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- May 13, 2021
- Article
The Big Benefits of Employee Ownership
By: Thomas Dudley and Ethan Rouen
Wealth inequality in the U.S. has been increasing for decades: The richest 1% own a majority of all business wealth, and the top 10% own more than 90%. Companies, which have played a vital role in the growth in inequality can also play one in reducing it. One place to... View Details
Keywords: Wealth; Equality and Inequality; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Employee Ownership; United States
Dudley, Thomas, and Ethan Rouen. "The Big Benefits of Employee Ownership." Harvard Business Review (website) (May 13, 2021).
- Research Summary
Talent and Ownership on Corporate Boards
This research, with co-author Emilie Feldman, examines the performance of firms whose boards include directors with sizeable ownership stakes and relatively low levels of business experience. In contrast to theories that predict a strong... View Details
- April–May 2019
- Article
Disclosure Incentives When Competing Firms Have Common Ownership
By: Jihwon Park, Jalal Sani, Nemit Shroff and Hal D. White
This paper examines whether common ownership – i.e., instances where investors simultaneously own significant stakes in competing firms – affects voluntary disclosure. We argue that common ownership (i) reduces proprietary cost concerns of disclosure, and (ii)... View Details
Park, Jihwon, Jalal Sani, Nemit Shroff, and Hal D. White. "Disclosure Incentives When Competing Firms Have Common Ownership." Journal of Accounting & Economics 67, nos. 2-3 (April–May 2019): 387–415.
- Article
Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure
By: Sergey Chernenko, C. Fritz Foley and Robin Greenwood
Standard theories of corporate ownership assume that because markets are efficient, insiders ultimately bear all agency costs that they create and therefore have a strong incentive to minimize conflicts of interest with outside investors. We argue that if equity is... View Details
Keywords: Business and Shareholder Relations; Ownership; Conflict of Interests; Investment; Valuation
Chernenko, Sergey, C. Fritz Foley, and Robin Greenwood. "Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure." Financial Management 41, no. 4 (Winter 2012): 885–914.
- 17 Nov 2010
- News
Stakes Are High As GM Shares Get Set for Debut
- April 2011
- Article
Ownership Structure and the Cost of Corporate Borrowing
By: Chen Lin, Yue Ma, Paul Malatesta and Yuhai Xuan
This article identifies an important channel through which excess control rights affect firm value. Using a new, hand-collected data set on corporate ownership and control of 3,468 firms in 22 countries during the 1996-2008 period, we find that the cost of debt... View Details
Keywords: Borrowing and Debt; Cash Flow; Cost; Financing and Loans; Governance Controls; Ownership Stake; Business and Shareholder Relations
Lin, Chen, Yue Ma, Paul Malatesta, and Yuhai Xuan. "Ownership Structure and the Cost of Corporate Borrowing." Journal of Financial Economics 100, no. 1 (April 2011): 1–23. (Lead Article. First Place Winner of the 2011 Jensen Prize for the Best Paper in the Areas of Corporate Finance and Organizations published in the Journal of Financial Economics.)
- 10 Jul 2014
- News
Harpoon Brewery CEO Steps Aside, Turns Stake over to Employees
- November 2000
- Background Note
Note on Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and Phantom Stock Plans
By: Dwight B. Crane and Indra Reinbergs
Provides a brief overview of employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) and phantom stock plans for owners of closely held companies. ESOPs can be used as a tool of corporate financing, and can provide employees with ownership interests. Phantom stock plans can reward... View Details
Keywords: Financing and Loans; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Motivation and Incentives; Management Teams; Corporate Governance; Ownership Stake; Taxation
Crane, Dwight B., and Indra Reinbergs. "Note on Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and Phantom Stock Plans." Harvard Business School Background Note 201-034, November 2000.
