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- February 2019 (Revised September 2019)
- Case
Amazon in Fashion
By: John R. Wells, Benjamin Weinstock and Gabriel Ellsworth
According to many analysts and industry observers, in 2018 Amazon became the largest retailer of apparel in the United States and the second largest in the world, behind Alibaba. Much of Amazon’s apparel was made by third-party retailers on its platform, but Amazon had... View Details
Keywords: Amazon; Amazon.com; Fashion; Fashion Accessories; Retail; Retailing Industry; Retailing; ASOS; Inditex; Multi-channel Retailers; Online Retail; Online Retailing; Positioning; Private Label; Delivery; Spending; Internet and the Web; Competitive Strategy; Fashion Industry; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry
Wells, John R., Benjamin Weinstock, and Gabriel Ellsworth. "Amazon in Fashion." Harvard Business School Case 719-481, February 2019. (Revised September 2019.)
- January 2020 (Revised October 2021)
- Case
Zara: An Integrated Store and Online Model (A)
By: Antonio Moreno
In 2010, amidst the growth of ecommerce and the emergence of new, purely online, fashion players, Zara launched its first online store, Zara.com. Since then, Zara’s online business had grown at a fast pace. By 2018, 12% of Inditex Group’s total sales came from the... View Details
Keywords: Stores; Integration; Operations; Business Model; Strategy; E-commerce; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Europe
Moreno, Antonio. "Zara: An Integrated Store and Online Model (A)." Harvard Business School Case 620-073, January 2020. (Revised October 2021.)
- April 2003 (Revised December 2006)
- Case
ZARA: Fast Fashion
By: Pankaj Ghemawat and Jose Luis Nueno
Focuses on Inditex, an apparel retailer from Spain, which has set up an extremely quick response system for its ZARA chain. Instead of predicting months before a season starts what women will want to wear, ZARA observes what's selling and what's not and continuously... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Multinational Firms and Management; Competitive Advantage; Manufacturing Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Retail Industry; Spain
Ghemawat, Pankaj, and Jose Luis Nueno. "ZARA: Fast Fashion." Harvard Business School Case 703-497, April 2003. (Revised December 2006.)
- September 2019 (Revised July 2021)
- Case
Gap, Inc., 2019
By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
In 2000, The Gap, Inc. (Gap) was the world’s largest player in specialty fashion retailing, and companies such as Inditex of Spain, H&M of Sweden, and Fast Retailing of Japan were less than a quarter of Gap’s size. But after two decades of growth, Gap’s progress... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Change; Fashion; Multinational; Brands; Fast Fashion; Competition; Multinational Firms and Management; Performance Improvement; Management Teams; Brands and Branding; Change Management; Strategy; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Sweden; Spain; United States
Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Gap, Inc., 2019." Harvard Business School Case 720-377, September 2019. (Revised July 2021.)
- May 2018
- Case
Inditex: 2018
By: John R. Wells and Gabriel Ellsworth
In 2018, Inditex, based in Spain, was the largest specialist fashion retailer in the world, generating sales of $31.5 billion in 2017 from a portfolio of eight retail brands selling through a total of 7,475 stores located in 96 countries and from websites in 49... View Details
Keywords: Fashion; Succession; IPO; Competition; Initial Public Offering; Multinational Firms and Management; Management Succession; Growth and Development Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry
Wells, John R., and Gabriel Ellsworth. "Inditex: 2018." Harvard Business School Case 718-515, May 2018.
