and consistency are critical for inspections to be an effective, fair, and useful tool for assessing risks, quality, and suppliers—and for making decisions based on those assessments. We examine how inspector schedules could introduce bias that erodes... View Details
      Keywords: Assessment; Bias; Inspection; Scheduling; Econometric Analysis; Empirical Research; Regulation; Health; Food; Safety; Quality; Performance Consistency; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Ibanez, Maria, and Michael W. Toffel. "How Scheduling Can Bias Quality Assessment: Evidence from Food Safety Inspections." Management Science 66, no. 6 (June 2020): 2396–2416. (Revised February 2019. Featured in Harvard Business Review, Forbes, Food Safety Magazine, Food Safety News, and KelloggInsight. (2020 MSOM Responsible Research Finalist.))
      • Article

      The Inpatient Discharge Lounge as a Potential Mechanism to Mitigate Emergency Department Boarding and Crowding

      By: Brian Franklin, Sharif Vakili, Robert S. Huckman, Sarah Hosein, Nicholas Falk, Katherine Cheng, Maria Murray, Sheila Harris, Charles A. Morris and Eric Goralnick
      Delayed access to inpatient beds for admitted patients contributes significantly to emergency department (ED) boarding and crowding, which have been associated with deleterious patient safety effects. To expedite inpatient bed availability, some hospitals have... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care Delivery; Emergency Room; Operations Improvement; Operations Management; Health Care and Treatment; Service Delivery; Operations; Management; Performance Improvement; Service Operations
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      Franklin, Brian, Sharif Vakili, Robert S. Huckman, Sarah Hosein, Nicholas Falk, Katherine Cheng, Maria Murray, Sheila Harris, Charles A. Morris, and Eric Goralnick. "The Inpatient Discharge Lounge as a Potential Mechanism to Mitigate Emergency Department Boarding and Crowding." Annals of Emergency Medicine 75, no. 6 (June 2020): 704–714.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      How Resilient Is Venture-Backed Innovation? Evidence from Four Decades of U.S. Patenting

      By: Sabrina T. Howell, Josh Lerner, Ramana Nanda and Richard Townsend
      Despite theoretical predictions to the contrary, corporate innovation is strongly pro-cyclical. In this paper, we compare innovation in the economy as a whole to that of firms backed by venture capital (VC), a source of capital associated with the most impactful young... View Details
      Keywords: Recessions; Venture Capital; Innovation and Invention; Patents; Business Cycles; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation
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      Howell, Sabrina T., Josh Lerner, Ramana Nanda, and Richard Townsend. "How Resilient Is Venture-Backed Innovation? Evidence from Four Decades of U.S. Patenting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-115, May 2020. (Revised July 2023.)
      • Article

      The Changing Landscape of Auditors' Liability

      By: Colleen Honigsberg, Shivaram Rajgopal and Suraj Srinivasan
      We provide a comprehensive overview of shareholder litigation against auditors since the passage of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (PSLRA). The number of lawsuits per year has declined, dismissals have increased, and settlements in recent years have... View Details
      Keywords: Auditor Litigation; Tellabs; Section 10(b); Section 11; Audit Quality; Janus; PSLRA; Class-action Litigation; Accounting Audits; Lawsuits and Litigation; Legal Liability
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      Honigsberg, Colleen, Shivaram Rajgopal, and Suraj Srinivasan. "The Changing Landscape of Auditors' Liability." Journal of Law & Economics 63, no. 2 (May 2020): 367–410.
      • April 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Cambridge Franchise Partners

      By: Richard S. Ruback, Royce Yudkoff and Ahron Rosenfeld
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 217-082. Cambridge Franchise Partners (CFP) was established by Matt Perelman and Alex Sloane (both HBS ’15) to pursue a roll-up strategy in the quick service restaurant (QSR) sector. Burger King (BK) approved CFP’s request to become a... View Details
      Keywords: Roll-up; Franchise; Franchise Management; Small Firms Management; Franchise Ownership; Small Business; Management; Acquisition
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      Ruback, Richard S., Royce Yudkoff, and Ahron Rosenfeld. "Cambridge Franchise Partners." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 220-082, April 2020.
      • April 2020
      • Case

      Cockpit Dynamics in Air France 447 and United 232

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Joshua Raymond
      This case compares leadership and team dynamics between the cockpit crews in two renowned passenger airline crashes, twenty years apart: Air France 447 in 2009 and United 232 in 1989. The key dimensions of difference across the cases include organization and task... View Details
      Keywords: Teams; Team Launch; Crisis Management; Groups and Teams; Leadership; Communication; Air Transportation Industry
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Joshua Raymond. "Cockpit Dynamics in Air France 447 and United 232." Harvard Business School Case 620-127, April 2020.
      • 2020
      • Book

      Healthy Buildings: How Indoor Spaces Drive Performance and Productivity

      By: Joseph Allen and John D. Macomber
      By the time you reach 80, you will have spent 72 years of your life indoors. Like it or not, humans have become an indoor species. This means that the people who design, build, and maintain our buildings can have a major impact on our health.
      Ever feel tired... View Details
      Keywords: Architecture; Real Estate Development; Air Pollution; Air Quality; Public Health; Productivity Gains; Buildings and Facilities; Health; Pollutants; Performance Productivity; Construction Industry
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      Allen, Joseph, and John D. Macomber. Healthy Buildings: How Indoor Spaces Drive Performance and Productivity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020.
      • April 15, 2020
      • Other Article