- Research Summary
The Talent at the Table: Business Expertise and Share Ownership in Fortune 500 Boardrooms
This paper examines the relationship between corporate value and "vestige" directors, defined as directors who own sizeable shareholdings but lack salient business experience relative to their peers on Fortune 500 boards. These people come to serve on... View Details
- Article
Laws versus Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950
By: Aldo Musacchio
This article examines some of the institutional conditions that facilitated the development of equity markets in Brazil. A critical factor was the addition of protections for investors to corporate bylaws, which enabled relatively large corporations in Brazil to... View Details
Keywords: Voting; Equity; Financial Markets; Investment; Governance Controls; Business History; Ownership Stake; Brazil
Musacchio, Aldo. "Laws versus Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950." Business History Review 82, no. 3 (Fall 2008): 445–473.
- 2009
- Working Paper
The Impact of Private Equity Ownership on Portfolio Firms' Corporate Tax Planning
By: Brad Badertscher, Sharon P. Katz and Sonja Olhoft Rego
This study investigates whether private equity (PE) firms influence the tax practices of their portfolio firms. Prior research documents that PE firms create economic value in portfolio firms through effective governance, financial, and operational engineering. Given... View Details
Keywords: Private Equity; Investment Portfolio; Corporate Governance; Taxation; Ownership Stake; Value Creation
Badertscher, Brad, Sharon P. Katz, and Sonja Olhoft Rego. "The Impact of Private Equity Ownership on Portfolio Firms' Corporate Tax Planning." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-004, July 2009. (Revised March 2010.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
Laws vs. Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950
By: Aldo Musacchio
The early development of large multidivisional corporations in Latin America required much more than capable managers, new technologies, and large markets. Behind such corporations was a market for capital in which entrepreneurs had to attract investors to buy either... View Details
Keywords: Voting; Entrepreneurship; Investment; Governance Controls; Contracts; Laws and Statutes; Ownership Stake; Brazil
Musacchio, Aldo. "Laws vs. Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-053, January 2008.
- June 2025
- Case
(Family) Size Matters: Nico Oprée and the Decreasing Power of Family Unity over Time
By: Lauren Cohen, Octavian Graf Pilati, Dominik V. Eynern and Sophia Pan
Nico Oprée, a fourth-generation (G4) member of his family’s heavy manufacturing business, found himself reflecting on how the firm would navigate a deepening shareholder conflict. While the second generation (G2) had managed the business in harmony, dynamics shifted... View Details
Keywords: Ownership; Family Businesses; Family; Family Functioning And Support; Family Business; Family and Family Relationships; Family Ownership; Acquisition; Governance; Resignation and Termination; Leadership Style; Management Succession; Size; Negotiation Offer; Private Ownership; Business and Shareholder Relations; Trust; Conflict of Interests; Conflict Management; Manufacturing Industry; Germany
- January 2017 (Revised December 2017)
- Case
Carmichael Roberts: To Create a Private Equity Firm?
By: Steven Rogers and Kenneth J. Cooper
Carmichael Roberts, a rare African-American venture capitalist, considered leaving his general partnership in a private equity firm near Boston and setting up his own in 2015. He weighed whether the timing was right, with the economy still not fully recovered from the... View Details
Keywords: Venture Capital; Equity; Innovation And Invention; Investment; Ownership; Science; Science Bassed Business; Markets; Relationships; Capital; Private Equity; Technological Innovation; Investment Return; Going Public; Ownership Stake; Science-Based Business; Market Timing; Marketplace Matching; Partners and Partnerships; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Massachusetts; Boston; California; San Francisco; New York (city, NY)
Rogers, Steven, and Kenneth J. Cooper. "Carmichael Roberts: To Create a Private Equity Firm?" Harvard Business School Case 317-079, January 2017. (Revised December 2017.)
- November 2018 (Revised July 2023)
- Case
The Weir Group: Reforming Executive Pay (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine and Federica Gabrieli
In February 2018, the Remuneration Committee together with the full Board of Directors of the Scotland-based engineering company The Weir Group had to decide whether to seek a shareholder vote at the upcoming Annual General Meeting in April on a proposal to reform the... View Details
Keywords: General Management; Board Of Directors; Executive Committees; Human Resource Management; Compensation; Pay For Performance; Incentives; Bonuses; Incentive Programs; Employee Stock Ownership Plans; Performance Measurement; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Human Resources; Management; Executive Compensation; Change; Performance Evaluation; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Europe; United Kingdom; Scotland
Paine, Lynn S., and Federica Gabrieli. "The Weir Group: Reforming Executive Pay (A)." Harvard Business School Case 319-046, November 2018. (Revised July 2023.)