- May 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Benetton Group S.p.A., 2000
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
In 2000, Benetton was one of the leading mass fashion competitors in the world with approximately $1.9 billion in sales across 5,500 stores in 120 countries. But the company's fortunes seemed to be on the wane. Operating profits had fallen 9% from the prior year to... View Details
Keywords: Fashion; Strategic Change; Strategic Management; Globalized Firms and Management; Marketing Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Performance Consistency; Management Teams; Strategy; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Retail Industry; Italy
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Benetton Group S.p.A., 2000." Harvard Business School Case 713-510, May 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- June 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Inditex: 2012
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
In the 11 years since its public offering, Inditex and its flagship brand, Zara, had expanded into 86 countries, achieved $21.6 billion in revenue, and become the largest specialty apparel retailer in the world. In marked contrast to the general malaise of the Bolsa de... View Details
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Inditex: 2012." Harvard Business School Case 713-539, June 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- June 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Hennes & Mauritz, 2012
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
In 2012, Hennes & Maurtiz (H&M) was the second-largest specialty apparel retailer in the world. Sales for fiscal 2012 were $18.1 billion and operating profits were $3.3 billion. H&M operated 2,776 stores, 93% of them outside its home base of Sweden. Over the past... View Details
Keywords: Fashion; Strategic Decision Making; Strategy; Supply Chain; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Fashion Industry; Europe; Sweden
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Hennes & Mauritz, 2012." Harvard Business School Case 713-512, June 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- May 2003 (Revised May 2009)
- Case
ZARA: Fast Fashion
Focuses on Inditex, an apparel retailer from Spain, which has set up an extremely quick response system for its ZARA chain. Instead of predicting months before a season starts what women will want to wear, ZARA observes what's selling and what's not and continuously... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Multinational Firms and Management; Competitive Advantage; Manufacturing Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Retail Industry; Spain
Ghemawat, Pankaj, and Jose Luis Nueno. "ZARA: Fast Fashion." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 703-416, May 2003. (Revised May 2009.)
- June 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Inditex: 2000
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
In 2000, Inditex was one of the largest specialty apparel retailers in the world, with $2.4 billion in sales from 1,080 stores across 33 countries. Zara, Inditex's main brand, produced popular designer items at a fraction of design-house prices and could push an item... View Details
Keywords: Fashion; Fashion Industry; Succession; IPO; Competition; Initial Public Offering; Multinational Firms and Management; Management Succession; Growth and Development Strategy; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Retail Industry
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Inditex: 2000." Harvard Business School Case 713-538, June 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- May 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Benetton Group S.p.A., 2012
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
On May 31, 2012, after 36 years on the Milan Stock Exchange, Benetton was officially delisted and taken private by Edizione, the Benetton family's holding company. Since 2000, Benetton shareholders had seen its market value fall from $4.3 billion to $720 million at the... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Fashion; Retail; Privatization; Family Ownership; Performance Improvement; Problems and Challenges; Management Teams; Globalized Firms and Management; Change Management; Restructuring; Competitive Strategy; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Italy
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Benetton Group S.p.A., 2012." Harvard Business School Case 713-513, May 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- May 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Gap, Inc., 2012
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
Between 2000 and 2012, Gap, Inc. (Gap) ceded its world leadership position in specialty fashion retailing to Inditex of Spain and H&M of Sweden. These two companies, each less than a quarter of Gap's size in 2000, were now setting the pace in the global mass fashion... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Change; Fashion; Multinational; Brands; Competition; Multinational Firms and Management; Performance Improvement; Strategy; Brands and Branding; Change Management; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Sweden; Spain; United States
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Gap, Inc., 2012." Harvard Business School Case 713-511, May 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- 25 Mar 2014
- First Look
First Look: March 25
and greater profitability than H&M. H&M had also lagged behind Inditex in supply pipeline speed, brand diversification, online retail presence, and expansion into China. Meanwhile, the world's leading hypermarket chains, including... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 28 Jan 2014
- First Look
First Look: January 28
May 31, 2012, Benetton was officially delisted and taken private by Edizione, the Benetton family's holding company. At $2.6 billion, Benetton's sales in 2011 were virtually the same as they were in 2000, but Inditex from Spain, Hennes... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 21 Jan 2014
- First Look
First Look: January 21
http://hbr.org/product/gap-inc-2000/an/713508-PDF-ENG Harvard Business School Case 713-511 Gap, Inc., 2012 Between 2000 and 2012, Gap, Inc. ceded its world leadership position in specialty fashion retailing to Inditex of Spain and H&M... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne