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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (2,135)
      • Faculty Publications  (376)

      Economic ModelsRemove Economic Models →

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      • January 2016 (Revised November 2018)
      • Case

      Match Next: Next Generation Middle School?

      By: John J-H Kim and Daniel Goldberg
      This case is set in 2015 as a team at Match Education, a high performing charter middle school in Boston, explores new staffing and technology approaches in their quest to obtain what they term "jaw dropping" results. The team hopes to test and model for other schools... View Details
      Keywords: General Management; K-12; Charter Schools; Public Schools; Edtech; Education; Information Technology; Management; Public Sector; Entrepreneurship; Education Industry; Boston
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      Kim, John J-H, and Daniel Goldberg. "Match Next: Next Generation Middle School?" Harvard Business School Case 316-138, January 2016. (Revised November 2018.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Who Should Select New Employees, Headquarters or the Unit Manager? Consequences of Centralizing Hiring at a Retail Chain

      By: Carolyn Deller and Tatiana Sandino
      We examine how changing the allocation of hiring decision rights in a multiunit organization affects employee-firm match quality, contingent on a unit’s circumstances. Our research site, a US retail chain, switched from a decentralized hiring model (hiring by business... View Details
      Keywords: Control; Selection; Decentralization; Company Values; Retail Chains; Decision Making; Economics; Geography; Employees; Selection and Staffing; Organizational Design; Situation or Environment; Retail Industry
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      Deller, Carolyn, and Tatiana Sandino. "Who Should Select New Employees, Headquarters or the Unit Manager? Consequences of Centralizing Hiring at a Retail Chain." Harvard Business School Series in Accounting and Control, No. 16-088, January 2016. (Revised August 2019. Forthcoming in The Accounting Review.)
      • December 2015
      • Article

      Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises

      By: Julie Battilana, Metin Sengul, Anne-Claire Pache and Jacob Model
      We examine the factors that influence the social performance of hybrid organizations that pursue a social mission, and sustain their operations through commercial activities, by studying work integration social enterprises (WISEs). We argue that social imprinting and... View Details
      Keywords: Hybrid Organizations; Social Enterprise; Social Entrepreneurship; Organizations; Performance Productivity
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      Battilana, Julie, Metin Sengul, Anne-Claire Pache, and Jacob Model. "Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises." Academy of Management Journal 58, no. 6 (December 2015): 1658–1685.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      The Probability of Rare Disasters: Estimation and Implications

      By: Emil Siriwardane
      I analyze a rare disasters economy that yields a measure of the risk neutral probability of a macroeconomic disaster, p*t. A large panel of options data provides strong evidence that p*t is the single factor driving option-implied jump risk measures in the cross... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; Forecasting and Prediction; Financial Crisis; Macroeconomics
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      Siriwardane, Emil. "The Probability of Rare Disasters: Estimation and Implications." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-061, November 2015.
      • 2015
      • Case

      Advanced Leadership Pathways: Robert Meaney and Technology for Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Renee Vuillaume
      Two Valmont Industries (an international leader in infrastructure products and services) colleagues, Robert (Bob) Meaney and Richard Berkland hoped to improve the lives of small and medium-sized farmers in the developing world through modern irrigation technology. In... View Details
      Keywords: Developing World; Farm; Farming; Small-scale Farmers; Agriculture; Agricultural Production; Water Management; Water; Leadership Skills; Agribusiness; Information Technology; Technology Adoption; Leadership; Development Economics; Developing Countries and Economies; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Africa; Ghana; Tanzania; Rwanda
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Renee Vuillaume. "Advanced Leadership Pathways: Robert Meaney and Technology for Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa." Harvard Business Publishing Case 316-059, 2015. (Harvard Advanced Leadership Initiative.)
      • 2015
      • Book

      How the Internet Became Commercial: Innovation, Privatization, and the Birth of a New Network

      By: Shane Greenstein
      In less than a decade, the Internet went from being a series of loosely connected networks used by universities and the military to the powerful commercial engine it is today. This book describes how many of the key innovations that made this possible came from... View Details
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      Greenstein, Shane. How the Internet Became Commercial: Innovation, Privatization, and the Birth of a New Network. Princeton University Press, 2015.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      The Logic of Agglomeration

      By: Gilles Duranton and William R. Kerr
      This review discusses frontier topics in economic geography as they relate to firms and agglomeration economies. We focus on areas where empirical research is scarce but possible. We first outline a conceptual framework for city formation that allows us to contemplate... View Details
      Keywords: Agglomeration; Clusters; Cities; Innovation; Industry Clusters; City; Innovation and Invention
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      Duranton, Gilles, and William R. Kerr. "The Logic of Agglomeration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-037, September 2015.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      A Theory of Intergenerational Mobility