      Designating Certain Post-Acute Care Facilities As COVID-19 Skilled Care Centers Can Increase Hospital Capacity And Keep Nursing Home Patients Safer

      By: Leemore S. Dafny and Steven S. Lee
      As the number of COVID-19 cases nationwide continues to grow, many hospitals will need to convert acute care beds into intensive care beds and discharge stable patients to post-acute care settings such as nursing homes. In addition, nursing homes unable to care for... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Nursing Homes; Health Pandemics; Health Care and Treatment; Safety; Quality
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      Dafny, Leemore S., and Steven S. Lee. "Designating Certain Post-Acute Care Facilities As COVID-19 Skilled Care Centers Can Increase Hospital Capacity And Keep Nursing Home Patients Safer." Health Affairs Blog (April 15, 2020).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Elusive Safety: The New Geography of Capital Flows and Risk

      By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia, Ruth Judson and Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr
      A confidential dataset with industry-level disaggregation of U.S. cross-border claims and liabilities, shows U.S. securities to be increasingly intermediated by tax-haven-financial-centers (THFC) and less regulated funds. These securities are risky, in... View Details
      Keywords: Tax Havens; Financial Centers; Geography Of Flows; Profit Shifting; Tax Avoidance; Risk; Safe Assets; Hetergeneous Firms; Endogenous Entry; Endogenous Monitoring; Regulatory Arbitrage; Assets; Safety; Risk and Uncertainty; Capital; Global Range
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      Alfaro, Laura, Ester Faia, Ruth Judson, and Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr. "Elusive Safety: The New Geography of Capital Flows and Risk." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-099, March 2020. (Revised February 2021.)
      • April 1, 2020
      • Article

      A Detailed Plan for Getting Americans Back to Work

      By: Amitabh Chandra, Mark Fishman and Douglas Melton
      Given the different impact that the pandemic is having on individual communities across the country, the notion that all workers should be allowed to return to work on one date is unrealistic. Instead, individual states should make that determination. This article lays... View Details
      Keywords: Return To Work; Health Pandemics; Employment; Safety; Planning; United States
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      Chandra, Amitabh, Mark Fishman, and Douglas Melton. "A Detailed Plan for Getting Americans Back to Work." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 1, 2020).
      • March 2020
      • Case

      A Tower for the People: 425 Park Avenue

      By: John Macomber, Joseph G. Allen and Emily Jones
      Healthy buildings and superior air quality are increasingly important since people now spend so much time indoors. Indoor spaces drive performance and productivity. Commercial real estate landlords and investors are responding to the demands of sophisticated tenants... View Details
      Keywords: Health And Wellness; Real Estate; Sustainability; Health; Pollution; Buildings and Facilities; Performance Productivity; Finance; Real Estate Industry; New York (city, NY)
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      Macomber, John, Joseph G. Allen, and Emily Jones. "A Tower for the People: 425 Park Avenue." Harvard Business School Case 220-065, March 2020.
      • March 2020
      • Case

      ZEISS Group: Organize by Customer Culture?

      By: Willy C. Shih
      How should ZEISS, the German manufacturer of precision optical and optoelectronic systems manage two historic businesses that operated fairly autonomously? The Industrial Quality Solutions (IQS) business sold measurement equipment to manufacturing companies in sectors... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Structure; Organizational Culture; Manufacturing Industry; Europe; Germany
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      Shih, Willy C. "ZEISS Group: Organize by Customer Culture?" Harvard Business School Case 620-103, March 2020.
      • February 2020 (Revised March 2020)
      • Case

      Managing Blackout at Aluminum Bahrain B.S.C. (Alba) (A)

      By: Joseph B. Fuller, Gamze Yücaoğlu and Youssef Abdel Aal
      The case opens in 2017 as Tim Murray, CEO of Aluminum Bahrain (Alba), the largest single-site aluminum smelter in the world outside China and a major contributor to the Bahraini economy, was contemplating the recovery options as the company was facing the most severe... View Details
      Keywords: Aluminum; General Management; Cultural Change; Change Management; Crisis Management; Decision Making; Organizational Culture; Safety; Leadership; Emerging Markets; Bahrain; Middle East
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      Fuller, Joseph B., Gamze Yücaoğlu, and Youssef Abdel Aal. "Managing Blackout at Aluminum Bahrain B.S.C. (Alba) (A)." Harvard Business School Case 320-056, February 2020. (Revised March 2020.)
      • February 2020
      • Supplement

      Managing Blackout at Aluminum Bahrain B.S.C. (Alba) (B)

      By: Joseph B. Fuller, Gamze Yücaoğlu and Youssef Abdel Aal
      The case opens in 2017 as Tim Murray, CEO of Aluminum Bahrain (Alba), the largest single-site aluminum smelter in the world outside China and a major contributor to the Bahraini economy, was contemplating the recovery options as the company was facing the most severe... View Details
      Keywords: Aluminum Industry; General Management; Cultural Change; Change Management; Crisis Management; Decision Making; Organizational Culture; Safety; Leadership; Emerging Markets; Bahrain; Middle East
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      Fuller, Joseph B., Gamze Yücaoğlu, and Youssef Abdel Aal. "Managing Blackout at Aluminum Bahrain B.S.C. (Alba) (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 320-057, February 2020.
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