- February 2008 (Revised February 2009)
- Case
Spiegel-Verlag Rudolf Augstein GmbH & Co. KG
By: Belen Villalonga, Daniela Beyersdorfer and Vincent Dessain
Der Spiegel is Germany's most influential political news magazine. In the 1970s, its founder Rudolf Augstein gave a 50% ownership stake to his employees and sold another 25% to rival publisher Gruner+Jahr, but retained significant control during his lifetime by... View Details
Keywords: Family Business; Governance Controls; Employee Ownership; Family Ownership; Business and Shareholder Relations; Journalism and News Industry; Publishing Industry; Germany
Villalonga, Belen, Daniela Beyersdorfer, and Vincent Dessain. "Spiegel-Verlag Rudolf Augstein GmbH & Co. KG." Harvard Business School Case 208-096, February 2008. (Revised February 2009.)
- December 2012
- Article
How Much Is Sweat Equity Worth?
By: Christopher Marquis and Joshua D. Margolis
The article presents a case study of a business decision related to the valuing of sweat equity in a start-up business. One man starts a premium vodka business, bringing in his cousin at an early stage, but with no initial discussion of the eventual split of equity or... View Details
Marquis, Christopher, and Joshua D. Margolis. "How Much Is Sweat Equity Worth?" R1212X. Harvard Business Review 90, no. 12 (December 2012).
- June 20, 2013
- Article
The Tyranny of Minority Shareholders
By: Josh Baron and Henry Foley
The article discusses challenges arising from minority ownership in the context of the proposed Empire State Building IPO. It emphasizes the complexities that minority shareholders can introduce in business decisions when families take their assets public. The article... View Details
Keywords: Business and Shareholder Relations; Ownership; Family Ownership; Corporate Governance; Power and Influence
Baron, Josh, and Henry Foley. "The Tyranny of Minority Shareholders." Wealth Management (website) (June 20, 2013).
- October 2015 (Revised September 2016)
- Case
Whirlpool Corp.: Structuring the Deal to Acquire Hefei Rongshida Sanyo Electric Company
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Nancy Hua Dai
Ian Lee, Whirlpool's VP for North Asia, had been negotiating a possible acquisition with Jackie Jin, the chairman of a leading Chinese appliance manufacturer named Hefei Rongshida Sanyo Electric Company (Hefei Sanyo), for almost six months when suddenly Hefei Sanyo's... View Details
Keywords: Mergers ＆ Acquisitions; Regulation; Cross-border Investment; Brand Names; State-owned Enterprise (SOE); Appliances; White Goods; Consumer Durables; Negotiation; Valuation; Mergers and Acquisitions; State Ownership; Foreign Direct Investment; Brands and Branding; Consumer Products Industry; China
Esty, Benjamin C., and Nancy Hua Dai. "Whirlpool Corp.: Structuring the Deal to Acquire Hefei Rongshida Sanyo Electric Company." Harvard Business School Case 216-019, October 2015. (Revised September 2016.)
- July 2015
- Exercise
An Activist Approach: Confidential Role Assignment for Remingtons Housewares
By: Guhan Subramanian and Kait Szydlowski
A three party, multiple-issue negotiation exercise dealing with a potential merger between two leading department stores, called for by an activist investor hedge fund in a letter to both companies. Company management will now attempt to navigate next moves, which are... View Details
Keywords: Negotiation; Activist Investors; Takeover Defense; Negotiation Types; Mergers and Acquisitions; Corporate Governance; Investment Activism; Retail Industry
Subramanian, Guhan, and Kait Szydlowski. "An Activist Approach: Confidential Role Assignment for Remingtons Housewares." Harvard Business School Exercise 916-014, July 2015.