      By: Gary Becker, Scott Duke Kominers, Kevin Murphy and Jorg L. Spenkuch
      We develop a model of intergenerational resource transmission that emphasizes the link between cross-sectional inequality and intergenerational mobility. By drawing on first principles of human capital theory, we derive several novel results. In particular, we show... View Details
      Keywords: Intergenerational Mobility; Inequality; Complementarities; Human Capital; Equality and Inequality; Income; Family and Family Relationships
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      Becker, Gary, Scott Duke Kominers, Kevin Murphy, and Jorg L. Spenkuch. "A Theory of Intergenerational Mobility." Working Paper, August 2015.
      • 2015
      • Article

      Free at Last, Now What: The Soviet and Chinese Attempts to Offer a Roadmap for the Post-Colonial World

      By: Jeremy Friedman
      This article seeks to understand the motivations behind the People's Republic of China's attempt to present an alternative development model for the post-colonial world and challenge Soviet leadership in the international communist movement in mid-1960s. When the wave... View Details
      Keywords: Development Economics; Business and Government Relations; China; United States; Soviet Union
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      Friedman, Jeremy. "Free at Last, Now What: The Soviet and Chinese Attempts to Offer a Roadmap for the Post-Colonial World." Modern China Studies [Dang dai Zhongguo yan jiu] 22, no. 1 (2015): 259–292.
      • August 2015
      • Article

      Poultry in Motion: A Study of International Trade Finance Practices

      By: Pol Antràs and C. Fritz Foley
      This paper analyzes the financing terms that support international trade and sheds light on how these terms shape the impact of economic shocks on trade. Analysis of transaction-level data from a U.S.-based exporter of frozen and refrigerated food products, primarily... View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; International Finance; Financing and Loans; Trade
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      Antràs, Pol, and C. Fritz Foley. "Poultry in Motion: A Study of International Trade Finance Practices." Journal of Political Economy 123, no. 4 (August 2015): 853–901. (Revised May 2014. Online Appendix.)
      • July–August 2015
      • Article

      The Secret of Singapore: Why Cuba Should Look to Lee Kuan Yew's Thriving City-State for Economic Inspiration

      By: Debora L. Spar
      Between 1965 and 1991, Singapore grew at an astonishing compound annual growth rate of nearly 14%. Critics of the island's performance accused its celebrated leader, Lee Kuan Yew, of thinly veiled tendencies toward communism and authoritarianism; they argued that the... View Details
      Keywords: Economic Models; Communism; Economic Policy; Economic Reform; Angel Investors; Authoritarianism; Economic Systems; Economy; Policy; Government and Politics; Singapore; Cuba
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      Spar, Debora L. "The Secret of Singapore: Why Cuba Should Look to Lee Kuan Yew's Thriving City-State for Economic Inspiration." Foreign Policy 213 (July–August 2015).
      • Article

      Formal Measures in Informal Management: Can a Balanced Scorecard Change a Culture?

      By: Robert Gibbons and Robert S. Kaplan
      Agency theorists, historically, have analyzed what kinds of performance measures should be used in formal incentive contracts. For example, after Kaplan-Norton proposed a balanced scorecard of both financial and non-financial measures, some envisioned its role only in... View Details
      Keywords: Relational Contracts; Performance Measurement; Informal Management; Balanced Scorecard; Economics; Mathematical Methods
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      Gibbons, Robert, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Formal Measures in Informal Management: Can a Balanced Scorecard Change a Culture?" American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 105, no. 5 (May 2015).
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Full Substitutability

      By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers, Alexandru Nichifor, Michael Ostrovsky and Alexander Westkamp
      Various forms of substitutability are essential for establishing the existence of equilibria and other useful properties in diverse settings such as matching, auctions, and exchange economies with indivisible goods. We extend earlier models' canonical definitions of... View Details
      Keywords: Market Design; Balance and Stability
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      Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, Alexandru Nichifor, Michael Ostrovsky, and Alexander Westkamp. "Full Substitutability." Working Paper, May 2015.
      • Article

      De Gustibus non est Taxandum: Heterogeneity in Preferences and Optimal Redistribution

