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    • All HBS Web  (1,597)
      • Faculty Publications  (216)

      Open Source PlatformsRemove Open Source Platforms →

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      • July 2003
      • Article

      Community, Joining, and Specialization in Open Source Software Innovation: A Case Study

      By: Georg von Krogh, Sebastian Spaeth and Karim R. Lakhani
      Keywords: Civil Society or Community; Applications and Software; Information; Information Technology Industry
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      von Krogh, Georg, Sebastian Spaeth, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Community, Joining, and Specialization in Open Source Software Innovation: A Case Study." Research Policy 32, no. 7 (July 2003): 1217–1241.
      • June 2003
      • Case

      IBM and Linux (A)

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Siobhan O'Mahony and James Quinn
      In the fall of 1998, Dan Frye, member of IBM's emerging technologies and business team, is trying to decide whether to forge a strategic alliance with the Linux Development Community (LDC). Just two years earlier, IBM had its first exposure to an "open source" software... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Open Source Distribution; Problems and Challenges; Alliances; Cooperation; Computer Industry; Information Technology Industry
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., Siobhan O'Mahony, and James Quinn. "IBM and Linux (A)." Harvard Business School Case 903-083, June 2003.
      • June 2003
      • Article

      How Open Source Software Works: "Free" User-to-User Assistance

      By: Karim R. Lakhani and Eric von Hippel
      Keywords: Information Technology; Applications and Software
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      Lakhani, Karim R., and Eric von Hippel. How Open Source Software Works: "Free" User-to-User Assistance. Research Policy 32, no. 6 (June 2003): 923–943.
      • 2004
      • Chapter

      Building the Microeconomic Foundations of Prosperity: Findings from the Business Competitiveness Index

      By: Michael E. Porter
      In The Global Competitiveness Report 2003-2004
      Competitiveness has become a central preoccupation of both advanced and developing countries in an increasingly open and integrated world economy. Despite its acknowledged importance, the concept of competitiveness... View Details
      Keywords: Economics; Growth and Development
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      Porter, Michael E. "Building the Microeconomic Foundations of Prosperity: Findings from the Business Competitiveness Index." In The Global Competitiveness Report 2003-2004, edited by Michael E. Porter, Klaus Schwab, and Xavier Sala-i-Martin, 29–56. Oxford University Press, 2004.
      • June 2002
      • Article

      Some Simple Economics of Open Source

      By: Josh Lerner and Jean Tirole
      Keywords: Economics
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      Lerner, Josh, and Jean Tirole. "Some Simple Economics of Open Source." Journal of Industrial Economics 50, no. 2 (June 2002): 197–234. (Earlier versions distributed as HBS Working Paper No. 00-068 and NBER Working Paper No. 7600.)
      • May 2001
      • Article

      The Open Source Movement: Key Research Questions

      By: Josh Lerner and Jean Tirole
      The paper analyzes the incentives of individual programmers and of commercial companies to participate in open source projects. While these incentives are in our opinion well accounted for by the economic paradigm, much empirical and theoretical work is still needed to... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Open Source Distribution
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      Lerner, Josh, and Jean Tirole. "The Open Source Movement: Key Research Questions." Special Issue on Papers and Proceedings of the 15th Congress of the European Economic Association European Economic Review 45, nos. 4-6 (May 2001): 819–826.
      • March 2001
      • Article

      Strategy and the Internet

      By: M. E. Porter
      Many of the pioneers of Internet business, both dot-coms and established companies, have competed in ways that violate nearly every precept of good strategy. Rather than focus on profits, they have chased customers indiscriminately through discounting, channel... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Online Technology
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      Porter, M. E. "Strategy and the Internet." Harvard Business Review 79, no. 3 (March 2001): 62–78.
      • November 1999 (Revised March 2002)
      • Case

      Red Hat and the Linux Revolution

      By: Alan D. MacCormack and Kerry Herman
      The case describes the history of the Linux operating system and the open-source movement in general. Focuses on a critical decision being made by Red Hat, the largest distributor of Linux, about its future development efforts. The decision allows students to explore... View Details
      Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Applications and Software; Product Development; Change Management; Research and Development; Business Processes; Disruptive Innovation; Information Technology Industry; North Carolina
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      MacCormack, Alan D., and Kerry Herman. "Red Hat and the Linux Revolution." Harvard Business School Case 600-009, November 1999. (Revised March 2002.)
      • November – December 1998
      • Article

      Clusters and the New Economics of Competition

      By: Michael E. Porter
      This article explains how clusters foster high levels of productivity and innovation and lays out the implications for competitive strategy and economic policy. Economic geography in an era of global competition poses a paradox. In theory, location should no longer be... View Details
      Keywords: Economics; United States
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      Porter, Michael E. "Clusters and the New Economics of Competition." Harvard Business Review 76, no. 6 (November–December 1998): 77–90.
      • June 1998 (Revised January 2000)
      • Case

      Egghead.com

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport
      Egghead Software, an entrenched traditional chain retailer specializing in computer software and peripherals, had established a nationwide chain of mall and shopping center stores and a well-organized national brand. In early 1998, management made a highly unusual, and... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Digital Platforms; Internet and the Web; Applications and Software; Information Technology Industry; Retail Industry
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Jeremy Dann, and Robert C Schmults. "Egghead.com." Harvard Business School Case 898-283, June 1998. (Revised January 2000.)
      • Forthcoming
      • Article

      Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Engagement with Open Source Communities, Innovation, and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub

      By: Annamaria Conti, Christian Peukert and Maria P. Roche
      We study the engagement of nascent firms with open source communities and its implications for innovation and attracting funding. To do so, we link data on 160,065 U.S. startups from Crunchbase to their activities on the open source software development platform... View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Knowledge; Open Source Communities; GitHub; Machine Learning; Innovation; Business Startups; Venture Capital; Information Technology; Strategy
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      Conti, Annamaria, Christian Peukert, and Maria P. Roche. "Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Engagement with Open Source Communities, Innovation, and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub." Organization Science (forthcoming). (Pre-published online March 7, 2025.)
      • Research Summary

      Competing business models

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell
      Building on the literatures on competitive positioning and the theory of industrial organization, my work seeks to tackle previously unaddressed questions by studying situations where firms compete in dissimilar ways. Some examples of these questions include:View Details
      • Research Summary

      Lean Startup Management Practices

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann

      Many information technology startups have embraced "lean startup" management practices. Lean startups confront high levels of uncertainty about both customer problems and product solutions: the strength of demand for new... View Details

      • Research Summary

      Managing Networked Businesses

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann
      Platform-based businesses that leverage network effects face a distinctive set of management challenges. A platform encompasses components and rules that facilitate interactions between the platform's users. A platform-based product or service exhibits a network... View Details
      • Research Summary

      Overview

      By: Frank Nagle
      Professor Nagle studies how competitors can collaborate on the creation of core technologies, while still competing on the products and services built on top of them. His research falls into the broader categories of the futures of work, the economics of IT, and... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Strategy; Technological Innovation; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Economic Growth; Entrepreneurship; Technology; Internet; Mobile Technology; Online Technology; Technology Adoption; Technology Networks
      • Research Summary

      Science-Based Business and the Business of Science

      By: H. Kent Bowen
      Science and technology can provide strategic advantage to companies' through differentiated products and processes. The focus of our research is on unusually productive and creative labs that are the sources of breakthroughs that create platforms for sustained... View Details
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