      By: Benjamin B Lockwood and Matthew Weinzierl
      The prominent but unproven intuition that preference heterogeneity reduces redistribution in a standard optimal tax model is shown to hold under the plausible condition that the distribution of preferences for consumption relative to leisure rises, in terms of... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Income; Decision Choices and Conditions; Consumer Behavior; Taxation; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics
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      Lockwood, Benjamin B., and Matthew Weinzierl. "De Gustibus non est Taxandum: Heterogeneity in Preferences and Optimal Redistribution." Journal of Public Economics 124 (April 2015): 74–80. (Also NBER Working Paper Series, No. 17784, September 2014 and Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-063, January 2012.)
      • Article

      A Case for Contextual Intelligence

      By: Tarun Khanna
      In this perspective, I make a case for entrepreneurs and academics alike to focus on what I have referred to elsewhere as Contextual Intelligence, the ability to understand the limits of our knowledge, and to adapt that knowledge to a context different from the one in... View Details
      Keywords: Contextual Intelligence; Institutional Voids; Entrepreneurship In Emerging Markets; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Situation or Environment; Developing Countries and Economies; Entrepreneurship
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      Khanna, Tarun. "A Case for Contextual Intelligence." Special Issue on Leveraging India: Strategies for Global Competitiveness. Management International Review 55, no. 2 (April 2015): 181–190.
      • March 2015
      • Article

      Business Model Evaluation: Quantifying Walmart's Sources of Advantage

      By: Humberto Brea-Solís, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Emili Grifell-Tatjé
      We develop an analytical framework on the basis of the economics of business performance to provide quantitative insight into the link between a firm's business model choices and its profit consequences. The method is applied to Walmart by building a qualitative... View Details
      Keywords: Business Models; Quantitative Analysis; Walmart; Production Theory; Business Model; Competitive Advantage; Profit
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      Brea-Solís, Humberto, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, and Emili Grifell-Tatjé. "Business Model Evaluation: Quantifying Walmart's Sources of Advantage." Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal 9, no. 1 (March 2015): 12–33.
      • March 2015
      • Article

      Monetary Policy and Long-Term Real Rates

      By: Samuel G. Hanson and Jeremy C. Stein
      Changes in monetary policy have surprisingly strong effects on forward real rates in the distant future. A 100 basis point increase in the two-year nominal yield on a Federal Open Markets Committee announcement day is associated with a 42 basis point increase in the... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Interest Rates; Economics
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      Hanson, Samuel G., and Jeremy C. Stein. "Monetary Policy and Long-Term Real Rates." Journal of Financial Economics 115, no. 3 (March 2015): 429–448.
      • March 2015
      • Article

      Vulnerable Banks

      By: Robin Greenwood, Augustin Landier and David Thesmar
      We present a model in which fire sales propagate shocks across bank balance sheets. When a bank experiences a negative shock to its equity, a natural way to return to target leverage is to sell assets. If potential buyers are limited, then asset sales depress prices,... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Liquidity; Financial Crisis; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry; Europe
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      Greenwood, Robin, Augustin Landier, and David Thesmar. "Vulnerable Banks." Journal of Financial Economics 115, no. 3 (March 2015): 471–485.
      • February 2015 (Revised September 2016)
      • Teaching Note

      Making stickK Stick: The Business of Behavioral Economics

      By: Leslie K. John and Michael Norton
      Email mking@hbs.edu for a courtesy copy.

      This Teaching Note explains the theory of the case and teaching plan for the case: Making sticK Stick: The Business of Behavioral Economics (514019). The case focuses on a... View Details
      Keywords: Behavioral Economics; Behavior Change; B2B Vs. B2C; Human Resource Management; Marketing Of Innovations; Health & Wellness; Weight Loss; Charitable Giving; Marketing; Consumer Behavior; Entrepreneurship; Internet and the Web; Health; Business Model; Sales; Human Resources; Health Industry; United States
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      John, Leslie K., and Michael Norton. "Making stickK Stick: The Business of Behavioral Economics." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 515-088, February 2015. (Revised September 2016.) (Email mking@hbs.edu for a courtesy copy.)
      • February 2015
      • Article

      The Great Recession, Insurance Mandates, and the Use of In Vitro Fertilization Services in the United States

      By: Sorapop Kiatpongsan, Robert S. Huckman and Mark D. Hornstein
      Objective: To investigate the relationship between economic activities, insurance mandates, and the use of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the United States.

      Design: We examined the correlation between the coincident index (a proxy for overall economic... View Details
      Keywords: Macroeconomics; Recessions; Medical Care; In Vitro Fertilization; Health Industry; United States
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      Kiatpongsan, Sorapop, Robert S. Huckman, and Mark D. Hornstein. "The Great Recession, Insurance Mandates, and the Use of In Vitro Fertilization Services in the United States." Fertility and Sterility 103, no. 2 (February 2015): 448–454.
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